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Fig. 34 in Taxonomic revision of the dwarf spider genus Shaanxinus Tanasevitch, 2006 (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Erigoninae), with new species from Taiwan and Vietnam

Fig. 34 Shaanxinus meifengensis sp. n. photos. a–d Male habitus. e–h Female habitus. a, e Dorsal view. b, f Lateral view. c, g Ventral view. d, h Frontal view. Scale bars 1 mm

Fig. 43 in Taxonomic revision of the dwarf spider genus Shaanxinus Tanasevitch, 2006 (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Erigoninae), with new species from Taiwan and Vietnam

Fig. 43 Tree topology from the Bayesian analysis of the combined dataset of 16S, COI, and 28S. Numbers below nodes indicate posterior probabilities. Nodes with posterior probability lower than 50% are collapsed. Lower left: Box plot showing p-distances for the combined dataset of 16S and COI between sequences of Shaanxinus specimens.

Fig. 13 in Taxonomic revision of the dwarf spider genus Shaanxinus Tanasevitch, 2006 (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Erigoninae), with new species from Taiwan and Vietnam

Fig. 13 Shaanxinus shihchoensis sp. n., a–e Male left palp, drawings and photos. a, d Retrolateral view. b Prolateral view. c Ventral view. e Apical view. f–h Epigyne, photo and drawings. f, h Ventral view, Bd^ dorsal plate, Bv^ ventral plate. g Dorsal view. Scale bars 0.10 mm

Fig. 45 in Taxonomic revision of the dwarf spider genus Shaanxinus Tanasevitch, 2006 (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Erigoninae), with new species from Taiwan and Vietnam

Fig. 45 Number of transitions and transversions in COI sequences of 56 individuals of 13 species of Shaanxinus and one individual of Nasoona crucifera, plotted against F84 genetic distance

Fig. 9 in Taxonomic revision of the dwarf spider genus Shaanxinus Tanasevitch, 2006 (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Erigoninae), with new species from Taiwan and Vietnam

Fig. 9 Shaanxinus magniclypeus sp. n., Eastern population, photos. a–d Male habitus. e–h Female habitus. a, e Dorsal view. b, f Lateral view. c, g Ventral view. d, h Frontal view. Scale bars 1 mm

Fig. 7 in Taxonomic revision of the dwarf spider genus Shaanxinus Tanasevitch, 2006 (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Erigoninae), with new species from Taiwan and Vietnam

Fig. 7 Male right palp of Shaanxinus rufus (inverted). a Suprategulum and median membrane. b Retrolateral view, suprategulum and embolic division excised. c Embolic division. Scale bar 0.10 mm

Fig. 6 in Taxonomic revision of the dwarf spider genus Shaanxinus Tanasevitch, 2006 (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Erigoninae), with new species from Taiwan and Vietnam

Fig. 6 Micro-CT reconstruction of the expended right palp of S. tamdaoensis sp. n. Sample in 99% ethanol during the scan. Green: PC; yellow: LER; blue: TP; purple: ARS; red: E

Fig. 5 in Taxonomic revision of the dwarf spider genus Shaanxinus Tanasevitch, 2006 (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Erigoninae), with new species from Taiwan and Vietnam

Fig. 5 Micro-CT reconstruction of Shaanxinus prosoma, based on scans conducted on samples in 99% ethanol. a, d, g External morphology. b, e, h Glandular tissues associated with prosomal modifications. c, f, i Virtual sections with glandular tissues outlined. a–c S. rufus. d–f S. mingchihensis sp. n. g–i S. tamdaoensis sp. n.

