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1,291 results for “gap”
Global Gender Gap Index
<p>The Global Gender Gap Index (by World Economic Forum) benchmarks the evolution of gender-based gaps among four key dimensions. The following information are visualized for each country: Economic Participation and Opportunity, Educational Attainment, Health and Survival, and Political Empowerment.</p> <p>The Global Gender Gap index benchmarks 156 countries, providing a tool for cross-country comparison and to prioritize the most effective policies needed to close gender gaps. The methodology of the index has remained stable since its original conception in 2006, providing a basis for robust cross-country and time-series analysis. The Global Gender Gap Index measures scores on a 0 to 100 scale and scores can be interpreted as the distance to parity (i.e. the percentage of the gender gap that has been closed).</p> <p>This dataset includes indicators from 2006 to 2021.</p>
A temporally consistent 8-day 0.05° gap-free snow cover extent dataset over the Northern Hemisphere for the period 1981–2019
<p>Northern Hemisphere (NH) snow cover extent (SCE) is one of the most important indicator of climate change for its unique surface property. However, short temporal coverage, coarse spatial resolution, and different snow discrimination approach among published SCE products hampers its detailed studies. Using the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer Surface Reflectance (AVHRR-SR) Climate Data Record (CDR) and several ancillary datasets, this study generated a temporally consistent 8-day 0.05° gap-free NH terrestrial SCE product for the period 1981–2019 as part of the Global LAnd Surface Satellite dataset (GLASS) product suite. This process consistent of five steps. First, a decision tree algorithm with multiple threshold tests was applied to detect SCE from daily AVHRR-SR CDR. Second, we merge two existing daily SCE products to take advantage of their spatial coverage. Third, an aggregation process was used to detect the maximum SCE in each 8-day periods. Forth, the GLASS SCE was generated with the help of snow cover probability climatology. Fifth, the validation process was carried out to evaluate the quality of GLASS SCE. Validation results by using 562 Global Historical Climatology Network stations during 1981–2017 (r=0.61, p<0.05) and MOD10C2 during 2001–2019 (r=0.97, p<0.01) proved that the GLASS SCE product is credible in snow cover frequency monitoring. Moreover, cross-comparison between GLASS SCE and surface albedo during 1982–2018 further confirmed its values in climate changes studies.</p> <p>The GLASS SCE data set provides binary maps of snow cover for the Northern Hemisphere from September 1981 to the December 2019. The data are organized by year and provided in GeoTIFF formats. The gridcells were flagged as “0” if classified as "Non-snow", "1" if retrieved from AVHRR satellite observations, and "2" if filled by IMS snow climatology.</p> <p>Spatial Coverage: N: 90, S: 0, E: 180, W: -180<br> Spatial Resolution: 0.05 deg x 0.05 deg<br> Samples = 7200<br> Lines = 1800<br> Temporal Coverage: September 1981 to December 2019<br> Temporal Resolution: 8-day</p>
An isolated mass gap black hole or neutron star detected with astrometric microlensing
<p>This repository contains data, models, and simulations associated with the ApJ Letter "An isolated mass gap black hole or neutron star detected with astrometric microlensing" and its corresponding Supplement.</p>
A gap in the double white dwarf separation distribution caused by the common-envelope evolution: astrometric evidence from Gaia
<p>Here we provide a supplementary dataset to our publication <em>A gap in the double white dwarf separation distribution caused by the common-envelope evolution: astrometric evidence from Gaia,</em> <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.03659">arXiv:2203.03659</a>. The dataset consists of 119 double white dwarf candidates selected in the Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) based on the sources' astrometric wobble amplitude. For each candidate we provide sky coordinates (RA, DEC), Gaia EDR3 ID, position on the HR diagram (G, BP-RP) and estimated astrometric wobble amplitude (delta a). Note that the astrometric wobble amplitude (delta a) is directly related to the binary’s orbital separation, as detailed in our paper.</p>
Guaranteed Publisher/Subscriber Anonymity with Interest Profiles for Smart Cities Applications: Trends and Gaps
<p>Studies carried out in the context of anonymous Publisher/Subscriber (MQTT protocol) and with a profile of interest, are topics that the literature and the IoT (Internet of Things) industry face to implement models, architecture and architectural patterns, mainly related to anonymity, and the profile of interest there is nothing in literature or industry. In this way, the creation of an architecture based on these themes can facilitate the communication of IoT devices in smart cities. Therefore, this article aims to identify in the literature/industry how to guarantee the anonymity of Publisher/Subscriber with interest profiles using the MQTT protocol, and as future works to create an architecture based on the theme so that it can be used by academia and industry. IoT. The search string returned 291 (Two hundred and Ninety-One) works, of which 4 (Four) were selected according to the criteria of the Systematic Literature Review.</p>
