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Fig. 14 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)

Fig. 14. Libitioides albolineata (Sørensen, 1884), ♂ (USNMENT 01538062) from Palmyra, Virginia. a. Dorsal view of body. b. Left femur and trochanter IV, dorsal view. c. Left metatarsus and tarsomeres of leg I, lateral view. d. Left chelicera dorsal view. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 15 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)

Fig. 15. Libitioides albolineata (Sørensen, 1884) (USNMENT 0153862) from Palmyra, Virginia. a. Male, habitus, dorsal view. b. Same, sinistrolateral view. c. Same, frontal view. d. Same, ventral view. e. Same, panoramic, dorsal view. f. Female, habitus, dorsal view (USNMENT 0153862). Scale bars: a–c = 1 mm; d–f = 2 mm.

Fig. 13 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)

Fig. 13. Southeastern USA, marked with abbreviations of American states, showing the distribution of the five species of Libitioides Roewer, 1912 as proposed in this paper.

Fig. 7 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)

Fig. 7. Southeastern USA, showing the contrasting occurrences of prevailing body color backgrounds in the four morphs B/C/D/E of Libitioides Roewer, 1912.

Fig. 6 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)

Fig. 6. Schemes of scutal yellow markings and other features diagnosing the morphs discussed herein. a. Morph A: Libitioides ornata (Say, 1821). b. Morph B: "clean" Libitioides sayi (Simon, 1879). c. Morph C: Libitioides sayi, striped Texan morph "depressa". d. Morph D: Libitioides albolineata (Sørensen, 1884). e. Morph E: "yellow Libitioides albolineata".

Fig. 11 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)

Fig. 11. Southeastern USA, showing the contrasting conformations of the ribs in the four morphs B/C/ D/E of Libitioides Roewer, 1912.

Fig. 10 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)

Fig. 10. Southeastern USA, showing the contrasting conformations of the omega stripe in the four morphs B/C/D/E of Libitioides Roewer, 1912.

Fig. 9 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)

Fig. 9. Southeastern USA, showing the contrasting conformations of the backbone in the four morphs B/C/D/E of Libitioides Roewer, 1912.

Fig. 22 in Once upon a time in America: recognition of the species of Libitioides from USA, with comments on other American Cosmetidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)

Fig. 22. Libitioides sayi (Simon, 1879), ♂ (MNRJ 58916) from Lake Kirby, Texas, distal part of penis. a. Panoramic dorsal view. b. Ventral view. c. Detail of glans, dextrolateral view. d. Apical view. Scale bars: a = 100 μm; b, d = 50 μm; c = 40 μm.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2023View details →

Data from: Automatic patient-level recognition of four Plasmodium species on thin blood smear by a Real Time Detector Transformer (RT-DETR) object detection algorithm: a proof-of-concept and evaluation

