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15,277 results for “GENETICS”
Fig. 3 in Taxonomic revision of Australian Amobia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Sarcophagidae: Miltogramminae): integrating morphology and genetics finds a new species and tackles old problems
Fig. 3. Amobia auriceps (Baranov, 1935), male terminalia, QLD, Cairns, 1919, J.F. Illingworth leg. (BM). A. Epandrium, cerci, surstyli and phallus, posterior view. B. Epandrium, cerci, surstyli, phallus and pre-gonite, lateral view. Abbreviations: c = cercus; d = distal lobe of phallus; s = surstylus; p = pregonite. Scale bars: 100 µm.
Fig. 5 in Taxonomic revision of Australian Amobia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Sarcophagidae: Miltogramminae): integrating morphology and genetics finds a new species and tackles old problems
Fig. 5. Amobia burnsi (Malloch, 1930), male terminalia, NT, 15 km N Katherine, 16 May 2005, R.W. Matthews leg (ANIC). A. Epandrium, cerci, surstyli and phallus, posterior view. B. Epandrium, cerci, surstyli, phallus and pre-gonite, lateral view. C. SEM image of epandrium, gonites, cerci and surstyli, posterior view. D. SEM image of epandrium, gonites, phallus, cerci and surstyli, lateral view. Abbreviations: c = cercus; d = distal lobe of phallus; s = surstylus; p = pre-gonite. Scale bars: 100 µm.
Figure 4 in Phenotypic Convergence in Genetically Distinct Lineages of a Rhinolophus Species Complex (Mammalia, Chiroptera)
Figure 4. The bacula of five species of Rhinolophidae. Dorsal (row D), ventral (V) and lateral (L) views. Row Bis the dorsal view of the base of each baculum. a) R. damarensis (Orange River), b) R. damarensis (Taung, TM 48040), c) R. darlingi (TM 47947), d) R. capensis (TM 40574), e) R. blasii (TM 7080), f) R. clivosus (TM46882). All figures are to the same scale and the scale line (bottom right) = 1 mm.
Tara Pacific 18S-based coral host genetic analysis data release version 1
<p>This dataset contains 4 tables and 3 sets of figures related to the primary analysis of the 18S metabarcoding sequencing output. This dataset is only concerned with the identity of the coral host (i.e. not additional protist diversity). The samples included in this dataset have a 'sample-material_label' value of 'CORAL' and 'sampling-protocol_label' value of 'SEQ-CS4L'. They represent the coral samples collected at all 32 of the islands visited in the Tara Pacific expedition.</p>
Horizontal acquisition of Symbiodiniaceae in the Anemonia viridis genetic data
<p>All metazoans are in fact holobionts, resulting from the association of several organisms, and organismal adaptation is then due to the composite response of this association to the environment. Deciphering the mechanisms of symbiont acquisition in a holobiont is therefore essential to understanding the extent of its adaptive capacities. In cnidarians, some species acquire their photosynthetic symbionts directly from their parents (vertical transmission) but may also acquire symbionts from the environment (horizontal acquisition) at the adult stage. The Mediterranean snakelocks sea anemone, <i>Anemonia viridis </i>(Forskål, 1775), passes down symbionts from one generation to the next by vertical transmission, but the capacity for such horizontal acquisition is still unexplored. To unravel the flexibility of the association between the different host lineages identified in <i>A. viridis </i>and its Symbiodiniaceae, we genotyped both the animal hosts and their symbiont communities in members of host clones in five different locations in the North Western Mediterranean Sea. The composition of within-host symbiont populations was more dependent on the geographical origin of the hosts than their membership to a given lineage or even to a given clone. Additionally, similarities in host symbiont communities were greater among genets (<i>i.e.</i> among different clones) than among ramets (<i>i.e. </i>among members of the same given clonal genotype). Taken together, our results demonstrate that <i>A. viridis</i> may form associations with a range of symbiotic dinoflagellates and suggest a capacity for horizontal acquisition. A mixed-mode transmission strategy in <i>A. viridis</i>, as we posit here, may help explain the large phenotypic plasticity that characterises this anemone.</p>
GECCO Industrial Challenge 2019 Dataset: A water quality dataset for the 'Internet of Things: Online Event Detection for Drinking Water Quality Control' competition at the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference 2019, Prague, Czech Republic.
