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535 results for “Stripes”
FIGURE 1 in The identity of the invasive yellow-striped terrestrial planarian found recently in Europe: Caenoplana variegata (Fletcher & Hamilton, 1888) or Caenoplana bicolor (Graff, 1899)?
FIGURE 1. Caenoplana variegata. Specimens from the UK showing variation in pigmentation. a, specimen from Coventry, UK, as received (collected January 2015, specimen Cv7, sectioned for anatomical studies). Note the lateral surfaces appear uniformly black. Scale bar 1 cm. b–d, specimens after many months in captivity and fed at occasional intervals: b, a coiled specimen showing varied dark pigmentation laterally; c, another specimen with limited dark pigment laterally; d & e, a specimen with almost no dark pigment laterally though a little anteriorly bordering the dorsal yellow band.
FIGURE 7. Caenoplana variegata. NHMUK97 in The identity of the invasive yellow-striped terrestrial planarian found recently in Europe: Caenoplana variegata (Fletcher & Hamilton, 1888) or Caenoplana bicolor (Graff, 1899)?
FIGURE 7. Caenoplana variegata. NHMUK97: a, LS showing several mature testes, scale 200 µm; b, TS showing the ventral nerve cord, ovovitelline duct and testis on one side, scale 100 µm; c, LS showing the immature ovovitelline duct immediately dorsal to the ventral nerve cord, scale 200 µm; d & e, LS of the portion containing the copulatory apparatus: d, the extent of the male atrium (right); e, the extent of the female atrium (left). Both extend beyond the sectioned portion. Scale 2 mm.
On following pages: 5. Greater Leaf-nosed Bat (Doryrhina camerunensis}; 6.Telefomin Leaf-nosed Bat (Doryrhina corynophyllus); 7. Cyclops Leaf-nosed Bat (Doryrhina cyclops); 8. Hill's Leaf-nosed Bat (Doryrhina edwardshillil; 9. Fly River Leaf-nosed Bat {Doryrhina muscinus); 10. Semon's Leaf-nosed Bat [Doryrhina semoni); 11. Northern Leaf-nosed Bat [Doryrhina stenotis}; 12. Wollaston's Leaf-nosed Bat (Doryrhina wollastom); 13. Commerson's Leaf-nosed Bat (Macronycteris commersoniii; 14. Madagascar Cryptic Leaf-nosed Bat (Macronycteris cryptovalorona); 15. Giant Leaf-nosed Bat (Macronycteris gigas); 16. SaoTome Leaf-nosed Bat (Macronycteris thomensis}; 17. Striped Leafnosed Bat (Macronycteris vittatus); 18. Dong BacTrident Bat (Aselliscus dongbacanus); 19. Stoliczka's Trident Bat (Aselliscus stoliczkanusY, 20. Temminck's Trident Bat (Aselliscus tricuspidatus); 21. East Asian Tailless Leaf-nosed Bat (Coelops frithii); 22. Malayan Tailless Leaf-nosed Bat (Coelops robinsoni); 23. Solomons Leaf-nosed Bat (Anthops ornatus}. in Hipposideridae
On following pages: 5. Greater Leaf-nosed Bat (Doryrhina camerunensis}; 6.Telefomin Leaf-nosed Bat (Doryrhina corynophyllus); 7. Cyclops Leaf-nosed Bat (Doryrhina cyclops); 8. Hill's Leaf-nosed Bat (Doryrhina edwardshillil; 9. Fly River Leaf-nosed Bat {Doryrhina muscinus); 10. Semon's Leaf-nosed Bat [Doryrhina semoni); 11. Northern Leaf-nosed Bat [Doryrhina stenotis}; 12. Wollaston's Leaf-nosed Bat (Doryrhina wollastom); 13. Commerson's Leaf-nosed Bat (Macronycteris commersoniii; 14. Madagascar Cryptic Leaf-nosed Bat (Macronycteris cryptovalorona); 15. Giant Leaf-nosed Bat (Macronycteris gigas); 16. SaoTome Leaf-nosed Bat (Macronycteris thomensis}; 17. Striped Leafnosed Bat (Macronycteris vittatus); 18. Dong BacTrident Bat (Aselliscus dongbacanus); 19. Stoliczka's Trident Bat (Aselliscus stoliczkanusY, 20. Temminck's Trident Bat (Aselliscus tricuspidatus); 21. East Asian Tailless Leaf-nosed Bat (Coelops frithii); 22. Malayan Tailless Leaf-nosed Bat (Coelops robinsoni); 23. Solomons Leaf-nosed Bat (Anthops ornatus}.
FIGURE 4 in Earning your stripes: a second species of striped gecko in the New Zealand gecko genus Toropuku (Gekkota: Diplodactylidae)
FIGURE 4. Toropuku inexpectatus sp. nov. adult male paratype in life (MONZ RE.006938) from Coromandel township, Coromandel Peninsula (Photo: the late A. H. Whitaker).
