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166 results for “Late Devonian”
Data for: Variation in eye lenses of two new Late Devonian phacopid trilobites from western Junggar, NW China
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Data from: Temporal dynamics of encrusting communities during the Late Devonian: a case study from the Central Devonian Field, Russia
In this study we focused on the dynamics of encrusting assemblages preserved on brachiopod hosts collected from upper Frasnian and lower Famennian deposits of the Central Devonian Field, Russia. Because the encrusted brachiopods come from deposits bracketing the Frasnian/Famennian (F/F) boundary, the results also shed some light on ecological differences in encrusting communities before and after the Frasnian–Famennian (F-F) event. To explore the diversity dynamics of encrusting assemblages, we analyzed more than 1300 brachiopod valves (substrates) from two localities. Taxon accumulation plots and shareholder quorum subsampling (SQS) routines indicated that a reasonably small sample of brachiopod host valves (n=50) is sufficient to capture the majority of the encrusting genera recorded at a given site. The richness of encrusters per substrate declined simultaneously with the number of encrusting taxa in the lower Famennian, accompanied by a decrease in epibiont abundance, with a comparable decrease in mean encrustation intensity (percentage of bioclasts encrusted by one or more epibionts). Epibiont abundance and occupancy roughly mirror each other. Strikingly, few ecological characteristics are correlated with substrate size, possibly reflecting random settlement of larvae. Evenness, which is negatively correlated with substrate size, shows greater within-stage variability among samples than between Frasnian and Famennian intervals and may indicate the instability of early Famennian biocenoses following the faunal turnover. The occurrence distribution of encrusters points to nonrandom associations and exclusions among several encrusting taxa. However, abundance and occupancy of microconchids remained relatively stable throughout the sampled time interval. The notable decline in abundance (~60%) and relatively minor decline in diversity (~30%) suggest jointly that encrusting communities experienced ecological collapse rather than a major mass extinction event. The differences between the upper Frasnian and lower Famennian encrusting assemblages may thus record a turnover associated with the F-F event.
Data from: An exceptionally preserved Late Devonian actinopterygian provides a new model for primitive cranial anatomy in ray-finned fishes
Actinopterygians (ray-finned fishes) are the most diverse living osteichthyan (bony vertebrate) group, with a rich fossil record. However, details of their earliest history during the middle Palaeozoic (Devonian) 'Age of Fishes' remains sketchy. This stems from an uneven understanding of anatomy in early actinopterygians, with a few well-known species dominating perceptions of primitive conditions. Here we present an exceptionally preserved ray-finned fish from the Late Devonian (Middle Frasnian, ca 373 Ma) of Pas-de-Calais, northern France. This new genus is represented by a single, three-dimensionally preserved skull. CT scanning reveals the presence of an almost complete braincase along with near-fully articulated mandibular, hyoid and gill arches. The neurocranium differs from the coeval Mimipiscis in displaying a short aortic canal with a distinct posterior notch, long grooves for the lateral dorsal aortae, large vestibular fontanelles and a broad postorbital process. Identification of similar but previously unrecognized features in other Devonian actinopterygians suggests that aspects of braincase anatomy in Mimipiscis are apomorphic, questioning its ubiquity as stand-in for generalized actinopterygian conditions. However, the gill skeleton of the new form broadly corresponds to that of Mimipiscis, and adds to an emerging picture of primitive branchial architecture in crown gnathostomes. The new genus is recovered in a polytomy with Mimiidae and a subset of Devonian and stratigraphically younger actinopterygians, with no support found for a monophyletic grouping of Moythomasia with Mimiidae.
FIGURE 5 in A new Trimerocephalus species (Trilobita, Phacopidae) from the Late Devonian (Early Famennian) of Poland
FIGURE 5. Graphical representation of the seven distinct size categories within meraspid degrees M9 and M10 of Trimerocephalus chopini n. sp., based on measurements of hundreds of queue specimens from Kowala Quarry (see Radwański et al., 2009). Meraspides are shown in dorsal view.
FIGURE 2 in A new Trimerocephalus species (Trilobita, Phacopidae) from the Late Devonian (Early Famennian) of Poland
FIGURE 2. Partially complete meraspis (degree M10; librigenae absent) of Trimerocephalus chopini n. sp. from Early Famennian marly shales at Kowala Quarry, Holy Cross Mountains, central Poland. A and B: Dorsal and oblique lateral views, respectively. C: Enlargement of pygidium.
FIGURE 3 in A new Trimerocephalus species (Trilobita, Phacopidae) from the Late Devonian (Early Famennian) of Poland
FIGURE 3. Meraspides (degrees M8-M10) of Trimerocephalus chopini n. sp. from Early Famennian marly shales at Kowala Quarry, Holy Cross Mountains, central Poland. A: Incomplete, exfoliated, dorso-laterally deformed meraspis M8 in dorsal view (pygidium is absent). B: Almost complete meraspis M9 in dorsal view (pygidium is not intact). C: Complete, slightly deformed meraspis M8 with partially visible pygidium, in dorsal view. D and E: Nearly complete, slightly deformed meraspis M10 (librigenae absent) in oblique posterior and dorsal views, respectively. F: Incomplete and dorsally deformed meraspis M10 (holotype; ZPAL Tr.8/12.02.79) in dorsal view (pygidium absent).
FIGURE 1. A in A new Trimerocephalus species (Trilobita, Phacopidae) from the Late Devonian (Early Famennian) of Poland
FIGURE 1. A: Map of Poland with the location of the Holy Cross Mountains region (grey rectangle). B: Generalised geologic map of the Holy Cross Mountains region and the location of Kowala Quarry (black arrow). C: Map of Kowala Quarry with the location of the studied section exposed in the western part of the northern quarry wall indicated by the black arrow.
