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FIGURE 4 in Pleroma goyazense (Melastomataceae), a new species from Goiás state, Brazil, and a new synonym in Pleroma

FIGURE 4. Geographic distribution of Pleroma goyazense A.I.M.R. Machado, R.Romero & P.J.F.Guim. in Goiás state, Brazil.

FIGURE 1. Pleroma goyazense A.I.M.R. Machado, R.Romero & P.J.F.Guim. A. Flowering branch. B in Pleroma goyazense (Melastomataceae), a new species from Goiás state, Brazil, and a new synonym in Pleroma

FIGURE 1. Pleroma goyazense A.I.M.R. Machado, R.Romero & P.J.F.Guim. A. Flowering branch. B. Detail of the leaf abaxial surface. C. Detail of the leaf adaxial surface. D. Hypanthium and sepals. E. Antepetalous stamen. F. Antesepalous stamen. G. Ovary apex, style and stigma. Drawn by Natanael Nascimento dos Santos from A.I.M.R. Machado et al. 15 (HUFU).

FIGURE 5. A‒E in Pleroma goyazense (Melastomataceae), a new species from Goiás state, Brazil, and a new synonym in Pleroma

FIGURE 5. A‒E. Pleroma crassirame (Cogn.) P.J.F.Guim. & Michelang. A. Shrub in cerrado rupestre in Serra dos Pireneus, Goiás, Brazil. B. Decorticant branch. C. Upper vegetative branches. C. Floral bud and bracteoles. D. Immature fruit. F‒J. Pleroma robustum (Cogn.) P.J.F.Guim. & Michelang. F. A small tree in cerrado rupestre in Serra dos Pireneus, Goiás, Brazil. G. Shrub growing over rocks in Serra dos Pireneus, Goiás, Brazil. H. Leaf blade: bullate on the adaxial surface. I. Flower in frontal view. J. Inflorescence with flower after pollination. Photos: Ana Flávia Alves Versiane.

FIGURE 3. A‒C. Pleroma goyazense A.I.M.R. Machado, R.Romero & P.J.F.Guim. A. Branch with villous indumentum. B in Pleroma goyazense (Melastomataceae), a new species from Goiás state, Brazil, and a new synonym in Pleroma

FIGURE 3. A‒C. Pleroma goyazense A.I.M.R. Machado, R.Romero & P.J.F.Guim. A. Branch with villous indumentum. B. Leaf blade: bullate-strigose on the adaxial surface. C. Leaf blade: villous-setose on the abaxial surface. D‒F. Pleroma crassirrame (Cogn.) P.J.F.Guim. & Michelang. D. Branch with villous indumentum. E. Leaf blade: bullate on the adaxial surface. F. Leaf blade: villous on the abaxial surface. G‒I. Pleroma robustum (Cogn.) P.J.F.Guim. & Michelang. G. Branch with indumentum setose. H. Leaf blade: bullate on the adaxial surface. I. Leaf blade: villous and reticulate on the abaxial surface. Photos: A‒C. W.R. Anderson 10016 (RB); D‒F. P.G. Delprete 8965 (RB) and G‒I. A. Rizzo 4067 (RB).

FIGURES 226 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURES 226. Egg cluster of Euselasia aurantia, dorso-lateral view. Note the differences in color of eggs compared with E. chrysippe and E. bettina.

FIGURES 218–225 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURES 218–225. SEM of Euselasia pupa. 218) Close-up of swollen tip of D-seta, dorsal view (E. bettina); 219) Right subdorsal portion between A4 (bottom) and A5 (top), lateral view (E. bettina); 220) Sculpturing of intersegmental membrane (tooth) on outer surface of lateral portion at right side posterior end of A5, lateral view (right = caudad) (E. chrysippe); 221) Sculpturing of intersegmental membrane (cast) on inner surface of lateral portion on right side anterior end of A6, ventral to frontal view (top = caudad) (E. chrysippe); 222) A8–10, cremaster and silk, dorsal view (E. bettina); 223) A8–10, cremaster in 'V' shape, ventral view (E. bettina); 224) A5–A10 caudal view (E. bettina); 225) Cremaster, silk strands in situ (E. bettina).

