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225 results for “aboveground biomass”
Plant aboveground biomass carbon and nitrogen: Long-Term Nitrogen Deposition: Population, Community, and Ecosystem Consequences
The purpose of this experiment is to measure how adding nitrogen over a long time will affect the number of species, the type of species present, the amount of annual growth, and the change from year to year in the growth of each species in a plant community which is also relieved of grazing by large and small mammals. The experiment is being conducted within fields (A, B, C, and D) which were initially low in soil nutrients. There are 8 different levels of nitrogen addition with other nutrients added to ensure that nitrogen remains the limiting nutrient, and a control which receives no nutrients. There are 6 replicates of the 9 treatments in fields A, B, and C and 5 replicates in field D. The treatments were randomly assigned to the plots. In fields A, B, and C the plots are in 6 by 9 grids and are 4 by 4 meters in size with 1 meter aisles between plots. In field D the plots are 1.5 by 4 meters and are placed in a 3 by 17 grid. The plots are enclosed by a fence to keep out mammalian herbivores. Gophers are trapped and removed as they appear. Nitrogenfertilizer (NH4NO3) is applied twice per year, once in early May and once in late June. This experiment was begun in 1982 by David Tilman.
Plant aboveground biomass data: Nitrogen Addition and Dynamics of Recovery from Cessation of N Addition
This experiment was established on top of E002 in fields A and C. In the spring of 1992, 3 randomly chosen replicates of each nutrient treatment of experiment E002 were chosen to receive no more fertilizer. For a description of these plots, see E002. For a description of fertilizer added to E097, see file fertilization details. For a list of treatments, see the treatment layouts in file trmte97.
Plant aboveground biomass data: Effect of Herbivores on Vegetation Treated with Different N Levels and the Effect of N Addition on Herbivore Populations.
The purpose of this experiment is to study the effect of NH4NO3 addition on vegetation and herbivore populations and the effects of various herbivores on vegetation treated with different nitrogen levels. This experiment is being conducted in fields A, B, and C and is nested within the macroplots of E004. There are 4 fence exclosures each designed to exclude a specific group of herbivores, a fence exclosure to exclude all 4 groups, a fence that should exclude no herbivores to measure fence effects, and a plot with no fence as a control. Exclosures are 2 by 4 meters and are located in macroplot subsections 3 and 8. Herbivore treatments are randomly placed in the grid. For a description of fertilizer added to E005, see file fertilization details. For a list of treatments, see the treatment layouts in file trmte05.
Plant aboveground biomass data: Herbivory by Nitrogen Interactive Effects on Community and Ecosystem Processes and Dynamics
E172 is an herbivory experiment established by Dave Tilman in fall 2004 by enclosing in deer fences three randomly selected plots from the six replicates of each control and each treatment in the N addition E001 experiment in field C. These plots still receive the nutrient treatments prescribed in the Experiment 001 protocols. From 1982-2004 a fence containing all of e001 plots in Field C was designed to exclude deer and all small mammals, including mice, voles and pocket gophers. This fence was removed in Fall of 2004 and individual plots designated for e172 were enclosed in deer fences. The purpose of E001 was to measure how adding nitrogen over a long time would affect the number of species, the type of species present, the amount of annual growth, and the change from year to year in the growth of each species in a plant community which is also relieved of grazing by large and small mammals. There are 8 different levels of nitrogen addition with other nutrients added to ensure that nitrogen remains the limiting nutrient, and a control which receives no nutrients. The plots are in a 6 by 9 grid and are 4 by 4 meters in size with 1 meter aisles between plots. Nitrogen fertilizer (NH4NO3) is applied twice per year, once in early May and once in late June.
Plant aboveground biomass carbon and nitrogen: Herbivory by Nitrogen Interactive Effects on Community and Ecosystem Processes and Dynamics
E172 is an herbivory experiment established by Dave Tilman in fall 2004 by enclosing in deer fences three randomly selected plots from the six replicates of each control and each treatment in the N addition E001 experiment in field C. These plots still receive the nutrient treatments prescribed in the Experiment 001 protocols. From 1982-2004 a fence containing all of e001 plots in Field C was designed to exclude deer and all small mammals, including mice, voles and pocket gophers. This fence was removed in Fall of 2004 and individual plots designated for e172 were enclosed in deer fences. The purpose of E001 was to measure how adding nitrogen over a long time would affect the number of species, the type of species present, the amount of annual growth, and the change from year to year in the growth of each species in a plant community which is also relieved of grazing by large and small mammals. There are 8 different levels of nitrogen addition with other nutrients added to ensure that nitrogen remains the limiting nutrient, and a control which receives no nutrients. The plots are in a 6 by 9 grid and are 4 by 4 meters in size with 1 meter aisles between plots. Nitrogen fertilizer (NH4NO3) is applied twice per year, once in early May and once in late June.