Canopy gaps facilitate upslope shifts in montane conifers but not in temperate deciduous trees in the Northeastern United States
<p>Many montane tree species are expected to migrate upslope as climate warms, but it is not clear if forest canopy gaps, which can facilitate tree seedling recruitment, serve as an important mechanism driving tree species range shifts. Patterns of tree seedling establishment can inform us about early stages of tree species migrations and are critical to examine in the context of global climate change.</p> <p>We contrasted elevational distributions of tree seedlings both within and outside of forest canopy gaps with the distributions of conspecific adults and saplings across the deciduous-coniferous ecotone on ten mountains in four states of the northeastern United States. We tested if seedling distributions of four dominant tree species (<em>Abies balsamea, Picea rubens, Acer saccharum</em>, and<em> Fagus grandifolia</em>) were shifted upslope of conspecific adult and sapling distributions. We also examined if this shift was facilitated by canopy gaps and what environmental drivers affected species distributions.</p> <p>There was limited seedling recruitment of dominant tree species at the temperate-coniferous ecotone, which we attributed to (i) an observed downslope shift of seedling distributions of the low-elevation deciduous species (<em>Acer saccharum, Fagus grandifoli</em>a) and (ii) an upslope shift in seedling distributions of the high-elevation conifers (<em>Abies balsamea, Picea rubens</em>). The upslope shift of conifer seedlings contrasts with our previous research at these sites which observed downslope shifts of sapling distributions in <em>Picea rubens</em>, suggesting that seedlings may be responding to more recent climate warming. Canopy gaps in high-elevation conifer forests facilitated these upslope shifts by promoting conifer seedling recruitment. However, gaps at lower elevations did not play a significant role in seedling recruitment or the observed downslope shifts of the dominant deciduous species. Climate was the dominant predictor of adult tree distributions whereas both climate and soil were important predictors of seedling distributions.</p> <p><strong><em>Synthesis</em></strong>. Our study illustrates that tree seedlings have the potential for monitoring the early stages of tree species migrations, and particularly so in canopy gaps in high-elevation conifer forests. Further, we stress that species range shifts are sensitive to local scale heterogeneity in light availability (i.e., canopy gaps) and other non-climatic factors.</p>
Fig. 10 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 10. Localities showing distribution records of anuran species through the biomes within the state of Amapá. Localities 1 to 19 are from species checklists (light gray circles), whereas the remaining ones (20 to 48, dark gray squares) represent punctual records.
Fig. 9 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 9. Anuran species recorded in the state of Amapá. A. Scinax proboscideus (Brongersma, 1933). B. Scinax ruber (Laurenti, 1768).C. Scinax ruberoculatus (Ferrão, Fraga, Moravec, Kaefer & Lima, 2018). D. Scinax x-signatus (Spix, 1824). E. Sphaenorhynchus carneus (Cope, 1868). F. Sphaenorhynchus lacteus (Daudin, 1800). G. Synapturanus zombie Fouquet, Leblanc, Fabre, Rodrigues, Menin, Courtois, Dewynter, Hölting, Ernst, Peloso & Kok, 2021. H. Trachycephalus hadroceps (Duellman & Hoogmoed, 1992). I. Trachycephalus typhonius (Linnaeus, 1758). J. Vitreorana ritae (Lutz, 1952). Photos: C.E. Costa-Campos.
Fig. 6 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 6. Anuran species recorded in the state of Amapá. A. Leptodactylus stenoderma Jiménez de la Espada, 1875. B. Leptodactylus sp. C. Lithodytes lineatus (Schneider, 1799). D. Lysapsus bolivianus (Gallardo, 1961). E. Osteocephalus cabrerai (Cochran & Goin, 1970). F. Osteocephalus leprieurii (Duméril & Bibron, 1841). G. Osteocephalus taurinus (Steindachner, 1862). H. Phyllomedusa bicolor (Boddaert, 1772). I. Phyllomedusa vaillanti Boulenger, 1882. J. Pipa pipa (Linnaeus, 1758). Photos: C.E. Costa-Campos (A, C–J) and T. R. Carvalho (B).
Fig. 2 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 2. Anuran species recorded in the state of Amapá. A. Boana boans (Linnaeus, 1758). B. Boana calcarata (Troschel, 1848). C. Boana cinerascens (Spix, 1824). D. Boana courtoisae Fouquet, Marinho, Réjaud, Carvalho, Caminer, Jansen, Rainha, Rodrigues, Werneck, Lima, Hrbek, Giaretta, Venegas, Chávez & Ron, 2021. E. Boana dentei (Bokermann, 1967). F. Boana lanciformis (Cope, 1871). G. Boana multifasciata (Günther, 1859). H. Boana punctata (Schneider, 1799). I. Boana raniceps (Cope, 1862). J. Boana aff. semilineata. Photos: C.E. Costa-Campos.
Fig. 8 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 8. Anuran species recorded in the state of Amapá. A. Rhinella aff. castaneotica. B. Rhinella major (Müller & Hellmich, 1936). C. Rhinella margaritifera (Laurenti, 1768). D. Rhinella marina (Linnaeus, 1758). E. Scarthyla goinorum (Bokermann, 1962). F. Scinax boesemani (Goin, 1966). G. Scinax cruentomma (Duellmann, 1972). H. Scinax fuscomarginatus (A. Lutz, 1925). I. Scinax jolyi Lescure & Marty, 2001. J. Scinax nebulosus (Spix, 1824). Photos: C.E. Costa-Campos.