<p>Dataset of the 'Internet of Things: Online Event Detection for Drinking Water Quality Control' competition hosted at The Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO) July 13th-17th 2019, Prague, Czech Republic</p> <p> </p> <p>The task of the competition was to develop an anomaly detection algorithm for a water- and environmental data set.</p> <p> </p> <p>Included in zenodo: </p> <p>1. Original train dataset of water quality data provided to participants (identical to gecco2019_train_water_quality.csv)</p> <p>2. Call for Participation</p> <p>3. Rules and Description of the Challenge</p> <p>4. Resource Package provided to participants</p> <p>5. The complete dataset, consisting of train, test and validation merged together (gecco2019_all_water_quality.csv)</p> <p>6. The test dataset, which was used for creating the leaderboard on the server (gecco2019_test_water_quality.csv)</p> <p>7. The train dataset, which participants had available for training their models (gecco2019_train_water_quality.csv)</p> <p>8. The validation dataset, which was used for the end results for the challenge (gecco2019_valid_water_quality.csv)</p> <p> </p> <p>The challenge required the participants to submit a program for event detection. A training dataset was available to the participants (gecco2019_train_water_quality.csv). During the challenge the participants were able to upload a version of their program to out online platform, where this version was scored against the testing dataset (gecco2019_test_water_quality.csv), thus an intermediate leaderboard was available. To avoid overfitting against this dataset, at the end of the challenge, the end result was created from scoring with the validation dataset (gecco2019_valid_water_quality.csv). </p> <p>Train, Test, Validation dataset are from the same measuring station and are in chronological order. So the timestamps from the test dataset begin directly after the train timestamps, while the validation timestamps begin directly after the test timestamps. </p> <p> </p> <p>The competition was organized by:</p> <p>F. Rehbach, S. Moritz, T. Bartz-Beielstein (TH Köln)</p> <p> </p> <p>The dataset was provided by:</p> <p>Thüringer Fernwasserversorgung and IMProvT research project</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p>Internet of Things: Online Event Detection for Drinking Water Quality Control</p> <p> </p> <p>Description:</p> <p>For the 8th time in GECCO history, the SPOTSeven Lab is hosting an industrial challenge in cooperation with various industry partners. This years challenge, based on the 2018 challenge, is held in cooperation with "Thüringer Fernwasserversorgung" which provides their real-world data set. The task of this years competition is to develop an anomaly detection algorithm for the water- and environmental data set. Early identification of anomalies in water quality data is a challenging task. It is important to identify true undesirable variations in the water quality. At the same time, false alarm rates have to be very low.</p> <p><br> Competition Opens: End of January/Start of February 2019<br> Final Submission: 30 June 2019</p> <p>Official webpage:</p> <p><a href="https://www.th-koeln.de/informatik-und-ingenieurwissenschaften/gecco-challenge-2019_63244.php">https://www.th-koeln.de/informatik-und-ingenieurwissenschaften/gecco-challenge-2019_63244.php</a></p> <p> </p>
Genetic diversity of a marine foundation species, Laminaria hyperborea (Phaeophyceae Laminariales), along the coast of Ireland
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Worldwide, kelp populations are stressed by warming, increased storms and other man-driven disturbances<i>. </i>Marine population distributions are projected to retreat poleward with climate change if they cannot adapt to changing conditions, which would potentially lead to a regime shift in subtidal habitats. In Northern Europe, <i>Laminaria hyperborea</i>is a subtidal ecosystem engineer whose distribution has shifted over millennia, leaving predicted areas of high genetic diversity from the last glacial maximum (LGM) near its southern distribution limit in the Iberian Peninsula. In Ireland, <i>L. hyperborea </i>structures communities by supporting diverse faunal assemblages and producing large quantities of organic carbon throughout the year. We investigated the genetic diversity of eight populations ranging from the southern coast to the northwest of Ireland using nine microsatellite loci. Diversity was found to be highest in Lough Hyne, a Special Area of Conservation (SAC), near the predicted climate refugium. We found evidence of isolation by distance, with high connectivity between populations that were geographically close, likely driven by short range dispersal of <i>L. hyperborea</i>propagules. Genetic diversity (measured as expected heterozygosity and allelic richness) was highest at Lough Hyne, and decreased northwards, as predicted from past range shifts. Expected heterozygosity was highest at Lough Hyne (0.706) and decreased northward, with the lowest value at Bridges of Ross (0.283). Based on these patterns, further fine-scale investigation into population diversity, dispersal and potential resilience in Irish kelp forests are necessary as warming and non-native species are observed more and more frequently.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Exploring the genetic consequences of clonality in haplodiplontic taxa