FIGURES 212–217 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURES 212–217. SEM of Euselasia pupa. 212) Thoracic spiracle between T1 (right) and T2 (left), dorsal view (E. chrysippe); 213) Surface sculpture of thoracic spiracle (E. chrysippe); 214) Mesal portion of dorsum of T3–A1 showing silk-clipper structure (silken girdle in situ) on A1 (E. bettina); 215) Cone-shaped raised base of clubbed setae; 216) Stem of D-seta on left A6, dorso-lateral view (E. chrysippe); 217) Apical area of D-seta on left A6, lateral view (E. bettina).

FIGURES 208–211 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURES 208–211. SEM of Euselasia pupa. 208) Dorsal view, (E. chrysippe); SC = silk clipper, sp = spiracle, Tsp = thoracic spiracle, tz = subdorsal triangular zone; 209) Ventral view, (E. chrysippe); An = antenna, E = eye piece (a: inner part, b: middle, c: outer), ML = mesothoracic leg, Mx = maxilla, PL = prothoracic leg, Pr = proboscis, W = wing sclerite; 210) Mouth parts, ventral view (E. chrysippe); ATP = anterior tentorial pit, Cl = clypeus, Li = labium, Lr = labrum, Ma = mandible; 211) Mouth parts, ventral view (note notch on outer lower portion of eye piece) (E. bettina), ATP? = probably anterior tentorial pit.

FIGURES 196–201 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURES 196–201. SEM of Euselasia sixth instar. 196) Pinaculum on lateral part of dorsum of abdominal segment, dorso-lateral view (right = cephalad) (E. chrysippe); 197) Anterior edge of structural color plate on right A5, right side of thickly haired area = dark-pigmented area, dorso-lateral view (right = cephalad) (E. chrysippe); 198) Dark-pigmented area contiguously with structural color plate (right = cephalad) (E. bettina); 199) Tonofibrillary platelets in darkpigmented area of structural color plate, dorso-lateral view (right = caudad) (E. chrysippe); 200) Structural color plate, lateral view (E. bettina); 201) Structural color plate surface (E. chrysippe).

FIGURE 195 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURE 195. Metallic-blue iridescence of structural color plate of an EtOH preserved E. bettina sixth instar larva, left side A6, lateral view, left = cephalad.

FIGURES 189–194 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURES 189–194. SEM of Euselasia sixth instar. 189) Left A8+9 spiracle and spiracular spherical organs surrounding spiracle (top = caudad, right = ventral) (E. chrysippe); 190) Spiracular spherical organs, posterior lower corner of spiracle in figure 189; 191) dark-brown dorsal seta of left A5, lateral view (E. chrysippe); 192) L-group on lateral lobe; 193) L-group white non-plumose seta; 194) L-group white plumose seta (E. bettina).

FIGURES 183–188 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURES 183–188. SEM of Euselasia sixth instar. 183) SV-group and spherical organs on right side T1, lateral view (E. chrysippe); 184) Raised PCOs surrounding spiracle of left A5, lateral view (right = caudad) (E. chrysippe); 185) Raised PCO of figure 184; 186) Sunken PCOs surrounding and spherical organs near left A7 spiracle, lateral view (bottom = caudad, right = dorsal) (E. chrysippe); 187) Sunken PCO (E. bettina); 188) Spherical organ near A7 spiracle (E. chrysippe).

FIGURES 177–182 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURES 177–182. SEM of Euselasia sixth instar. 177) Spatulate-tipped setae on right T2 leg, ventral view (E. chrysippe); 178) Spatulate-tipped setae on tibia of right T1 leg, ventral view (E. chrysippe); 179) Spatulate-tipped setae on tibia of right T1 leg, ventro-lateral view (E. chrysippe); 180) Ventral surface of spatulate-tipped setae on tibia of left T2 leg (E. chrysippe); 181) Dorsal surface of spatulate-tipped setae on tibia of T1 leg (E. bettina); 182) Spatulate-tipped setae on tibia and femur of right T3 leg, ventral view (note spatulate-tipped setae on femur having sharply pointed apex) (E. bettina).