Automatic patient-level recognition of four Plasmodium species on thin blood smear by a Real Time Dectector Transformer (RT-DETR) object detection algorithm: a proof-of-concept and evaluation Emilie Guemas, Baptiste Routier, Théo Ghelfenstein-Ferreira, Camille Cordier, Sophie Hartuis, Bénédicte Marion, Sébastien Bertout, Emmanuelle Varlet-Marie, Damien Costa, Grégoire Pasquier Abstract: Malaria remains a global health problem with 247 million cases and 619,000 deaths in 2021. Diagnostic of Plasmodium species is important for administering the appropriate treatment. The gold-standard diagnosis from accurate species identification remains the thin blood smear. Nevertheless, this method is time-consuming and requires highly skilled and trained microscopists. To overcome these issues, new diagnostic tools based on deep learning are emerging. This study aimed to evaluate the performances of a RT-DETR (Real-Time Detection Transformer)object detection algorithm to discriminate Plasmodium species on thin blood smears images. The algorithm was trained and validated on a dataset consisting in 24,720 images from 475 thin blood smears corresponding to 2,002,597 labels. Performances were calculated with a test dataset of 4,508 images from 170 smears corresponding to 358,825labels coming from six French university hospital. At the patient level, the RT-DETR algorithm exhibited an overall accuracy of 79.4% (135/170) with a recall of 74% (40/54) and 81.9% (95/116) for negative and positive smears, respectively. Among Plasmodium positive smears, the global sensitivity was 82.7% (91/110) with a sensitivity of 90% (38/42), 81.8% (18/22) and 76.1% (35/46) for P. falciparum, P. malariae and P. ovale/vivax, respectively. The YOLOv5 model achieved a World Health Organization (WHO) competence level 2 for species identification. Besides, the RT-DETR algorithm may be run in real-time on low-cost devices such as a smartphone and could be suitable for deployment in low-resource setting areas where microscopy experts are lacking. Data collection: The training and validation dataset included 24,720 pictures taken from 475 manually May Grunwald-Giemsa (MGG)-stained thin blood smears from the Montpellier University Hospital collection and for a smaller part from the Toulouse University Hospital collection. In Montpellier, the pictures were taken with a Flexcam C1 microscope camera (Leica) attached to a Leica DM 2000 microscope and Leica DF450C microscope camera adapted with a Leica DM2500 microscope at X1000 magnification. Labelling of pictures was performed manually, and then automatically with manual correction with a Computer Visual Annotation Tools (CVAT) free software. Nine categories of labels were used: white blood cells (n=3,338), red blood cells (n=1,887,781), platelets (n=48,520), Trypanosoma brucei (n=2,773), and red blood cells infected by P. falciparum (n=43,545), P. ovale (n=4,651), P. vivax (n=4,115), P. malariae (n=2,849) and Babesia divergens (n=5,142). The test dataset included 4,508 pictures taken from 170 thin blood smears from the same number of patients from the Parasitology laboratories of University Hospitals of Montpellier, Toulouse, Rouen, Lille, Nantes and Saint-Louis in Paris (Table 1). Among these 170 patients, 54 were not infected, including two patients with Howell-Jolly bodies, and 116 were infected with hematozoa. For each patient, between 20 and 30 photos were taken from one thin blood smear with at least one hematozoan parasite per picture for infected patients. Accurate species diagnostic was made by a senior parasitologist, and for recent smears, it was confirmed by specific PCR, either performed locally (Toulouse) or at the Malaria French National Reference Center (Montpellier, Saint Louis, Rouen, Lille, Nantes).

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Rapid resource depletion on coral reefs disrupts competitor recognition processes among butterflyfish species

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

publicDec 2022View details →

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2009View details →

Figure 5. Dorsal habitus, P in The Platycerus (Coleoptera, Lucanidae) of California, with the recognition of Platycerus cribripennis Van Dyke as a valid species

Figure 5. Dorsal habitus, P. oregonensis male.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2009View details →

Figure 4. Dorsal habitus, P in The Platycerus (Coleoptera, Lucanidae) of California, with the recognition of Platycerus cribripennis Van Dyke as a valid species

Figure 4. Dorsal habitus, P. marginalis male.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2009View details →

Figure 3. Dorsal habitus, P in The Platycerus (Coleoptera, Lucanidae) of California, with the recognition of Platycerus cribripennis Van Dyke as a valid species

Figure 3. Dorsal habitus, P. cribripennis male.

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Data from: Recognition of endophytic Trichoderma species by leaf-cutting ants and their potential in a Trojan-horse management strategy