<p>Partially clonality is an incredibly common reproductive mode found across all the major eukaryotic lineages. Yet, population genetic theory is based on exclusive sexuality or exclusive asexuality and partial clonality is often ignored. This is particularly true in haplodiplontic eukaryotes, including algae, ferns, mosses, and fungi, where somatic development occurs in both the haploid and diploid stages. Haplodiplontic life cycles are predicted to be correlated with asexuality, but tests of this prediction are rare. Moreover, there are unique consequences of having long-lived haploid and diploid stages in the same life cycle. For example, clonal processes uncouple the life cycle such that the repetition of the diploid stage via clonality leads to the loss of the haploid stage. Here, we surveyed the literature to find studies that had genotyped both haploid and diploid stages and re-calculated population genetic summary metrics for seven red algae, one green alga, three brown algae, and three mosses. We compared these data to recent simulations that explicitly addressed the population genetic consequences of partial clonality in haplodiplontic life cycles. Not only was partial clonality found to act as a homogenizing force, but the combined effects of proportion of haploids, rate of clonality, and the relative strength of mutation versus genetic drift impacts the distributions of population genetic indices. We found remarkably similar patterns across commonly used population genetic metrics between our empirical and recent theoretical expectations. To facilitate future studies, we provide some recommendations for sampling and analyzing population genetic parameters for haplodiplontic taxa.</p>
Maternal and genetic correlations between morphology and physical performance traits in a small captive primate, Microcebus murinus
<p>Physical performance traits are key components of fitness and direct targets of selection. Maternal effects are important components of integrated phenotypes in a variety of species. Yet their contribution to variation in performance, and phenotypes closely associated with performance, remains poorly understood. We used an animal model approach to quantify the contribution of maternal effects to performance trait variation (in bite force and pull strength) and the relationships between performance and the relevant underlying morphology in <i>Microcebus murinus</i>. We show that bite force is heritable (h<sup>2</sup>~0.23), and that maternal effects are also important source of variation, resulting in a medium inclusive heritability (IH<sup>2</sup>~0.47). Grip strength presented a rather low and non-significant narrow-sense heritability suggesting a higher selective pressure on this trait. Genetic correlations between performance traits and their associated morphometric traits were significant and high (0.47 bite force-head width; 0.48 grip strength-radius length), as was the maternal correlation for bite force-head width (0.75). Further studies evaluating the heritability of performance for other taxa and the role of maternal effects are badly needed to better understand the drivers of variation in performance ultimately allowing for a better understanding of the importance of these types of traits in an evolutionary context.</p>
Data from: Creating small food-habituated groups might alter genetic diversity in the endangered Yunnan snub-nosed monkey. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01422
<p>Ecotourism is increasing worldwide for financial, educational and social purposes. Organized viewing of wildlife, especially at feeding sites where wildlife is “ready-to-view”, increases the opportunities for tourists to observe animals in the wild. However, feeding sites might retain only a subsample of wild populations. We thus hypothesized that such human intervention could induce population subdivisions and alter random mating by artificially creating small groups. The endangered Yunnan snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus bieti) is an emblematic example reflecting the contradictions between conservation and ecotourism. In Gehuaqing/Xiangguqing (Yunnan, China), some individuals are maintained at feeding sites, while the rest of the monkey subpopulation wanders in a large surrounding area. Using faecal sampling and molecular analyses, we showed that this subpopulation is genetically structured into two moderately differentiated subgroups. The fed subgroup exhibited lower genetic diversity and higher relatedness than the rest of the subpopulation. Simulation model results indicated that a single translocation probably would not restore genetic diversity in fed individuals. Thus, feeding sites implementation and associated management practices might rapidly induce founder effects. We discuss the possibilities of conciliating ecotourism and the conservation of endangered animal species from this viewpoint.</p>
New genetic markers for Sapotaceae phylogenomics: more than 600 nuclear genes applicable from family to population levels