FIGURE 1 in Earning your stripes: a second species of striped gecko in the New Zealand gecko genus Toropuku (Gekkota: Diplodactylidae)
FIGURE 1. Map of New Zealand illustrating the approximate distributions of the two species-level populations of Toropuku. Inset: A maximum likelihood phylogeny of Toropuku (pruned to just the ingroup) based on the concatenated mtDNA dataset, analyzed using RAxML. A black dot at each node indicates high support (e.g. maximum likelihood bootstrap>70).
FIGURE 5 in Earning your stripes: a second species of striped gecko in the New Zealand gecko genus Toropuku (Gekkota: Diplodactylidae)
FIGURE 5. Specimens of Toropuku inexpectatus sp. nov. photographed in the wild (not vouchered). Photos by D. van Winkel.
FIGURE 2 in Earning your stripes: a second species of striped gecko in the New Zealand gecko genus Toropuku (Gekkota: Diplodactylidae)
FIGURE 2. Adult female holotype, MONZ RE.006939): A.) dorsal, B.) ventral, and C.) lateral views. Photographs by J-C. Stahl. Scale bar = 1 cm.
Data from: Grab my tail: evolution of dazzle stripes and colourful tails in lizards
Understanding the functions of animal coloration has been a long-standing question in evolutionary biology. For example, the widespread occurrence of striking longitudinal stripes and colourful tails in lizards begs for an explanation. Experiments have suggested that colourful tails can deflect attacks towards the tail (the 'deflection' hypothesis), which is sacrificable in most lizards, thereby increasing the chance of escape. Studies also suggest that in moving lizards, longitudinal body stripes can redirect predators' strikes towards the tail through the 'motion dazzle' effect. Despite these experimental studies, the ecological factors associated with the evolution of such striking colourations remain unexplored. Here, we investigated if predictions from motion dazzle and attack deflection could explain the widespread occurrence of these striking marks using comparative methods and information on eco-physiological variables (caudal autotomy, diel activity, microhabitat, and body temperature) potentially linked to their functioning. We found both longitudinal stripes and colourful tails are associated with diurnal activity and with the ability to lose the tail. Compared to stripeless species, striped species are more likely to be ground-dwelling and have higher body temperature, emphasizing the connection of stripes to mobility and rapid escape strategy. Colourful tails and stripes have evolved multiple times in a correlated fashion, suggesting that their functions may be linked. Overall, our results together with previous experimental studies support the notion that stripes and colourful tails in lizards may have protective functions based on deflective and motion dazzle effects.
Data from: How the zebra got its stripes: a problem with too many solutions
The adaptive significance of zebra stripes has thus far eluded understanding. Many explanations have been suggested, including social cohesion, thermoregulation, predation evasion and avoidance of biting flies. Identifying the associations between phenotypic and environmental factors is essential for testing these hypotheses and substantiating existing experimental evidence. Plains zebra striping pattern varies regionally, from heavy black and white striping over the entire body in some areas to reduced stripe coverage with thinner and lighter stripes in others. We examined how well 29 environmental variables predict the variation in stripe characteristics of plains zebra across their range in Africa. In contrast to recent findings, we found no evidence that striping may have evolved to escape predators or avoid biting flies. Instead, we found that temperature successfully predicts a substantial amount of the stripe pattern variation observed in plains zebra. As this association between striping and temperature may be indicative of multiple biological processes, we suggest that the selective agents driving zebra striping are probably multifarious and complex.
Data from: Developmental mechanisms of stripe patterns in rodents
Mammalian colour patterns are among the most recognizable characteristics found in nature and can have a profound impact on fitness. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the formation and subsequent evolution of these patterns. Here we show that, in the African striped mouse (Rhabdomys pumilio), periodic dorsal stripes result from underlying differences in melanocyte maturation, which give rise to spatial variation in hair colour. We identify the transcription factor ALX3 as a regulator of this process. In embryonic dorsal skin, patterned expression of Alx3 precedes pigment stripes and acts to directly repress Mitf, a master regulator of melanocyte differentiation, thereby giving rise to light-coloured hair. Moreover, Alx3 is upregulated in the light stripes of chipmunks, which have independently evolved a similar dorsal pattern. Our results show a previously undescribed mechanism for modulating spatial variation in hair colour and provide insights into how phenotypic novelty evolves.
FIGURES 1–3. 1–2. Holorchis gigas n in Holorchis gigas n. sp. (Digenea: Lepocreadiidae) from the yellow-striped sweet-lips Plectorhinchus chrysotaenia (Perciformes: Haemulidae) from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, with observations on Aephnidiogenes major
FIGURES 1–3. 1–2. Holorchis gigas n. sp. 1. Ventral view of holotype, uterus in bold outline. 2. Terminal genitalia, with part of ventral sucker outlined. 3. Aephnidiogenes major Yamaguti from Diagramma labiosum, Heron Island, terminal genitalia, with ovary and part of ventral sucker outlined. Scale bars: 1, 2 mm; 2, 3, 500 μm.