Fig. 1 in Taxonomic revision of the dwarf spider genus Shaanxinus Tanasevitch, 2006 (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Erigoninae), with new species from Taiwan and Vietnam

Fig. 1 Shaanxinus curviductus sp. n. a, b Male prosoma. a Lateral view. b Frontal view. c Female right chelicera, lateral view. d Male right chelicera, lateral view. e Male book lung cover. Scale bars 100 μm in a, b; 20 μm in c, d; and 10 μm in e

Fig. 4 in Taxonomic revision of the dwarf spider genus Shaanxinus Tanasevitch, 2006 (Araneae, Linyphiidae, Erigoninae), with new species from Taiwan and Vietnam

Fig. 4 Shaanxinus tsou sp. n. photos. a–d Male habitus. e–h Female habitus. a, e Dorsal view. b, f Lateral view. c, g Ventral view. d, h Frontal view. Scale bars 1 mm

Figure 20. Solenysa wulingensis. A in Phylogenetic analysis and revision of the linyphiid spider genus Solenysa (Araneae: Linyphiidae: Erigoninae)

Figure 20. Solenysa wulingensis. A, male body, dorsal (left arrow, median pair tracheae extending into prosoma through petiole; right arrow, points to location of special glands). B–D, male prosoma. B, lateral; C, frontal; D, ventral. E, inner view of basal part of PLS showing special glands. F–H, spinnerets, F, male PLS and PMS; G, female PMS; H, female ALS and PLS. Abbreviations: AC, aciniform gland spigot(s); AG, aggregate gland spigot(s); ALS, anterior lateral spinneret; CY, cylindrical gland spigot(s); FL, flagelliform gland spigot(s); mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot(s); MAP, major ampullate gland spigot(s); PI, piriform gland spigot(s); PLS, posterior lateral spinneret; PMS, posterior median spinneret; SG, special gland. Scale bars in mm.

Figure 2 in Phylogenetic analysis and revision of the linyphiid spider genus Solenysa (Araneae: Linyphiidae: Erigoninae)

Figure 2. Character optimizations for the preferred optimal tree (Matrix 1, Appendix 2) under equal weights [length (L) = 951, consistency index (CI) = 0.23, retention index (RI) = 0.60]. Exclusion of uninformative characters decreases the tree length to 946 steps (CI = 0.23). Ambiguous character transformations are optimized under Farris optimization in WINCLADA. Black circles represent nonhomoplasious character changes; white circles represent homoplasious character changes (continued in Fig. 3).

Figure 13. Solenysa partibilis. A–D in Phylogenetic analysis and revision of the linyphiid spider genus Solenysa (Araneae: Linyphiidae: Erigoninae)

Figure 13. Solenysa partibilis. A–D, epigynum: A, ventral; B, dorsal; C, caudal; D, detail of C. E–H, spinnerets: E, male; F, female; G, female ALS; H, female PLS. Abbreviations: AC, aciniform gland spigot(s); AG, aggregate gland spigot(s); ALS, anterior lateral spinneret; CY, cylindrical gland spigot(s); DP, dorsal plate; FO, fertilization opening; FL, flagelliform gland spigot(s); mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot(s); MAP, major ampullate gland spigot(s); PI, piriform gland spigot(s); PLS, posterior lateral spinneret; PMS, posterior median spinneret; SL, solenoid; VP, ventral plate. Scale bars in mm.

Figure 3 in Phylogenetic analysis and revision of the linyphiid spider genus Solenysa (Araneae: Linyphiidae: Erigoninae)

Figure 3. Character optimizations for the preferred optimal tree (Matrix 1, Appendix 2) under equal weights (continued from Fig. 2). Character changes optimized as in Figure 2.

Figure 19 in Phylogenetic analysis and revision of the linyphiid spider genus Solenysa (Araneae: Linyphiidae: Erigoninae)

Figure 19. Solenysa retractilis sp. nov. A–D, male palp: A, retrolateral (arrow, paracymbial proximal curve); B, prolateral; C, ventral (arrow, basal sclerotic extension of anterior terminal apophysis); D, detail of A. E, male palpal embolic division, ventral. F, detail of C (arrow, embolus opening). G, apex of anterior terminal apophysis. H, detail of E. Abbreviations: ATA, anterior terminal apophysis; DSA, distal suprategular apophysis; E, embolus; LC1, anterior branch of lamella characteristica; LC2, median branch of lamella characteristica; LC3, posterior branch of lamella characteristica; MTA, median terminal apophysis; P, paracymbium; PBP, cymbial probasal process; PTA, posterior terminal apophysis; RLP, cymbial retrolateral process; STT, Solenysa tegular triangle. Scale bars in mm.