FIGURES 165–170 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURES 165–170. SEM of Euselasia sixth instar. 165) Head, frontal-ventral view (E. bettina); 166) Head, latero-frontal view (E. bettina); 167) Head, ventral view (E. bettina); 168) Oral area showing spinneret and maxillary palpus (E. bettina); 169) Left antenna showing sensillar arrangement, frontal view (E. bettina); 170) Left maxillary palpus showing sensillar arrangement (E. chrysippe).

FIGURES 159–164 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURES 159–164. SEM of Euselasia sixth instar. 159) Labrum, inner surface (E. chrysippe); 160) Labrum, inner surface (E. bettina); 161) Frons showing arrowhead setae, cupola organs, and other setae, fronto-ventral view (E. chrysippe); 162) Left side frons showing adfrontal suture area and arrowhead setae, cupola organ, and other setae, frontolateral view; 163) Arrowhead setae of figure 161 (E. chrysippe); 164) Arrowhead setae of figure 162 (E. bettina).

FIGURES 122–127 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURES 122–127. SEM of Euselasia first instar. 122) Flat setae (FS) and prolegs, ventro-lateral view (E. chrysippe); 123) Flat seta (FS) and V-group on T3–A2, ventral view (E. bettina); 124) Prolegs and SV-group on A3, ventro-lateral view (E. chrysippe); 125) Arrangement of crochets on right side of A5 proleg, ventral view, lateroseries on top (E. chrysippe); 126) Crochets on left side of A5 proleg, ventro-lateral view, lateroseries on top (E. chrysippe); 127) L-group, flat setae, and spherical organ (SO) on left side A8+9, and spherical organ (SO) on A10 proleg, ventral view (E. chrysippe).

FIGURE 91 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURE 91. Chaetotaxy of anal plate of first instar larva of Euselasia chrysippe and E. bettina (caudal view). CO = cupola organ.

FIGURES 140–145 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURES 140–145. SEM of E. chrysippe second instar. 140) Arrangement of D-group on T3–A2, dorsal view; 141) PCOs contiguous to spiracles on A6–7, lateral view; 142) spherical organs (SO) and circular tablet organs (CTOs) on right side of A8+9–A10, lateral view; 143) Anal plate showing setal arrangement and circular tablet organs (CTOs) (circular tablet organ replaced with a seta = arrow, and left end circular tablet organ missing), dorso-caudal view; 144) Cupola organ (CO) on anal plate and spherical organs (SO) on proleg on right side A10, dorso-lateral view; 145) Flat seta (FS) on A8–9 and claw-shaped setae (CS) between A10 prolegs, ventral view.

FIGURES 60–67 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURES 60–67. Life history of E. bettina. 60) Old feeding damages made by early instars; 61) Late stage second instar feeding, dorsal view; 62) Mid-stage third instar resting, dorsal view; 63) Pre-molting stage third instar and several recently molted fourth instar (darker individuals), arrows pointing at adhered molted larval skins; 64) Late stage fourth instar, dorsal view; 65) Late stage fourth instar showing S-shaped behavior, dorsal view; 66) early stage fifth instar showing S-shaped behavior, dorsal view; 67) Late stage fifth instar resting on young leaves, dorsal view.

FIGURES 51–59 in Description of the immature stages and life history of Euselasia (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) on Miconia (Melastomataceae) in Costa Rica 2466

FIGURES 51–59. Life history of E. bettina. 51) M. calvescens (7.0–8.0 m tall) along trail at Laguna de Hule habitat. Arrows show area where a group of larvae was found; 52) Cluster of eggs, dorsal view; 53) Eggs, lateral view; 54) Detached eggs showing stalk, lateral view; 55) Cluster of eggs parasitized by a species of Aphelinidae, dorsal view; 56) Close-up view of upper right area of figure 55 (note two un-parasitized eggs); 57) Early stage first instar larvae forming procession, dorsal view, (note remains of egg shells; 58) First instar feeding, close-up dorsal view; 59) Pre-molting stage first instar, dorsal view.