Plant aboveground biomass data: Effect of N Addition on Vegetation with Mammalian Herbivory
The purpose of this experiment is to look at the effect of NH4NO3 addition in an unfenced area. The experiment is located in field E. There are 4 different treatments C, F, H, and I as defined in fertilization details in the "microplot" strategy. The plots are 4 by 4 meters and are laid out in an 8 by 8 grid with 1 meter aisles. From 1989-1994 plots with fertilizer treatment 1 were treated as complete controls, receiving no nutrients at all.
Plant aboveground biomass:Effects of Long Term Fertilization and Oak Canopy Cover on Plant Communities and Ecosystem Processes
In 1996 E142 was established in field D on top of the E004 macroplots. E004 was conducted in fields A, B, C and D by Dave Tilman. The purpose of E004 was to see what effect NH4NO3 addition has on large areas over a longer period of time with exposure to naturally-occurring levels of herbivory. The nutrient addition treatments in E004, E142 plots have been applied annually since 1982. These experiments, along with others at Cedar Creek, examine the community and ecosystem consequences of chronic nutrient loading.
Plant aboveground biomass carbon and nitrogen:Effects of Long Term Fertilization and Oak Canopy Cover on Plant Communities and Ecosystem Processes
In 1996 E142 was established in field D on top of the E004 macroplots. E004 was conducted in fields A, B, C and D by Dave Tilman. The purpose of E004 was to see what effect NH4NO3 addition has on large areas over a longer period of time with exposure to naturally-occurring levels of herbivory. The nutrient addition treatments in E004, E142 plots have been applied annually since 1982. These experiments, along with others at Cedar Creek, examine the community and ecosystem consequences of chronic nutrient loading.
Plant aboveground biomass data: Effect of N Addition on Vegetation With Mammalian Herbivory Initially on Disked Ground
This experiment is identical to E008 except the ground was disked thoroughly before the plots were laid out. From 1989-1994, plots with fertilizer treatment 1 were treated as complete controls (treatment 9), receiving no nutrients at all.
TeRaBio - Manipulating Temperature, Rainfall, and Biodiversity: Aboveground peak biomass
Ecosystems are undergoing and will continue to experience multiple, simultaneous global changes, including the loss of biodiversity, warming, and increased frequency and intensity of droughts. It is largely unknown whether and how these simultaneous shifts will interactively alter ecosystem processes. The Biodiversity and Climate (BAC) experiment (e249) at Cedar Creek has contributed to our understanding of how increasing temperatures can affect ecosystem functioning in communities planted with different numbers and combinations of plant species. Results to date suggest that the warming manipulation in this experiment is not only directly affecting ecosystems through increased temperature, but is also indirectly impacting ecosystems by creating drier soil and microclimate conditions. Such drying effects caused by warming could be exacerbated during droughts, which are expected to become increasingly frequent and intense. To investigate this, we propose to establish a new experiment that fully crosses three treatments: Temperature (ambient or warmed ~1.5??C above ambient), Rainfall (ambient or reduced by ~43%, which corresponds to a 1 in 100 year dry event), and Biodiversity (plots planted with 1, 4, or 16 species). Data collected will include yearly growing season aboveground net primary production, root biomass, soil moisture, relative humidity, light transmittance, and disease prevalence.
Plant aboveground biomass data: Herbivore Effects on a Large, Unmanipulated Area
The purpose of this experiment was to measure herbivore effects over a large area that had not been manipulated rather than the 4 by 4 meter treatment I plots in E008 and E009. None of the plots in this experiment received any nutrients. Otherwise, the construction of this experiment is identical to E008 and E009.
Plant aboveground biomass data: Effects of Nitrogen on Vegetation Under Herbivore Pressure
The purpose of this experiment is to measure the effect of NH4NO3 addition on vegetation under herbivore pressure. This experiment is located in fields A, B, and C. There are 3 treatments, 2 nitrogen levels and a control. The treatments are E, G, and I as defined in fertilization details under the "microplot" category. There are 16 reps of the 3 treatments for a total of 48 plots in each field. Treatments are randomly assigned to the plots. The plots are 4 by 4 meters and are laid out in a 6 by 8 grid with 1 meter aisles. For a list of treatments, /see the treatment layouts in files trmte11. In 1987, experiment E053 was established on top of E011 in field C. For a list of treatments, see E053. Also is 1992, experiment (Walt Carson's) was established on top of E011 in field C. In the spring of 1992, experiment E100 was established on top of E011, in fields A, and B. For a list of treatments, see the treatment layouts in file trmte100.