<p>Some tropical plant families, such as the Sapotaceae, have a complex taxonomy, which can be resolved using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). For most groups however, methodological protocols are still missing. Here we identified 531 monocopy genes and 227 Short tandem repeats (STR) markers and tested them on Sapotaceae using target capture and NGS. The probes were designed using two genome skimming samples from<em>Capurodendron delphinense</em> and <em>Bemangidia lowryi</em>, both from the Tseboneae tribe, as well as the published <em>Manilkara zapota</em> transcriptome from the Sapotoideae tribe. We combined our probes with 261 additional ones previously published and designed for the entire angiosperm group. On a total of 792 low-copy genes, 638 showed no signs of paralogy and were used to build a phylogeny of the family with 231 individuals from all main lineages. A highly supported topology was obtained at high taxonomic ranks but also at the species level. This phylogeny revealed the existence of more than 20 putative new species. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) extracted from the 638 genes were able to distinguish lineages within a species complex and to highlight geographical structuration. STR were recovered efficiently for the species used as reference (<em>C. delphinense</em>) but the recovery rate decreased dramatically with the phylogenetic distance to the focal species. All together, the new loci will help reaching a sound taxonomic understanding of the family Sapotaceae for which many circumscriptions and relationships are still debated, at the species, genus and tribe levels.</p>
No severe genetic bottleneck in a rapidly range-expanding bumblebee pollinator
<p>Genetic bottlenecking can limit the success of populations colonising new ranges. However, successful colonisations can occur despite bottlenecking, a phenomenon known as the genetic paradox of invasion. Eusocial Hymenoptera such as bumblebees (<em>Bombus</em> spp.) should be particularly vulnerable to genetic bottlenecking, since homozygosity at the sex-determining locus leads to costly diploid male production. The Tree Bumblebee (<em>B. hypnorum</em>) has rapidly colonised the UK since 2001 and has been highlighted as exemplifying the genetic paradox of invasion. Using microsatellite genotyping, combined with the first genetic estimates of diploid male production in UK B. hypnorum, we tested two alternative genetic hypotheses ('bottleneck' and 'gene flow' hypotheses) for B. hypnorum's colonisation of the UK. We found that the UK population has not undergone a recent severe genetic bottleneck and exhibits levels of genetic diversity falling between those of widespread and range-restricted<em> Bombus</em> species. Diploid males occurred in 15.4% of reared colonies, leading to an estimate of 21.5 alleles at the sex-determining locus. Overall, the findings show that this population is not bottlenecked, instead suggesting that it is experiencing continued gene flow from the continental European source population with only moderate loss of genetic diversity, and does not exemplify the genetic paradox of invasion.</p>
Data from: Genomic data reveal deep genetic structure but no support for current taxonomic designation in a grasshopper species complex
<p>Taxonomy has traditionally relied on morphological and ecological traits to interpret and classify biological diversity. Over the last decade, technological advances and conceptual developments in the field of molecular ecology and systematics have eased the generation of genomic data and changed the paradigm of biodiversity analysis. Here we illustrate how traditional taxonomy has led to species designations that are supported neither by high throughput sequencing data nor by the quantitative integration of genomic information with other sources of evidence. Specifically, we focus on <em>Omocestus antigai </em>and<em> O. navasi</em>, two montane grasshoppers from the Pyrenean region that were originally described based on quantitative phenotypic differences and distinct habitat associations (alpine vs. Mediterranean-montane habitats). To validate current taxonomic designations, test species boundaries, and understand the factors that have contributed to genetic divergence, we obtained phenotypic (geometric morphometrics) and genome-wide SNP data (ddRADSeq) from populations covering the entire known distribution of the two taxa. Coalescent-based phylogenetic reconstructions, integrative Bayesian model-based species delimitation, and landscape genetic analyses revealed that populations assigned to the two taxa show a spatial distribution of genetic variation that do not match with current taxonomic designations and is incompatible with ecological/environmental speciation. Our results support little phenotypic variation among populations and a marked genetic structure that is mostly explained by geographic distances and limited population connectivity across the abrupt landscapes characterizing the study region. Overall, this study highlights the importance of integrative approaches to identify taxonomic units and elucidate the evolutionary history of species.</p>
Data from: Genetic diversity in widespread species is not congruent with species richness in alpine plant communities
The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) aims at the conservation of all three levels of biodiversity, i.e. ecosystems, species and genes. Genetic diversity represents evolutionary potential and is important for ecosystem functioning. Unfortunately, genetic diversity in natural populations is hardly considered in conservation strategies because it is difficult to measure and has been hypothesized to co-vary with species richness. This means that species richness is taken as a surrogate of genetic diversity in conservation planning, though their relationship has not been properly evaluated. We tested whether the genetic and species levels of biodiversity co-vary, using a large-scale and multi-species approach. We chose the high-mountain flora of the Alps and the Carpathians as study systems and demonstrate that species richness and genetic diversity are not correlated. Species richness thus cannot act as a surrogate for genetic diversity. Our results have important consequences for implementing the CBD when designing conservation strategies.
