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opencc-by-4.0Dec 2019View details →

Figs 6–9 in A New Trichodina Species (Peritrichia: Mobilida) from Anuran Tadpole Hosts, Sclerophrys spp. in the Okavango Panhandle, Botswana, with Comments on this Taxon

Figs 6–9. Micrographs of representative Trichodina koloti sp. nov. specimens from each of the six populations measured from the Nxamasere Floodplain; 6–8 – collected from the skin and gills of Sclerophrys gutturalis (Power, 1927); 9 – collected from the skin and gills of S. poweri (Hewitt, 1935) tadpoles during the 2016 winter (July to August) expedition (scale = 10 µm).

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2015View details →

Fig. 2 in The abundance of specialist and generalist lepidopteran larvae on a single host plant species: Does spatial scale matter?

Fig. 2. Specialist lepidopteran species on Roupala montana. (A–C) Chlamydastis platyspora: (A) larva, (B) larva inside the shelter, (C) adult; (E–G) Stenoma cathosiota: (E) larva, (F) shelter, (G) adult; (H–J) species of new genus of Depressariidae: (H) larva,(I) shelter, (J) adult; (K–M) Idalus lineosus: (K–L) 6th instar showing variation in color, (M) adult; (N–O) Symmachia hippodice: (N) larva, (O) adult female, (P) adult male; (Q–S) Eomichla sp.: (Q–R) larva inside the shelter, (S) adult.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2015View details →

Fig. 1 in The abundance of specialist and generalist lepidopteran larvae on a single host plant species: Does spatial scale matter?

Fig. 1. Locations of the 5 study areas, as follows: A) a map of Brazil, with the coverage area of the Cerrado Biome shaded; B) a map of Goiás State, showing the locations of Parque Estadual dos Pireneus (PEP) and Parque Nacional Chapada dos Veadeiros (PNCV); and C) a map of Distrito Federal (DF), showing the locations of Fazenda Água Limpa (FAL), Parque Nacional de Brasília (PNB), and Jardim Botânico de Brasília (JBB).

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2015View details →

Fig. 1 in The effect of host plant species on the detoxifying enzymes of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae)

Fig. 1. Enzymatic activity of (A) general esterase (EST), (B) glutathione S-transferase (GST), and (C) cytochrome monooxygenase P450 from Diaphorina citri reared on Citrus sinensis, Murraya paniculata, and Bergera koenigii. Means with the same letter are not significantly different from each other (P <0.05, Fisher's protected LSD test).

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2015View details →

Fig 1 in Development of Microplitis similis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on two candidate host species, Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Fig 1. Age–stage specific survival rates (Sx) of Micropletis similis that developed in Spodoptera exigua (A) and in S. litura (B).

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2015View details →

Fig 2 in Development of Microplitis similis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on two candidate host species, Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Fig 2. Daily body weight of parasitized and non-parasitized Spodoptera exigua (A) and S. litura (B). Each datum is shown as a mean ± SE.

Fig. 4 in Direction and timing of dispersal of Scirtothrips dorsalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on select ornamental host plant species in south Florida

Fig. 4. Flight behavior of Scirtothrips dorsalis during the day. Mean hourly captures of adults at (A) greenhouse and (B) field sites of TREC and MREC by the time sampled and cumulative degree-hours. Symbols represent means ± SD. An asterisk (*) indicates a significant difference between test locations at a given time based on a t-test at P ≤ 0.05.

Fig. 2 in Direction and timing of dispersal of Scirtothrips dorsalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on select ornamental host plant species in south Florida

Fig. 2. Population estimates and dispersal of Scirtothrips dorsalis to 2 hosts at TREC, 19 Jul to 27 Sep 2007. (A) Mean weekly numbers of nymphs and pupae found on buttonwood foliage. (B) Mean weekly numbers of adults washed from plant terminals with data from buttonwood and schefflera pooled. (C) Mean weekly captures of adults on yellow sticky-card traps behind buttonwood and schefflera plants. Symbols represent means ± SD. An asterisk (*) indicates a significant difference from the other weeks according to 1-way ANOVAs and t-test comparisons at P ≤ 0.05. Mean weekly temperatures (T °C) and relative humidity (RH %) for the 3 mo period are shown parallel to the X-axis (FAWN 2007).

Fig. 1 in Direction and timing of dispersal of Scirtothrips dorsalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on select ornamental host plant species in south Florida

Fig. 1. Experimental setups. (A) Population estimates and dispersal from rose to buttonwood and schefflera. Darkest grey represents rose, whereas the 2 lighter grey shades represent buttonwood or schefflera with the same shade of grey representing the same plant species. (B) Flight behavior during the day. Circles represent potted rose plants in 11 L containers. Small black rectangles denote locations of yellow sticky-card traps relative to each plot.