Plant aboveground biomass data: Effect of Fire Frequency on Grassland Vegetation and Soils
The purpose of this experiment, begun in 1983 by Johannes Knops, is to determine what effect different fire frequencies have on grassland vegetation. This experiment is being conducted in field B. There are 4 different burn treatments: 1. plots burned every year 2. plots burned every other year 3. controls which are not burned 4. plots burned every fourth year There are 6 replicates of each treatment which were randomly assigned to the 24 plots. Plots are 8 by 8 meters and are placed in a 3 by 8 grid with 2 meter walkways. Plots are marked with colored rebar at each corner.
Aboveground plant biomass for east of T-van, 1998 - 2004.
These data were used in the following related publication: Bowman, William D., Gartner, Julia R., Holland, Keri, and Wiedermann, Magdalena. 2006. Nitrogen critical loads for alpine vegetation and terrestrial ecosystem response - Are we there yet? Ecological Applications 16:1183-1193. doi: 10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[1183:NCLFAV]2.0.CO;2 Increases in the deposition of anthropogenic nitrogen (N) have been linked to several terrestrial ecological changes, including soil biogeochemistry, plant stress susceptibility, and community diversity. Recognizing the need to identify sensitive indicators of biotic response to N deposition, we empirically estimated the N critical load for changes in alpine plant community composition and compared this with the estimated critical load for soil indicators of ecological change. We also measured the degree to which alpine vegetation may serve as a sink for anthropogenic N and how much plant sequestration is related to changes in species composition. We addressed these research goals by adding 20, 40, or 60 kg N.ha-1yr-1, along with an ambient control (6 kg N ha-1 yr-1 total deposition), to a species rich alpine dry meadow for an eight-year period. Change in plant species composition associated with the treatments occurred within three years of the initiation of the experiment and were significant at all levels of N addition. Using individual species abundance changes and ordination scores, we estimated the N critical loads (total deposition) for (1) change in individual species to be 4 kg N ha-1 yr-1 and (2) for overall community change to be 10 kg N ha-1 yr-1. In contrast, increases in NO3 leaching, soil solution inorganic NO3, and net N nitrification occurred at levels above 20 kg N ha-1 yr-1. Increases in total aboveground biomass were modest and transient, occurring in only one of the three years measured. Vegetative uptake of N increased significantly, primarily as a result of increasing tissue N concentrations and biomass increase
SGS-LTER Effects of water and nitrogen additions on aboveground biomass in shortgrass ecosystems on the Central Plains Experimental Range, Nunn, Colorado, USA 1997-2011, ARS Study Number 143
This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Digital Collections of Colorado (http://digitool.library.colostate.edu/R/?func=collections&collection_id=3429). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection. The objective of this research is to evaluate the long-term response of shortgrass ecosystems to additional water and nitrogen inputs. An experiment was conducted during the IBP project (1970-1975) in which water and nitrogen were applied (Lauenroth et al. 1978, Dodd and Lauenroth 1979, Milchunas and Lauenroth 1995). While we gained an enormous increment in our knowledge about shortgrass ecosystems from this experiment it raised as many questions as it answered. One of the problems was that the treatments were very high levels of nitrogen (100-150kg/ha N) and water (600 mm/growing season) additions. Additional information and referenced materials can be found: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/85629.
Aboveground biomass of dune vegetation on the Hog Island chronosequence at the Virginia Coast Reserve 1993
Aboveground biomass of dune vegetation harvested from 10 1/4 m-sq plots across the Hog Island chronosequence.
Data from: Developing allometric models to predict the individual aboveground biomass of shrubs worldwide
Aim Existing global models to predict standing woody biomass are based on trees characterized by a single principal stem, well-developed in height. However, their use in open woodlands and shrublands, characterized by multistemmed species with substantial crown development, generates a high level of uncertainty in biomass estimates. This limitation led us to i) develop global predictive models of shrub individual aboveground biomass based on simple allometric variables; ii) to compare the fit of these models with existing global biomass models; and iii) to assess whether models fit change when bioclimatic variables are considered. Location Global. Time period Present. Major taxa studied 118 species. Methods We compile a database of 3243 individuals across 49 sites distributed worldwide. Including basal diameter, height and crown diameter as predictor variables, we built potential models and compared their fit using generalized least squares. We used mixed effects models to determine if bioclimatic variables improved the accuracy of biomass models. Results Although the most important variable in terms of predictive capacity was stem basal diameter, crown diameter significantly improved the models fit, followed by height. Four models were finally chosen, with the best model combining all these variables in the same equation (R2 = 0.930, RMSE = 0.476). Selected models performed as well as established global biomass models. Including the individual bioform significantly improved the models fit. Main conclusions Basal diameter, crown diameter and height measures could be combined to provide robust AGB estimates of individual shrub species. Our study supplements well-established models developed for trees, allowing more accurate biomass estimation of multistemmed woody individuals. We further provide tools for a methodological standardization of individual biomass quantification in these species. We expect these results contribute to improve the quality of biomass estimates across ecosystems, but also to generate methodological consensus on field biomass assessments in shrubs.