Data from: Drift happens: molecular genetic diversity and differentiation among populations of jewelweed (Impatiens capensis Meerb.) reflect fragmentation of floodplain forests
Landscape features often shape patterns of gene flow and genetic differentiation in plant species. Populations that are small and isolated enough also become subject to genetic drift. We examined patterns of gene flow and differentiation among 12 floodplain populations of the selfing annual jewelweed (Impatiens capensis Meerb.) nested within four river systems and two major watersheds in Wisconsin, USA. Floodplain forests and marshes provide a model system for assessing the effects of habitat fragmentation within agricultural/urban landscapes and for testing whether rivers act to genetically connect dispersed populations. We generated a panel of 12,856 single nucleotide polymorphisms and assessed genetic diversity, differentiation, gene flow, and drift. Clustering methods revealed strong population genetic structure with limited admixture and highly differentiated populations (mean multilocus FST = 0.32, FST' = 0.33). No signals of isolation by geographic distance or environment emerged, but alleles may flow along rivers given that genetic differentiation increased with river distance. Differentiation also increased in populations with fewer private alleles (R2 = 0.51) and higher local inbreeding (R2 = 0.22). Populations varied greatly in levels of local inbreeding (FIS = 0.2 to 0.9) and FIS declined in smaller, more isolated populations. These results suggest that genetic drift dominates other forces in structuring these Impatiens populations. In rapidly changing environments, species must migrate or genetically adapt. Habitat fragmentation limits both processes, potentially compromising the ability of species to persist in fragmented landscapes.
Data from: Genetic and morphological evidence of a geographically widespread hybrid zone between two crocodile species, Crocodylus acutus and Crocodylus moreletii
<p>Hybrid zones represent natural laboratories to study gene flow, divergence and the nature of species boundaries between closely related taxa. We evaluated the level and extent of hybridization between <em>Crocodylus moreletii </em>and<em> C. acutus </em>using genetic and morphological data on 300 crocodiles from 65 localities. To our knowledge, this is the first genetic study that includes the entire historic range and sympatric zone of the two species. Contrary to expectations, Bayesian admixture proportions and maximum likelihood estimates of hybrid indexes revealed that most sampled crocodiles were admixed and that the hybrid zone is geographically extensive, extending well beyond their historical region of sympatry. We identified a few geographically isolated, non-admixed populations of both parental species. Hybrids do not appear to be F<sub>1</sub>s or recent backcrosses, but rather are more likely later-generation hybrids, suggesting that hybridization has been going on for several to many generations and is mostly the result of natural processes. <em>C. moreletii </em>is not the sister species of <em>C. acutus,</em> suggesting that the hybrid zone formed from secondary contact rather than primary divergence. Non-admixed individuals from the two species were distinguishable based on morphological characters, whereas hybrids had a complex mosaic of morphological characters that hinders identification in the wild. Very few non-admixed <em>C. acutus</em> and <em>C. moreletii</em> populations exist in the wild. Consequently, the last non-admixed <em>C. moreletii</em> populations have become critically endangered. Indeed, not only the parental species but also the naturally occurring hybrids should be considered for their potential conservation value.</p>
Data from: Association genetics of growth and adaptive traits in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) using whole-exome-discovered polymorphisms
In the United States, forest genetics research began over 100 years ago and loblolly pine breeding programs were established in the 1950s. However, the genetics underlying complex traits of loblolly pine remains to be discovered. To address this, adaptive and growth traits were measured and analyzed in a clonally tested loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) population. Over 2.8 million single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers detected from exome sequencing were used to test for single locus associations, SNP-SNP interactions and correlation of individual heterozygosity with phenotypic traits. A total of 36 SNP-trait associations were found for specific leaf area (5 SNPs), branch angle (2), crown width (3), stem diameter (4), total height (9), carbon isotope discrimination (4), nitrogen concentration (2), and pitch canker resistance traits (7). Eleven SNP-SNP interactions were found to be associated with branch angle (1 SNP-SNP interaction), crown width (2), total height (2), carbon isotope discrimination (2), nitrogen concentration (1), and pitch canker resistance (3). Non-additive effects imposed by dominance and epistasis account for a large fraction of the genetic variance for the quantitative traits. Genes that contain the identified SNPs have a wide spectrum of functions. Individual heterozygosity positively correlated with water use efficiency and nitrogen concentration. In conclusion, multiple effects identified in this study influence the performance of loblolly pines, provide resources for understanding the genetic control of complex traits, and have potential value for assessing with breeding through marker assisted selection and genomic selection.
