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FIGURE 10 in New species of heterostigmatic mites (Acari: Heterostigmata: Athyreacaridae, Dolichocybidae, Pygmephoridae) associated with scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae, Scarabaeidae) from Brazil

FIGURE 10. DIC micrographs of Pavania neotropica sp. nov., female: A—general view dorsally, B—general view ventrally, C—gnathosoma and podosoma in dorsal view, D—gnathosoma and podosoma in ventral view.

FIGURE 9 in New species of heterostigmatic mites (Acari: Heterostigmata: Athyreacaridae, Dolichocybidae, Pygmephoridae) associated with scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae, Scarabaeidae) from Brazil

FIGURE 9. Pavania neotropica sp. nov., female: A—left leg III in dorsal view, B—left leg IV in dorsal view.

FIGURE 8 in New species of heterostigmatic mites (Acari: Heterostigmata: Athyreacaridae, Dolichocybidae, Pygmephoridae) associated with scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae, Scarabaeidae) from Brazil

FIGURE 8. Pavania neotropica sp. nov., female: A—left leg I in dorsal view, B—left leg II in dorsal view.

FIGURE 13 in New species of heterostigmatic mites (Acari: Heterostigmata: Athyreacaridae, Dolichocybidae, Pygmephoridae) associated with scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae, Scarabaeidae) from Brazil

FIGURE 13. Spatulaphorus brasiliensis sp. nov., female: A—right leg III in dorsal view, B—right leg IV in dorsal view.

FIGURE 12 in New species of heterostigmatic mites (Acari: Heterostigmata: Athyreacaridae, Dolichocybidae, Pygmephoridae) associated with scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae, Scarabaeidae) from Brazil

FIGURE 12. Spatulaphorus brasiliensis sp. nov., female: A—right leg I in dorsal view, B—right leg II in dorsal view.

Fig. 4 in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Microscopy of The Internal Structure of the Carrion Rolling Scarab Canthon cyanellus cyanellus (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)

Fig. 4. Two-dimensional surface reconstruction of gradient echo images of Canthon cyanellus cyanellus adult males. a) Young male; b) mature unmated male; c) mature mated: (1) gut; (2) pygidial glands; (3) phallobase; (4) parameres; (5) genital chamber.

Fig. 2 in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Microscopy of The Internal Structure of the Carrion Rolling Scarab Canthon cyanellus cyanellus (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)

Fig. 2. Two-dimensional slices of a mature female imaged with NMR microscopy. The sequence (a–f) goes from ventral region to dorsum; median longitudinal slices (d) of the specimens analyzed are presented in this paper: (1) gut; (2) pygidial glands; (3) egg.

Fig. 1. A in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Microscopy of The Internal Structure of the Carrion Rolling Scarab Canthon cyanellus cyanellus (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)

Fig. 1. A) Canthon cyanellus cyanellus, a carrion rolling beetle; B) schematic diagram of beetle orientation in relation to the static magnetic field.

Fig. 3 in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Microscopy of The Internal Structure of the Carrion Rolling Scarab Canthon cyanellus cyanellus (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)

Fig. 3. Two-dimensional surface reconstruction of gradient echo images of Canthon cyanellus cyanellus adult females. a) Immature female; b) mature female mated 24 h before the NMR experiment; c) mature female mated some days before; d) female with an egg ready to be deposed in the brood ball; e) old female; f) female that had died recently: (1) gut; (2) pygidial glands; (3) ovum; (4) spermatophore; (5) egg.

Figs. 41– 46. Reserva Ducke dung beetles. 41 in The Dung- and Carrion-Feeding Scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) of an Amazonian Blackwater Rainforest: Results of a Continuous, 56-Week, Baited-PitfallTrap Study

Figs. 41– 46. Reserva Ducke dung beetles. 41) Deltochilum carinatum. Photograph by Jim McClarin; 42) Deltochilum septemstriatum. Photograph by Denis Faure; 43) Deltochilum pseudoicarus. Photograph by Trond Larsen; 44) Ateuchus sp. Photograph by Jim McClarin; 45) Canthidium bicolor with phoretic mite. Photograph by Trond Larsen; 46) Canthidium gerstaeckeri. Photograph by Trond Larsen. All images used by permission.

Figs. 35–40. Reserva Ducke dung beetles. 35 in The Dung- and Carrion-Feeding Scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) of an Amazonian Blackwater Rainforest: Results of a Continuous, 56-Week, Baited-PitfallTrap Study

Figs. 35–40. Reserva Ducke dung beetles. 35) Onthophagus bidentatus. Photograph by Denis Faure; 36) Onthophagus rubrescens. Photograph by Trond Larsen; 37) Eurysternus caribaeus. Photograph by Trond Larsen; 38) Canthon quadriguttatus rolling a small piece of howler dung spattered on a leaf about 1 m above the ground. Photograph by Trond Larsen; 39) Canthon triangularis. Photograph by Trond Larsen; 40) Cryptocanthon peckorum. Photograph by Trond Larsen. All images used by permission.