FIGURE 4 in A new Trimerocephalus species (Trilobita, Phacopidae) from the Late Devonian (Early Famennian) of Poland
FIGURE 4. Almost complete internal mould of a holaspid(?) cephalon of Trimerocephalus chopini n. sp. from Early Famennian marly shales at Kowala Quarry, Holy Cross Mountains, central Poland. A–C: Dorsal, anterior and lateral views, respectively. D: Oblique ventral view showing vincular furrow. E: Details of weakly crenulated genal part of vincular furrow, with white arrows indicating shallow pits.
FIGURE 6 in A new Trimerocephalus species (Trilobita, Phacopidae) from the Late Devonian (Early Famennian) of Poland
FIGURE 6. Bivariate plot of cephalic length (mm) versus width (mm) in meraspid degrees M9 and M10 of Trimerocephalus chopini n. sp. Presented data include only complete, undeformed specimens from the queues (see Radwański et al., 2009).
FIGURE 4 in Late Devonian-early Carboniferous bryozoans from Zhankurgan (Greater Karatau, Kazakhstan)-taxonomy and palaeobiogeographical implications
FIGURE 4. Primorella zhankurganica sp. nov. SibGIU 12/28: A. Fragments of bryozoan colonies in the rock; B. tangential section showing abundant aktinotostyles between apertures (arrow); C, D. longitudinal section showing structure of aktinotostyles (arrow); SibGIU 12/23.1: E. Micro-CT reconstruction through zoaria; F. Micro-CT reconstruction of colony surface.
FIGURE 3. Early-middle Famennian bryozoans from Zhankurgan outcrop. SibGIU 12 in Late Devonian-early Carboniferous bryozoans from Zhankurgan (Greater Karatau, Kazakhstan)-taxonomy and palaeobiogeographical implications
FIGURE 3. Early-middle Famennian bryozoans from Zhankurgan outcrop. SibGIU 12/25: A-E Cyphotrypa sp. A, B. transverse section; C, D. longitudinal section showing abundant diaphragms (arrow) and wall microstructure with bulges; E. tangential section. SibGIU 12/26: F, G Anomalotoechus sp. F. tangential section; G. transverse section; SibGIU 12/27: H, I Pseudobatostomella sp. H, I. longitudinal section showing short exilazooecia (arrow).
FIGURE 1 in Late Devonian-early Carboniferous bryozoans from Zhankurgan (Greater Karatau, Kazakhstan)-taxonomy and palaeobiogeographical implications
FIGURE 1. Geological sketch map of the Greater Karatau with the Zhankurgan outcrop indicated (modified after Cook et al. 2002).
FIGURE 2 in Late Devonian-early Carboniferous bryozoans from Zhankurgan (Greater Karatau, Kazakhstan)-taxonomy and palaeobiogeographical implications
FIGURE 2. Famennian-Tournaisian lithostratigraphy for north-western part of the Greater Karatau (modified after Zhemchuzhnikov et al. 2015).
Syntectonic Late Devonian terrestrial sedimentation in the southern Bonaparte Basin, Western Australia
<p>Supplementary data for a paper on "<strong><span>Syntectonic Late Devonian terrestrial sedimentation in the southern Bonaparte Basin, Western Australia"</span></strong></p>
Data from: A new actinopterygian from the Late Devonian Gogo Formation, Western Australia
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Data from: An exceptionally preserved Late Devonian actinopterygian provides a new model for primitive cranial anatomy in ray-finned fishes
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Data from: Temporal dynamics of encrusting communities during the Late Devonian: a case study from the Central Devonian Field, Russia
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Figure 2 in Quantifying scientific significance of a fossil site: the Gogo Fossil sites (Late Devonian, Western Australia) as a case study
Figure 2. Examples of Gogo fish preservation (WAM = Western Australian Museum; NMV P = Museum Victoria Palaeontology Collection). A, eubrachythoracid placoderm Mcnamaraspis kaprios, the state fossil emblem of Western Australia (WAM 86.9.676, from Long, 1995). B, The tetrapodomorph fish Gogonasus andrewsae (NMV P221807). C, the ptyctodontid placoderm Austroptyctodus gardineri which has 3 embryos preserved inside it (WAM 86.9.662). D, palatal view of the lungfish 'Chirodipterus' australis (most likely a new genus). WAM 90.10.8. Scale bars are 1 cm.
Fig. 5. Entactiniid radiolarians from the Kowala Quarry, set H−3 in Siliceous biota (radiolarians and sponges) and the Late Devonian biotic crisis: The Polish reference
Fig. 5. Entactiniid radiolarians from the Kowala Quarry, set H−3, earliest Famennian (Middle Pa. triangularis Zone), sample Kw−154, all × 150. A, D. Astroentactinia corynacantha. B, C. Trilonche assidera. E, F. Astroentactinia aff. paronae. G, H. Radiobiosphaera menneri. All SEM micrographs.
Fig. 6. Entactiniid radiolarians from the Kowala Quarry, set H−3 in Siliceous biota (radiolarians and sponges) and the Late Devonian biotic crisis: The Polish reference
Fig. 6. Entactiniid radiolarians from the Kowala Quarry, set H−3, earliest Famennian (Middle Pa. triangularis Zone), sample Kw−154, all × 150. A. Trilonche aculeatissima. B, C, E, H. Trilonche echinata. D, J.?Trilonche echinata. F, K. Trilonche cf. echinata. G.?Trilonche assidera. I. Trilonche australis. All SEM micrographs.
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