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158 results for “Metacommunities”
Data from: Spatial averaging and disturbance lead to high productivity in aquatic metacommunities
Dispersal in heterogeneous ecosystems, such as coastal metacommunities, is a major driver of diversity and productivity. According to theory, both species richness and spatial averaging shape a unimodal relationship of productivity with dispersal. We experimentally tested the hypothesis that disturbances acting on local patches would buffer the loss of productivity at high dispersal by preventing synchronized species oscillations. To simulate these disturbances, our experimental assemblages involved species that self-organized in isolation under three inflow pulsing frequencies, where hydraulic displacement and nutrient loading affected assemblage diversity and composition. At steady-state, the emerging isolated assemblages were connected at three levels of dispersal creating three metacommunities of different connectivity. Consistent with theory, as dispersal increased, species richness in the metacommunity declined; productivity however remained high. This occurred because the most productive species in our study (which dominated the isolated patch of intermediate inflow pulsing frequency) dominated all three patches (low, intermediate and high inflow pulsing frequencies) after dispersal commenced in our metacommunities. This experimental result provides empirical support for the mechanism of spatial averaging. Furthermore, disturbances, in the form of localized pulsed inflows, prevented population oscillation synchrony caused by homogenization. Overall, our observations suggest that localized environmental fluctuations and the identity of species seem to be more influential than dispersal in shaping the diversity and composition of phytoplankton assemblages and stabilizing productivity.
Data from: Elements of metacommunity structure of diatoms and macroinvertebrates within stream networks differing in environmental heterogeneity
<p><strong>Aim:</strong> Idealized metacommunity structures (i.e. checkerboard, random, quasi-structures, nested, Clementsian, Gleasonian, and evenly spaced) have recently gained increasing attention, but their relationships with environmental heterogeneity and how they vary with organism groups remain poorly understood. Here we tested two main hypotheses: (1) gradient-driven patterns (Clementsian and Gleasonian) occur frequently in heterogeneous environments, and (2) small organisms (here, diatoms) are more likely to exhibit gradient-driven patterns than large organisms (here, macroinvertebrates).</p> <p><strong>Location:</strong> Streams in three regions in China.</p> <p><strong>Taxon:</strong> Diatoms and macroinvertebrates.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> The stream diatom and macroinvertebrate data, as well as the environmental data collected from the same set of sites were used to examine the idealized metacommunity structures via the elements of the metacommunity structure (EMS; coherence, turnover, and boundary clumping) analysis in three regions. We extended the traditional EMS approach by ordering sites along known environmental gradients.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that Clementsian structure with high degrees of coherence and turnover, and significantly positive clumping was typically observed in the high-heterogeneity regions, whereas randomness was prevalent in the low-heterogeneity region. Macroinvertebrates exhibited clearer Clementsian structures compared with diatoms, while diatoms showed more randomness compared with macroinvertebrates, indicating a stronger role of environmental filtering for macroinvertebrates than diatoms. In most cases, the results of the more novel EMS approach differed from the results of the traditional EMS technique.</p> <p><strong>Main Conclusions:</strong> Our results suggested that the occurrence of different metacommunity structures may be related with the degree of regional environmental heterogeneity. However, diatom metacommunities were more random than those of macroinvertebrate, and such an unexpected result may result from different dispersal abilities between the two organism groups. In addition, we found that the novel EMS approach increased power in discerning metacommunity structure in comparison to the traditional EMS technique.</p>
Data from: Spatial insurance in multi-trophic metacommunities
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Data from: Beyond a single patch: local and regional processes explain diversity patterns in a seagrass epifaunal metacommunity
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Data from: Community rescue in experimental metacommunities
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Data from: Predator identity influences metacommunity assembly
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Data from: Resource stoichiometry and consumers control the biodiversity-productivity relationship in pelagic metacommunities
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Data from: Elements of metacommunity structure of diatoms and macroinvertebrates within stream networks differing in environmental heterogeneity
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Data from: Dispersal promotes compensatory dynamics and stability in forced metacommunities
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Data from: Evolution of resource specialisation in competitive metacommunities
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Data from: Eco-evolutionary dynamics in metacommunities: ecological inheritance, helping within species, and harming between species
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Data from: Condition-dependent movement and dispersal in experimental metacommunities
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Data from: Metacommunity structure of stream insects across three hierarchical spatial scales
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Data from: Spatial averaging and disturbance lead to high productivity in aquatic metacommunities
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Fig. 4 in Fish metacommunity structure in Caño Maraca, an important nursery habitat in the Western Llanos of Venezuela
Fig. 4. Summary of species present at Caño Maraca survey sites during dry and wet seasons.
Data from: An integrative framework of coexistence mechanisms in competitive metacommunities
Species distribution in a metacommunity varies according to their traits, the distribution of environmental conditions and connectivity among localities. These ingredients contribute to coexistence across spatial scales via species sorting, patch dynamics, mass effects and neutral dynamics. These mechanisms however seldom act in isolation and the impact of landscape configuration on their relative importance remains poorly understood. We present a new model of metacommunity dynamics that simultaneously considers these four possible mechanisms over spatially explicit landscapes and propose a statistical approach to partition their contribution to species distribution. We find that landscape configuration can induce dispersal limitations that have negative consequences for local species richness. This result was more pronounced with neutral dynamics and mass effect than with species sorting or patch dynamics. We also find that the relative importance of the four mechanisms varies not only among landscape configurations, but also among species, with some species being mostly constrained by dispersal and/or drift and others by sorting. Changes in landscape properties might lead to a shift in coexistence mechanisms and, by extension, to a change in community composition. This confirms the importance of considering landscape properties for conservation and management. Our results illustrate the idea that ecological communities are the results of multiple mechanisms acting at the same time and complete our understanding of spatial processes in competitive metacommunities.
Data from: Onshore-offshore gradient in metacommunity turnover emerges only over macroevolutionary time scales
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Data from: An integrative framework of coexistence mechanisms in competitive metacommunities
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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