Figs. 32–34. Trap efficiency. 32 in The Dung- and Carrion-Feeding Scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) of an Amazonian Blackwater Rainforest: Results of a Continuous, 56-Week, Baited-PitfallTrap Study

Figs. 32–34. Trap efficiency. 32) Quantity. Light-colored bars represent realized number of scarabaeoids taken in each trap expressed as a mean percentage for the bait type and preservative compared to the expected catch (= the mean percentage of all traps with that bait type and preservative (100%)). Dark-colored bars represent realized number of scarabaeoids taken in each trap expressed as a mean percentage for bait type only compared to the expected catch (the mean percentage of all traps with that bait type (100%)) if all variables between traps were equal. Nearly all of the traps performed well with the exceptions of traps 3 and 15 (dung) and 19 and 20 (carrion); 33) Species richness. Light-colored bars represent realized number of scarabaeoid species taken in each trap expressed as a mean percentage for the bait type and preservative compared to the expected catch. Dark-colored bars represent realized number of species taken in each trap expressed as a mean percentage for bait type only compared to the expected catch if all variables between traps were equal. Nearly all of the traps performed equally well; 34) Richness of only the "common" scarabaeoid species. Light-colored bars represent realized number of "common species" (those in excess of 0.005% of the total number of individuals) taken in each trap expressed as a mean percentage for the bait type and preservative compared to the expected catch. Dark-colored bars represent realized number of "common species" taken in each trap expressed as a mean percentage for only the bait type compared to the expected catch if all variables between traps were equal. Nearly all of the traps performed equally well in capturing the "common species".

Figs. 47–52. Reserva Ducke dung beetles. 47 in The Dung- and Carrion-Feeding Scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) of an Amazonian Blackwater Rainforest: Results of a Continuous, 56-Week, Baited-PitfallTrap Study

Figs. 47–52. Reserva Ducke dung beetles. 47) Dichotomius boreus. Photograph by Trond Larsen; 48) Dichotomius mamillatus. Photograph by Trond Larsen; 49) Uroxys pygmaeus. Photograph by Trond Larsen; 50) Coprophanaeus lancifer. Photograph by Trond Larsen; 51) Oxysternon conspicillatum. Photograph by Doug Emlen and Mark Rowland; 52) Phanaeus chalcomelas. Photograph by Trond Larsen. All images used by permission.

Figs. 30–31 in The Dung- and Carrion-Feeding Scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) of an Amazonian Blackwater Rainforest: Results of a Continuous, 56-Week, Baited-PitfallTrap Study

Figs. 30–31. Increase by week in number of scarabaeoid species collected in 30) dung- and 31) carrion-baited pitfall traps with chloral hydrate (red line) or picric acid (blue line) solutions.

Figs. 28–29 in The Dung- and Carrion-Feeding Scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) of an Amazonian Blackwater Rainforest: Results of a Continuous, 56-Week, Baited-PitfallTrap Study

Figs. 28–29. Species accumulation curves for scarabaeoids in dung- (blue line) and carrion-baited (red line) pitfall traps at Reserva Ducke from September 1977 to October 1978. 28) Increase by week in number of species collected. The last new species to enter a dung trap was in week 48, and the last new species to enter a carrion trap was week 53; 29) Percentage increase by week in number of species collected. At week 16 (27 December), less than 80% of the species ultimately collected had been taken.

Figs. 26–27 in The Dung- and Carrion-Feeding Scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) of an Amazonian Blackwater Rainforest: Results of a Continuous, 56-Week, Baited-PitfallTrap Study

Figs. 26–27. Number of scarabaeoid species collected per week at Reserva Ducke from September 1977 to October 1978 in 26) dung-baited and 27) carrion-baited pitfall traps with chloral hydrate (red line) or picric acid (blue line) solutions.

Figs. 22–23 in The Dung- and Carrion-Feeding Scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) of an Amazonian Blackwater Rainforest: Results of a Continuous, 56-Week, Baited-PitfallTrap Study

Figs. 22–23. Number of scarabaeoid species collected in dung- and carrion-baited traps at Reserva Ducke from September 1977 to October 1978. 22) Total number of scarabaeoid species per week in all traps; 23) Mean number of species in all traps per month (red line) and mean monthly precipitation (blue line).

Fig. 21 in The Dung- and Carrion-Feeding Scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) of an Amazonian Blackwater Rainforest: Results of a Continuous, 56-Week, Baited-PitfallTrap Study

Fig. 21. Number of individuals per week in carrion-baited traps containing chloral hydrate (red line) or picric acid

Fig. 19 in The Dung- and Carrion-Feeding Scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) of an Amazonian Blackwater Rainforest: Results of a Continuous, 56-Week, Baited-PitfallTrap Study

Fig. 19. Number of scarabaeoids per week in ten traps baited with dung (blue line) and ten traps baited with carrion

Fig. 18 in The Dung- and Carrion-Feeding Scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) of an Amazonian Blackwater Rainforest: Results of a Continuous, 56-Week, Baited-PitfallTrap Study

Fig. 18. Total number of scarabaeoids in all traps by week (solid red line), mean number of individuals per trap by month (bars), and mean monthly precipitation (dashed blue line) at Reserva Ducke from September 1977 to October 1978.