Fig. 3 in Direction and timing of dispersal of Scirtothrips dorsalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on select ornamental host plant species in south Florida

Fig. 3. Population estimates and dispersal of Scirtothrips dorsalis to 2 hosts: cumulative data for the 11 wk test period. (A) Mean damage ratings on a scale of 0 to 5. (B) On-plant densities of S. dorsalis. (C) Weekly captures of adults on yellow sticky-card traps. (D) Weekly captures of adults on yellow sticky-card traps by cardinal direction of traps from plants. Symbols represent means ± SD. An asterisk (*) indicates a significant difference at P ≤ 0.05 (A–C) between host plant species according to t-tests or (D) from the other host plant pairs at other cardinal orientations based on a 1-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey–Kramer HSD test.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2015View details →

Fig. 1 in A survey of Angiostrongylus species in definitive hosts in Queensland

Fig. 1. Images of two principal Rattus spp., Angiostrongylus cantonensis and its putative intermediate host from a survey conducted in Brisbane, Australia, 2012—2014. A: Rattus rattus was the most prevalent species of rat found in this survey. B: Rattus fuscipes. C: Adult A. cantonensis in pulmonary arteries of Rattus rattus. D: Helix aspersa found is Brisbane harbouring Angiostrongylus larvae.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2015View details →

Fig. 2 in A survey of Angiostrongylus species in definitive hosts in Queensland

Fig. 2. Adult Angiostrongylus spp. recovered from pulmonary arteries of Rattus rattus (A. cantonensis) and Rattus fuscipes (A. mackerrasae) trapped in Brisbane, Australia, 2012—2015. A: Posterior end of female A. cantonensis; B: Posterior end of female A. mackerrasae: The distance between vulva and posterior end is very similar between the two species; C: Male A. cantonensis and D: Male A. mackerrasae: Spicule length is about 2.5 times longer in A. cantonensis.

Fig. 4 in Variations in infection levels and parasite-induced mortality among sympatric cryptic lineages of native amphipods and a congeneric invasive species: Are native hosts always losing?

Fig. 4. Parasite abundance as a function of amphipod body size (used as a proxy for age) in each of the 8 amphipod MOTUs. The polynomial effect of body size on parasite abundance is modeled with a general mixed effect linear model with a Poisson distribution and a log link function. The y axis is in log scale for representation purposes. Body size is rescaled to initial values in the graph for representation purposes. Predicted curves are represented in plain black lines with their standard errors in dotted lines.

Fig. 2 in Variations in infection levels and parasite-induced mortality among sympatric cryptic lineages of native amphipods and a congeneric invasive species: Are native hosts always losing?

Fig. 2. Mean parasite prevalences (proportion of infected individuals in %) among amphipod populations/sampling sites and their bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals in the different MOTUs sampled and for the three acanthocephalan species, separately and overall (all three parasites grouped). Overall prevalences in MOTUs assigned different letters are significantly different at the 0.05 level.

Fig. 1 in Variations in infection levels and parasite-induced mortality among sympatric cryptic lineages of native amphipods and a congeneric invasive species: Are native hosts always losing?

Fig. 1. Genetic divergence levels (%) among MOTUs of the G. fossarum/G. pulex species complex found in our sampling sites/rivers. Gammarus roeseli was identified morphologically rather than genetically.

Fig. 3 in Variations in infection levels and parasite-induced mortality among sympatric cryptic lineages of native amphipods and a congeneric invasive species: Are native hosts always losing?

Fig. 3. Mean parasite abundances (mean number of acanthocephalan larvae per individual host) among amphipod populations/sampling sites and their bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals in the different MOTUs sampled and for the three acanthocephalan species, separately and overall (all three parasites grouped). Overall abundances in MOTUs assigned different letters are significantly different at the 0.05 level.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2019View details →

Fig. 1 in Evidence of red panda as an intermediate host of Toxoplasma gondii and Sarcocystis species

Fig. 1. Sarcocysts and Toxoplasma gondii cysts in red panda or mice. A: Tissue cysts, leg muscle, red panda. Two oval cysts (arrow) were observed in the skeletal muscle cell. The walls of the two cysts (arrowhead) were deeply stained by eosin. Red panda, H&E. B: Partial magnification of figure A. a, The wall of the cyst was clearly and deeply stained by eosin. b, The bradyzoites were like cresent or banana, they were arranged in packets (arrowhead). c, Necleus of host cell. C: Tissue cyst (arrow) was cross reacted with T. gondii, the cysts were separated by septa and formed many compartments (arrowhead), leg muscle. T. gondii antibody, red panda, IHC. D: Tissue cysts of T. gondii in brain of mouse (arrows), brain squash, unstained, 75DPI. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2018View details →

Fig. 5 in First record of viviparity in polystomatid flatworms (Monogenea: Polystomatidae) with the description of two new species of Madapolystoma from the Madagascan anuran hosts Blommersia domerguei and Mantella expectata

Fig. 5. Scatter diagram of a × c plotted against b × c for all known Madapolystoma spp., M. magnahami n. sp. and M. isaloensis n. sp. The ellipses represent 95% of the confidence interval about the mean.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2018View details →

Fig. 4. a–b in First record of viviparity in polystomatid flatworms (Monogenea: Polystomatidae) with the description of two new species of Madapolystoma from the Madagascan anuran hosts Blommersia domerguei and Mantella expectata

Fig. 4. a–b) Ventral view of M. isaloensis n. sp. holotype. (c) Hamuli from mature specimens and (d) Marginal hooklets 1–8. Scale bars: B, 200 μm; C, 100 μm; D, 20 μm. Abbreviations: de, developing embryo; ee, early embryo; ev, excretory vessel; gb, genital bulb; gc, genito-intestinal canal; ha, hamuli. hp, haptor; ic, intestinal caecum; mh, marginal hooklet; mo, mouth; ph, pharynx; su, sucker; sv, seminal vesicle; va, vagina; vd, vas deferens; vi, vitelline follicles; vv, vitelline duct.