Interactions between leaf-cutting ants, their fungal symbiont (Leucoagaricus) and the endophytic fungi within the vegetation they carry into their colonies are still poorly understood. If endophytes antagonistic to Leucoagaricus were found in plant material being carried by these ants, then this might indicate a potential mechanism for plants to defend themselves from leaf-cutter attack. In addition, it could offer possibilities for the management of these important Neotropical pests. Here, we show that, for Atta sexdens rubropilosa, there was a significantly greater incidence of Trichoderma species in the vegetation removed from the nests—and deposited around the entrances—than in that being transported into the nests. In a no-choice test, Trichoderma-infested rice was taken into the nest, with deleterious effects on both the fungal gardens and ant survival. The endophytic ability of selected strains of Trichoderma was also confirmed, following their inoculation and subsequent reisolation from seedlings of eucalyptus. These results indicate that endophytic fungi which pose a threat to ant fungal gardens through their antagonistic traits, such as Trichoderma, have the potential to act as bodyguards of their plant hosts and thus might be employed in a Trojan-horse strategy to mitigate the negative impact of leaf-cutting ants in both agriculture and silviculture in the Neotropics. We posit that the ants would detect and evict such 'malign' endophytes—artificially inoculated into vulnerable crops—during the quality-control process within the nest, and, moreover, that the foraging ants may then be deterred from further harvesting of 'Trichoderma-enriched' plants.

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2012View details →

Figure 35 in A preliminary report on the World species of Bemisia Quaintance and Baker and its congeners (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) with a comparative analysis of morphological variation and its role in the recognition of species Raymond Gill

Figure 35. Paratype, Bemisia rosae Danzig, 25 km s/o Orapa?, 10-VI-78, ex: rose, E. Danzig, coll.

opencc-by-4.0May 2012View details →

Fig. 2 in Cephalic labial gland secretions of males as species recognition signals in bumblebees: are there really geographical variations in the secretions of the Bombus terrestris subspecies? (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombus)

Fig. 2: Legends on p. 106

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Alternative reproductive tactics in male freshwater fish influence the accuracy of species recognition

Sexual conflict can result in coercive mating. Because males bear low costs of heterospecific mating, coercive males may engage in misdirected mating attempts toward heterospecific females. In contrast, sexual selection through consensual mate choice can cause mate recognition cues among species to diverge, leading to more accurate species recognition. Some species show both coercive mating and mate choice–associated courtship behaviors as male alternative reproductive tactics. We hypothesized that if the selection pressures on each tactic differ, then the accuracy of species recognition would also change depending on the mating tactic adopted. We tested this hypothesis in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata) and mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) by a series of choice experiments. Poecilia reticulata and G. affinis males both showed imperfect species recognition and directed all components of mating behavior towards heterospecific females. They tended to direct courtship displays more frequently towards conspecific than heterospecific females. With male P. reticulata, however, accurate species recognition disappeared when they attempted coercive copulation: they directed coercions more frequently towards heterospecific females. We also found that heterospecific sexual interaction had little effect on the fecundity of gravid females, which suggests that pre-pregnancy interactions likely underpin the exclusion of G. affinis by P. reticulata in our region.

opencc-zeroFeb 2022View details →

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Data from: Species recognition limits mating between hybridizing ant species

Identifying mechanisms limiting hybridization is a central goal of speciation research. Here, we studied pre-mating and post-mating barriers to hybridization between two ant species, Formica selysi and Formica cinerea. These species hybridize in the Rhône valley in Switzerland, where they form a mosaic hybrid zone, with limited introgression from F. selysi into F. cinerea. There was no sign of temporal isolation between the two species in the production of queens and males. With choice experiments, we showed that queens and males strongly prefer to mate with conspecifics. Yet we did not detect post-mating barriers caused by genetic incompatibilities. Specifically, hybrids of all sexes and castes were found in the field and F1 hybrid workers did not show reduced viability compared to non-hybrid workers. To gain insights into the cues involved in species recognition, we analyzed the cuticular hydrocarbons of queens, males and workers and staged dyadic encounters between workers. Cuticular hydrocarbon profiles differed markedly between species, but were similar in F. cinerea and hybrids. Accordingly, workers also discriminated species, but they did not discriminate F. cinerea and hybrids. We discuss how the CHC-based recognition system of ants may facilitate the establishment of pre-mating barriers to hybridization, independent of hybridization costs.

opencc-zeroJun 2022View details →