The target of selection matters: an established resistance – development-time negative genetic trade-off is not found when selecting on development time.
<p>Trade-offs are fundamental to evolutionary outcomes and play a central role in eco-evolutionary theory. They are often examined by experimentally selecting on one life-history trait and looking for negative correlations in other traits. For example, populations of the moth Plodia interpunctella selected to resist viral infection show a life-history cost with longer development times. However, we rarely examine whether the detection of such negative genetic correlations depends on the trait on which we select. Here we examine a well-characterised negative genotypic trade-off between development time and resistance to viral infection in the moth Plodia interpunctella and test whether selection on a phenotype known to be a cost of resistance (longer development time) leads to the predicted correlated increase in resistance. If there is tight pleiotropic relationship between genes that determine development time and resistance underpinning this trade-off, we might expect increased resistance when we select on longer development time. However, we show that selecting for longer development time in this system selects for reduced resistance when compared to selection for shorter development time. This shows how phenotypes typically characterised by a trade-off can deviate from that trade-off relationship, and suggests little genetic linkage between the genes governing viral resistance and those that determine response to selection on the key life-history trait. Our results are important for both selection strategies in applied biological systems and for evolutionary modelling of host-parasite interactions.</p>
Data from: Discordant patterns of genetic and phenotypic differentiation in five grasshopper species co-distributed across a microreserve network
<p>Conservation plans can be greatly improved when information on the evolutionary and demographic consequences of habitat fragmentation is available for several co-distributed species. Here, we study spatial patterns of phenotypic and genetic variation among five grasshopper species that are co-distributed across a network of microreserves but show remarkable differences in dispersal-related morphology (body size and wing length), degree of habitat specialization and extent of fragmentation of their respective habitats in the study region. In particular, we tested the hypothesis that species with preferences for highly fragmented microhabitats show stronger genetic and phenotypic structure than co-distributed generalist taxa inhabiting a continuous matrix of suitable habitat. We also hypothesized a higher resemblance of spatial patterns of genetic and phenotypic variability among species that have experienced a higher degree of habitat fragmentation due to their more similar responses to the parallel large-scale destruction of their natural habitats. In partial agreement with our first hypothesis, we found that genetic structure, but not phenotypic differentiation, was higher in species linked to highly fragmented habitats. We did not find support for congruent patterns of phenotypic and genetic variability among any studied species, indicating that they show idiosyncratic evolutionary trajectories and distinctive demographic responses to habitat fragmentation across a common landscape. This suggests that conservation practices in networks of protected areas require detailed ecological and evolutionary information on target species in order to focus management efforts on those taxa that are more sensitive to the effects of habitat fragmentation.</p>
Data from: Different genetic structures revealed resident populations of a specialist parasitoid wasp in contrast to its migratory host
Genetic comparisons of parasitoids and their hosts are expected to reflect ecological and evolutionary processes that influence the interactions between species. The parasitoid wasp, Cotesia vestalis, and its host diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, provide opportunities to test whether the specialist natural enemy migrates seasonally with its host or occurs as resident population. We genotyped 17 microsatellite loci and two mitochondrial genes for 158 female adults of C. vestalis collected from 12 geographical populations, as well as nine microsatellite loci for 127 DBM larvae from six separate sites. The samplings covered both the likely source (southern) and immigrant (northern) areas of DBM from China. Populations of C. vestalis fell into three groups, pointing to isolation in northwestern and southwestern China and strong genetic differentiation of these populations from others in central and eastern China. In contrast, DBM showed much weaker genetic differentiation and high rates of gene flow. TESS analysis identified the immigrant populations of DBM as showing admixture in northern China. Genetic disconnect between C. vestalis and its host suggests that the parasitoid did not migrate yearly with its host but likely consisted of resident populations in places where its host could not survive in winter.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.