Figure 6 in Phylogenetic analysis and revision of the linyphiid spider genus Solenysa (Araneae: Linyphiidae: Erigoninae)

Figure 6. Carapace morphology of Solenysa and the genitalic patterns of the four Solenysa clades mapped on the single most parsimonious tree.

Figure 4 in Phylogenetic analysis and revision of the linyphiid spider genus Solenysa (Araneae: Linyphiidae: Erigoninae)

Figure 4. The single most parsimonious tree that resulted from the analysis of Matrix 2 (Appendix 4) under equal weights [length (L) = 154, consistency index (CI) = 0.79, retention index (RI) = 0.89]. Exclusion of uninformative characters decreases the tree length to 146 steps (CI = 0.78). Numbers above branches indicate Bremer support values; numbers below branches indicate jack-knife support values.

Figure 18 in Phylogenetic analysis and revision of the linyphiid spider genus Solenysa (Araneae: Linyphiidae: Erigoninae)

Figure 18. Solenysa retractilis sp. nov. A, male chelicerae, ectal. B, pits on carapace. C, female tracheal system. D, epigynum, ventral. E–H, spinnerets: E, male; F, female; G, male PLS; H, female PMS. Abbreviations: AG, aggregate gland spigot(s); ALS, anterior lateral spinneret; CY, cylindrical gland spigot(s); mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot(s); PLS, posterior lateral spinneret; PMS, posterior median spinneret. Scale bars in mm.

Figure 5 in Phylogenetic analysis and revision of the linyphiid spider genus Solenysa (Araneae: Linyphiidae: Erigoninae)

Figure 5. The single most parsimonious tree that results from the analysis of Matrix 2 (Appendix 4) under equal weights [length (L) = 154, consistency index (CI) = 0.79, retention index (RI) = 0.89]. Ambiguous character transformations are optimized under Farris optimization in WINCLADA. Black circles represent nonhomoplasious character changes; white circles represent homoplasious character changes.

Figure 15. Solenysa longqiensis. A–C in Phylogenetic analysis and revision of the linyphiid spider genus Solenysa (Araneae: Linyphiidae: Erigoninae)

Figure 15. Solenysa longqiensis. A–C, male palp with embolic division removed: A, prolateral; B, retrolateral (arrow indicates cymbial basal excavation); C, dorsal. D–F, male embolic division: D, ventral; E, dorsal; F, detail of D. G, female spinnerets. H, anterior part of male abdomen showing epiandrous fusules absent. Abbreviations: AC, aciniform gland spigot(s); AG, aggregate gland spigot(s); ALS, anterior lateral spinneret; ARP, anterior radical process; ATA, anterior terminal apophysis; CY, cylindrical gland spigot(s); DSA, distal suprategular apophysis; E, embolus; FL, flagelliform gland spigot(s); LC1, anterior branch of lamella characteristica; LC2, median branch of lamella characteristica; LC3, posterior branch of lamella characteristica; M, distal membrane of embolus; MAP, major ampullate gland spigot(s); MTA, median terminal apophysis; P, paracymbium; PBP, cymbial probasal process; PI, piriform gland spigot(s); PLS, posterior lateral spinneret; PMS, posterior median spinneret; PTA, posterior terminal apophysis; R, radix; RLP, cymbial retrolateral process; SPT, suprategulum; STT, Solenysa tegular triangle; T, tegulum. Scale bars in mm.