FIGURE 3. Caligus nuenonnae n in A new species of copepod (Siphonostomatoida: Caligidae) parasitic on the striped trumpeter, Latris lineata (Forster), from Tasmania
FIGURE 3. Caligus nuenonnae n. sp., adult male. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) abdomen and caudal rami, dorsal; (C) antennule, ventral; (D) antenna, ventral; (E) maxillule; (F) maxilliped, with enlarged dorsal view of myxal region; (G) legs 5 and 6. Scale bars: A, 1.00 mm; B–D, F, H, 100 Μm; E, I, 50 Μm.
FIGURE 2 Caligus nuenonnae n in A new species of copepod (Siphonostomatoida: Caligidae) parasitic on the striped trumpeter, Latris lineata (Forster), from Tasmania
FIGURE 2 Caligus nuenonnae n. sp., adult female. (A) leg 1, with enlarged view of apical spines on distal exopodal segment, ventral; (B) leg 2, with enlarged view of outer spines on distal exopodal segment, ventral; (C) leg 3 (arrowheads indicate dorsal adhesion pads), ventral; (D) leg 4, ventral; (E) leg 5, ventral. Scale bars: A–D, 100 Μm; E, 50 Μm.
FIGURE 1. Caligus nuenonnae n in A new species of copepod (Siphonostomatoida: Caligidae) parasitic on the striped trumpeter, Latris lineata (Forster), from Tasmania
FIGURE 1. Caligus nuenonnae n. sp., adult female. (A) habitus, dorsal; (B) abdomen and caudal rami, dorsal; (C) antennule, ventral; (D) antenna, ventral; (E) postantennal process; (F) mandible; (G) maxillule; (H) maxilla; (I) maxilliped; (J) sternal furca. Scale bars: A, 1.00 mm; B–D, H–I, 100 Μm; E–G, J, 50 Μm.
FIGURE 8–13. 8. D. salgadoi n in A new species of Dollfusentis Golvan, 1969 (Palaeacanthocephala: Illiosentidae) in the striped mojara, Eugerres plumieri (Perciformes: Actinoptergii), from Bahía de Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México
FIGURE 8–13. 8. D. salgadoi n. sp.: A. Allotype female, ventral and dorsal hooks; B. Holotype, ventral and dorsal hooks. 9. D. salgadoi n. sp., holotype, posterior end showing genital spines (lateral view). 10. D. salgadoi n. sp., allotype female, posterior end showing genital spines (lateral view). 11. Dollfusentis salgadoi n. sp., genital vestibule. 12. D. bravoae, genital vestibule. 13. D. chandleri, genital vestibule. Scale bars: 8 = 80 Μm; 9 = 45 Μm; 10 = 60 Μm;11– 13 = 65 Μm.
FIGURE 1–7. 1–7. Dollfusentis salgadoi n in A new species of Dollfusentis Golvan, 1969 (Palaeacanthocephala: Illiosentidae) in the striped mojara, Eugerres plumieri (Perciformes: Actinoptergii), from Bahía de Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México
FIGURE 1–7. 1–7. Dollfusentis salgadoi n. sp. 1. Holotype, male, external view. 2. Posterior end of holotype. 3. Proboscis and anterior end of holotype. 4. Allotype, female, external view. 5. Posterior end of allotype female. 6. Trunk spines, allotype female; A. Ventral spines, B. Lateral spine. 7. Egg. Scale bars: 1 = 420 Μm; 2 = 85 Μm; 3 = 310 Μm; 4 = 220 Μm; 5 = 80 Μm; 6 = 25 Μm; 7 = 40 Μm.
FIGURE 4. Pale occipital bar and antehumeral stripe. a in A Revision of Mesopodagrion McLachlan, 1896 (Odonata: Zygoptera: Megapodagrionidae)
FIGURE 4. Pale occipital bar and antehumeral stripe. a, Mesopodagrion yachowensis (China, Henan, Songxian, Mt. Baiyun); b, Mesopodagrion tibetanum tibetanum (China, Sichuan, Wolong Nature Reserve); c, Mesopodagrion tibetanum australe ssp. Nov. (China, Yunnan, Lijiang, Mt. Yulong); d, Mesopodagrion tibetanum australe ssp. Nov. (China, Yunnan, Yuanjiang, Nanxi).
FIGURE 1 in Morphology of first seven larval stages of the striped soldier shrimp, Plesionika edwardsii (Brandt, 1851) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pandalidae) from laboratory reared material
FIGURE 1. Plesionika edwardsii, lateral view: A, zoea I; B, zoea II; C, zoea VI; cephalotorax dorsal view: D, zoea I; E, zoea II; F, zoea III; G, zoea VII. Scale bars: 500 μm.
FIGURE 5 in Morphology of first seven larval stages of the striped soldier shrimp, Plesionika edwardsii (Brandt, 1851) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pandalidae) from laboratory reared material
FIGURE 5. Plesionika edwardsii, second maxilliped: A, zoea I; B, zoea II; C, zoea VII; third maxilliped: D, zoea VII; E,
FIGURE 6 in Morphology of first seven larval stages of the striped soldier shrimp, Plesionika edwardsii (Brandt, 1851) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pandalidae) from laboratory reared material
FIGURE 6. Plesionika edwardsii, first pereiopod: A, zoea III; B, zoea VI; C, zoea VII. Scale bar: 100 μm.
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