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Fig. 8 in Developmental Abnormalities in Wild Populations of Birds: Examples from Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens)

Fig. 8. Asymmetrically reduced lower mandible of specimen LPB006.

Fig. 1 in Developmental Abnormalities in Wild Populations of Birds: Examples from Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens)

Fig. 1. Multilimbed embryo (LPB001) that also displays numerous deformities of the head. Ventral

Fig. 6 in Developmental Abnormalities in Wild Populations of Birds: Examples from Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens)

Fig. 6. Symmetrically reduced mandibles of specimen LPB004.

Fig. 4. X in Developmental Abnormalities in Wild Populations of Birds: Examples from Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens)

Fig. 4. Xray of LPB002 showing that there is but a single vertebral column.

Fig. 7 in Developmental Abnormalities in Wild Populations of Birds: Examples from Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens)

Fig. 7. Clubbed feet of specimen LPB005.

Fig. 2. X in Developmental Abnormalities in Wild Populations of Birds: Examples from Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens)

Fig. 2. Xray of LPB001 showing duplication of vertebral structures.

Fig. 5 in Developmental Abnormalities in Wild Populations of Birds: Examples from Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens)

Fig. 5. Externalized eye of specimen LPB003.

Fig. 12 in Developmental Abnormalities in Wild Populations of Birds: Examples from Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens)

Fig. 12. Externalized brain of specimen LPB010 that is missing several bones of the skull.

Fig. 10 in Developmental Abnormalities in Wild Populations of Birds: Examples from Lesser Snow Geese (Chen caerulescens caerulescens)

Fig. 10. Skull abnormalities of specimen LPB008.

opencc-zeroDec 2022View details →

Data for: General cognitive performance declines with female age and is negatively related to fledging success in a wild bird

Identifying the causes and fitness consequences of intraspecific variation in cognitive performance is fundamental to understand how cognition evolves. Selection may act on different cognitive traits separately or jointly as part of the general cognitive performance of the individual. To date, few studies have examined simultaneously whether individual cognitive performance covaries across different cognitive tasks, the relative importance of individual and social attributes in determining cognitive variation, and its fitness consequences in the wild. Here, we tested 38 wild southern pied babblers (Turdoides bicolor) on a cognitive test battery targeting associative learning, reversal learning and inhibitory control. We found that a single factor explained 59.5% of the variation in individual cognitive performance across tasks, suggestive of a general cognitive factor. General cognitive performance varied by age and sex; declining with age in females but not males. Older females also tended to produce a higher average number of fledglings per year compared to younger females. Analysing over 10 years of breeding data, we found that individuals with lower general cognitive performance produced more fledglings per year. Collectively, our findings support the existence of a trade-off between cognitive performance and reproductive success in a wild bird.

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Remote sensing and ecological variables related to Influenza A prevalence and subtype diversity in wild birds in the Lluta wetland of northern Chile

Supplemental material for manuscript, tables 1 and 2

opencc-zeroJul 2023View details →

Data from: Regional variation in climate change alters the range-wide distribution of colour polymorphism in a wild bird

According to Gloger's rule animal colouration is expected to be darker in wetter and warmer climates. Such environmental clines are predicted to occur in colour polymorphic species and to be shaped by selection if colour morphs represent adaptations to different environments. We studied if the distribution of the colour polymorphic tawny owl (Strix aluco) morphs (a pheomelanic brown and a pale grey) across Europe follow the predictions of Gloger's rule and if there is a temporal change in the geographical patterns corresponding to regional variations in climate change. We used data on tawny owl museum skin specimen collections. First, we investigated long-term spatiotemporal variation in the probability of observing the colour morphs in different climate zones. Second, we studied if the probability of observing the colour morphs was associated with general climatic conditions. Third, we studied if weather fluctuations prior the finding year of an owl explains colour morph in each climate zone. The brown tawny owl morph was historically more common than the grey morph in every studied climate zone. Over time the brown morph has become rarer in the temperate and Mediterranean zone, whereas it has first become rarer but then again more common in the boreal zone. Based on general climatic conditions winter and summer temperature were positively and negatively associated with proportion of brown morph, respectively. Winter precipitation was negatively associated with proportion of brown morph. The effects of five-year means of weather on the probability to observe a brown morph differed between climate zones, indicating region dependent effect of climate change and weather on tawny owl colouration. To conclude, tawny owl colouration does not explicitly follow Gloger's rule, implying a time and space dependent complex system shaped by many factors. We provide novel insights in how the geographic distribution of pheomelanin-based colour polymorphism is changing.

opencc-zeroJul 2023View details →

Sample extraction and SNP sequencing data for: Identification of sex-linked SNP markers in wild populations of monomorphic birds

Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analyses are a powerful tool for population genetics, pedigree reconstruction and phenotypic trait mapping. However, the untapped potential of SNP markers to discriminate the sex of individuals in species with reduced sexual dimorphism or of individuals during immature stages remains a largely unexplored avenue. Here, we develop a novel protocol for molecular sexing of birds based on the detection of unique Z- and W-linked SNP markers. Our method is based on the identification of two unique loci, one in each sexual chromosome. Individuals are considered males when they show no calls for the W-linked SNP and are heterozygotic or homozygotic for the Z-linked SNP, while females show both Z- and W-linked SNP calls. We validated the method in the Jackdaw (Corvus monedula). The reduced sexual dimorphism in this species makes it difficult to sex individuals in the wild. We assessed the reliability of the method using 36 individuals of known sex and found that their sex was correctly assigned in 100% of cases. The sex-linked markers also proved to be widely applicable to discriminate males and females from a sample of 927 genotyped individuals of different maturity stages with an accuracy of 99.5%. Given that SNP markers are increasingly used in quantitative genetic analyses of wild populations, the approach we propose has a great potential to be integrated into broader genetic research programmes without the need for additional sexing techniques.