Fig. 3 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 3. Anuran species recorded in the state of Amapá. A. Callimedusa tomopterna (Cope, 1868). B. Ceratophrys cornuta (Linnaeus, 1758). C. Chiasmocleis haddadi Peloso, Sturaro, Forlani, Gaucher, Motta & Wheeler, 2014. D. Chiasmocleis hudsoni Parker, 1940. E. Chiasmocleis shudikarensis (Dunn, 1949). F. Cochranella resplendens (Lynch & Duellman, 1973). G. Ctenophryne geayi Mocquard, 1904. H. Dendrobates tinctorius (Cuvier, 1797). I. Dendropsophus amicorum (Mijares-Urrutia, 1998). J. Dendropsophus counani Fouquet, Orrico, Ernst, Blanc, Martinez, Vacher, Rodrigues, Ouboter, Jairam & Ron, 2015. Photos: C.E. Costa-Campos.
Fig. 4 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 4. Anuran species recorded in the state of Amapá. A. Dendropsophus haraldschultzi (Bokermann, 1962). B. Dendropsophus leucophyllatus (Beireis, 1783). C. Dendropsophus minusculus (Rivero, 1971). D. Dendropsophus walfordi (Bokermann, 1962). E. Elachistocleis heliannae Caramaschi, 2010. F. Hamptophryne boliviana Parker, 1927. G. Hyalinobatrachium iaspidiense (Ayarzagüena, 1992). H. Hyalinobatrachium mondolfii Señaris & Ayarzagüena, 2001. I. Hyalinobatrachium taylori (Goin, 1968). J. Hydrolaetare schmidti (Cochran & Goin, 1959). Photos: C.E. Costa-Campos.
Fig. 7 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 7. Anuran species recorded in the state of Amapá. A. Pithecopus hypochondrialis (Daudin, 1800). B. Pristimantis chiastonotus (Lynch & Hoogmoed, 1977). C. Pristimantis gutturalis (Hoogmoed, Lynch & Lescure, 1977). D. Pristimantis inguinalis (Parker, 1940). E. Pristimantis crepitaculus Fouquet, Peloso, Jairam, Lima, Mônico, Ernst & Kok, 2022. F. Pristimantis zeuctotylus (Lynch & Hoogmoed, 1977). G. Pseudis paradoxa (Linnaeus, 1758). H. Pseudopaludicola boliviana Parker, 1927. I. Ranitomeya variabilis Zimmermann & Zimmermann, 1988. J. Rhaebo guttatus (Schneider, 1799). Photos: C.E. Costa-Campos.
Fig. 1 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 1. Anuran species recorded in the state of Amapá. A. Adelophryne amapaensis Taucce, CostaCampos, Haddad & Carvalho, 2020. B. Adenomera andreae Müller, 1923. C. Adenomera heyeri Boistel, Massary & Angulo, 2006. D. Adenomera hylaedactyla (Cope, 1868). E. Allobates femoralis Boulenger, 1884. F. Allophryne ruthveni Gaige, 1926. G. Amazophrynella teko Rojas, Fouquet, Ron, HernándezRuz, Melo-Sampaio, Chaparro, Vogt, Carvalho, Pinheiro, Ávila, Farias, Gordo & Hrbek, 2018. H. Ameerega pulchripecta (Silverstone, 1976). I. Anomaloglossus baeobatrachus (Boistel & Massary, 1999). J. Atelopus hoogmoedi Lescure, 1974. Photos: C.E. Costa-Campos.
A rapidly evolving high-amplitude δ Scuti star crossing the Hertzsprung Gap
<p>The datasets includes the work folder which we used in the paper to construct the evolutionary models based on MESA (r15140).</p>
Meta-analysis reveals challenges and gaps for genome-to-phenome research underpinning plant drought response.
<p>Data used to identify species occurring in hyperarid environments for analyses described in "Meta-analysis reveals challenges and gaps for genome-to-phenome research underpinning plant drought response." The "PlantsLackingHumanUse_PrelimQCd_Data.csv" contains data for all plants queried, while "HyperArid_Occurrences.csv" contains the subset of data corresponding to plants occurring in hyperarid environments.</p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Gruber B, Evans D, Henle K, Bauch B, Schmeller D, Dziock F, Henry P, Lengyel S, Margules C, Dormann C (2012) "Mind the gap!" – How well does Natura 2000 cover species of European interest? Nature Conservation 3: 45-62. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.3.3732
The table shows the 54 gap species ordered by species group. Please note: The comment column is based on expert opinion of the European Topic Centre, which has the latest version of the Natura2000 data base and also knowledge on confidential sites, which are deleted from the public version of the data base to protect rare species.
R code and associated data for: A review of riverine ecosystem service quantification: research gaps and recommendations
<p>This publication contains the R code and associated data used in the Journal of Applied Ecology publication entitled "A review of riverine ecosystem service quantification: research gaps and recommendations". </p>
FIGURE 7 in Filling in a biogeographic gap: the first Trichomycteridae from the Parnaíba River basin (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)
FIGURE 7 | Parurohyal of Ituglanis crispim, paratype, MZUSP 12208, 26.7 mm SL. Dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.