Field measurements for estimating aboveground and woody debris biomass in Cajander larch forests of northeast Siberia
<p>This dataset contains field measurements collected in the summer of 2019 within natural forest stands near Batamay (63.52º N, 129.42º E) and Yert (62.02º N, 125.79º E) towns, in the boreal forests of the Republic of Sakha (Russia).</p> <ul> <li>YA2019_plots.xlsx: characteristics of the forest stands.</li> <li>YA2019_tree_transects.xlsx: field measurements collected for estimates of aboveground tree biomass.</li> <li>YA2019_fwd_transects.xlsx: field inventory of fine woody debris (FWD) using the line-intersect method.</li> <li>YA2019_fwd_specific_gravity.xlsx: raw data from the water displacement method required to derive size-class-specific values of specific gravity for FWD.</li> <li>YA2019_fwd_diameters.xlsx: field measurements of FWD diameters for determination of size-class-specific values of mean squared diameter (MSD).</li> </ul> <p>The description of variables is provided in each excel file as a separate sheet.</p>
Map of Aboveground Biomass and Uncertainty of Haloxylon in the Ancient Manas Lake Basin Area, Western Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, China
<p>This dataset is the research outcome of the National Natural Science Foundation of China project "Spatiotemporal Evolution and Attribution of Haloxylon Aboveground Biomass in the Junggar Basin under the Background of Climate Change" (Grant No.42261062) and the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur<br> Autonomous Region, China project "Remote Sensing Technology for Acquiring Aboveground Biomass of Haloxylon Forests in the Ancient Manas Lake Basin Sedimentary Area" (Grant No.2022D01A97). It reflects the map of aboveground biomass and uncertainty of Haloxylon in the ancient Manas Lake basin area, western Junggar Basin. The data is in tif format, with a coordinate system of UTM 45N and a resolution of 30 meters. It contains three bands, namely "AGB", "Uncertainty", and "AOA", representing "Haloxylon Aboveground Biomass", "Uncertainty of Haloxylon Aboveground Biomass", and "Areas of Applicability and Non-applicability".</p> <p>please cite "Yang XF. 2025. Mapping desert shrub aboveground biomass in the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, China using Quantile Regression Forest (QRF). PeerJ 13:e19099 http://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19099".</p>
Phosphorus allocation to and resorption from leaves regulate the residence time of phosphorus in aboveground forest biomass on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo
<p>1. The residence time of phosphorus (P) in trees is a consequence of plant adaptation to P deficiency, with longer P residence time on soils with low P availability. P residence time has been studied at the leaf or canopy level but seldom at the whole-tree level. Whereas P residence time at the leaf or canopy level is largely determined by leaf longevity and the resorption of P before leaf abscission, P residence time at the whole-tree level will also be influenced by differences in P allocation to different plant parts because leaves and woody organs have distinct longevities.</p> <p>2. We estimated the residence time of P in aboveground tree biomass (AGB) as the ratio of P mass (i.e. leaves plus wood) to the annual flux of P via litterfall (i.e. fine litter plus coarse woody debris) for seven tropical rain forests with different soil P availabilities on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo. We analysed the effects of P allocation to and resorption from leaves on P residence time along a soil P gradient.</p> <p>3. P residence time (2.7–9.8 years) was approximately one fifth of biomass residence time (AGB/annual litterfall mass; 19.8–48.8 years). This was due to a disproportionately greater relative allocation of P to leaves (P mass in leaves/P mass in AGB; 0.11–0.46), which had a smaller fraction of biomass (leaf biomass/AGB; 0.02–0.05) but a shorter longevity (1.0–1.8 years).</p> <p>4. The relative allocation of P to leaves was often high on low-P soils, and P residence time was expected to be short. By contrast, the resorption rate of P from leaves was also high on low-P soils, which extended P residence time with P deficiency. Consequently, P residence time was nearly constant across the forests.</p> <p>5. The short residence time of P relative to biomass indicates that P residence time depends largely on relative P allocation among plant organs. Similar P residence times among sites were maintained because greater P allocation to leaves on low-P soils was effectively offset by higher P-resorption efficiency.</p>
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