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263 results for “mitochondrial genetics”
Figure 5 from: Gong J, Chen B, Li B, Zhou Z, Shi Y, Ke Q, Zhang D, Xu P (2020) Genetic analysis of whole mitochondrial genome of Lateolabrax maculatus (Perciformes: Moronidae) indicates the presence of two populations along the Chinese coast. Zoologia 37: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e49046
Figure 5 Bayesian tree constructed based on 86 whole-mitochondrial sequences of Lateolabrax maculatus. Each line represents one individual in the population. The reseda area and orange area represent north population and south population, respectively. Lateolabrax japonicus was used as outgroup.
Figure 6 from: Gong J, Chen B, Li B, Zhou Z, Shi Y, Ke Q, Zhang D, Xu P (2020) Genetic analysis of whole mitochondrial genome of Lateolabrax maculatus (Perciformes: Moronidae) indicates the presence of two populations along the Chinese coast. Zoologia 37: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e49046
Figure 6 The median-joining network constructed based on 78 haplotypes of Lateolabrax maculatus. Each cycle represents a haplotype, the area of the circle is proportional to the frequency of haplotype. Different geographical populations were shown in different colors.
Figure 3 from: Gong J, Chen B, Li B, Zhou Z, Shi Y, Ke Q, Zhang D, Xu P (2020) Genetic analysis of whole mitochondrial genome of Lateolabrax maculatus (Perciformes: Moronidae) indicates the presence of two populations along the Chinese coast. Zoologia 37: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e49046
Figure 3 Plot of pairwise estimates of genetic (FST) and geographical distance between populations of Lateolabrax maculatus.
Figure 4 from: Gong J, Chen B, Li B, Zhou Z, Shi Y, Ke Q, Zhang D, Xu P (2020) Genetic analysis of whole mitochondrial genome of Lateolabrax maculatus (Perciformes: Moronidae) indicates the presence of two populations along the Chinese coast. Zoologia 37: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e49046
Figure 4 Admixture analysis among all populations derived from 85 whole-mitochondrial sequences. The K value was set 2 and 3.
Figure 2 from: Gong J, Chen B, Li B, Zhou Z, Shi Y, Ke Q, Zhang D, Xu P (2020) Genetic analysis of whole mitochondrial genome of Lateolabrax maculatus (Perciformes: Moronidae) indicates the presence of two populations along the Chinese coast. Zoologia 37: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e49046
Figure 2 The structure of Lateolabrax maculatus mitochondrial genome. The total length of mitochondrial genome of L. maculatus was 16,601 bp comprising 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 rRNA genes and 22 tRNA genes. 249 high-confidence single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites and 24 indels was identified in 85 individuals.
Figure 1 from: Gong J, Chen B, Li B, Zhou Z, Shi Y, Ke Q, Zhang D, Xu P (2020) Genetic analysis of whole mitochondrial genome of Lateolabrax maculatus (Perciformes: Moronidae) indicates the presence of two populations along the Chinese coast. Zoologia 37: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e49046
Figure 1 Locations of 12 sampling sites of Lateolabrax maculatus. 85 individuals of L. maculatus were collected from 12 geographic locations including Tianjin (TJ), Yantai (YT), Wendeng (WD), Lianyungang (LY), Zhoushan (ZS), Wenzhou (WZ), Shantou (ST), Shenzhen (SZ), Zhanjiang (ZJ), Haikang (HK), Tieshan (TS), Fangcheng (FC) along Chinese coastal waters. The average sea surface temperature (SST) of 1981-2010 at 12 sampling sites were retrieved from NOAA Optimum Interpolation (OI) Sea Surface Temperature (SST) V2 (https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.noaa.oisst.v2.html).
Data from: Tracking the origins of fly invasions; using mitochondrial haplotype diversity to identify potential source populations in two genetically intertwined fruit fly species (Bactrocera carambolae and Bactrocera dorsalis [Diptera: Tephritidae])
Bactrocera carambolae Drew and Hancock and B. dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) are important pests of many fruits. These flies have been spread across the world through global travel and trade, and new areas are are at risk of invasion. Whenever new invasive populations are discovered, quick and accurate identification is needed to mitigate the damage they can cause. Determining invasive pathways can prevent further spread of pests as well as subsequent reinvasions through the same pathway. Molecular markers can be used for both species identification and pathway analysis. We analyzed 1601 individuals from 18 populations using 765 base pairs of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene to infer the haplotype diversity and population structure within these flies from across their native and invasive ranges. We analyzed these samples by either grouping by species or geographic populations due to the genetic similarity in the mitochondrial genome. We found no genetic structure between B. dorsalis and B. carambolae and our findings suggest recent and most likely ongoing, genetic exchange between these two species in the wild. Hyper-diverse mitochondrial genetic diversity in the native range suggests large population sizes and relatively high mutation rates. Only 52% of the haplotypes found in the trap captures from California are shared with haplotypes from flies found in our global survey, indicating significant genetic diversity in the native range that is missing from our samples. However, these results provide a foundation for the accurate determination of the provenance of invasive populations around the world.
Data from: Elevated genetic diversity of mitochondrial genes in asexual populations of bark lice ("Psocoptera": Echmepteryx hageni)
Asexual reproduction is commonly thought to be associated with low genetic diversity in animals. Echmepteryx hageni (Insecta: "Psocoptera") is one of several psocopteran species that are primarily parthenogenetic, but also exists in small, isolated sexual populations. We used mitochondrial DNA sequences to investigate the population history and genealogical relationships between the sexual and asexual forms of this species. The asexual population of E. hageni exhibits extremely high mitochondrial haplotype diversity (H = 0.98), whereas the sexual forms had significantly lower haplotypic diversity (H = 0.25, after correcting for sample size). This diversity in asexuals represents one the greatest genetic diversities reported for asexual animals in the literature. Nucleotide diversities were also higher in asexual compared to sexual populations (π = 0.0071 vs. 0.00027). Compared to other reported estimates of π in insects, asexual nucleotide diversity is high, but not remarkably elevated. Three hypotheses might explain the elevated genetic diversity of asexual populations: 1) larger effective population size, 2) greater mutation rate, or 3) possible recent origin of sexuals. In addition, phylogeographic analysis revealed little geographic structure among asexual E. hageni, although specimens from the upper Midwest form a single clade and are genetically differentiated. The mismatch distribution and neutrality tests indicate a historical population size increase, possibly associated with expansion from glacial refugia.
Fig. 1 in Genetic variation in the spotted seal (Phoca largha Pallas, 1811) from the Rimsky-Korsakov Archipelago (Peter the Great Bay, western sea of Japan) as inferred from mitochondrial DNA control region sequences
Fig. 1. Map of the Phoca largha sampling site.
Figure 3 from: Raupach MJ, Rulik B, Spelda J (2022) Surprisingly high genetic divergence of the mitochondrial DNA barcode fragment (COI) within Central European woodlice species (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). ZooKeys 1082: 103-125. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1082.69851
Figure 3 Subtree of the Neighbor-joining topology based on Kimura 2-parameter distances of all analyzed specimens of Platyarthrus hoffmannseggii Brandt, 1833 and nearest neighbor. Branches with specimen ID-number from BOLD and sample localities. Numbers next to internal nodes are non-parametric bootstrap values (in %) with values higher than 80. BIN values are based on the barcode analysis from 05-06-2020. The isopod drawing by Christian Schmidt was obtained from Raupach (2005).
Supplementary material 2 from: Raupach MJ, Rulik B, Spelda J (2022) Surprisingly high genetic divergence of the mitochondrial DNA barcode fragment (COI) within Central European woodlice species (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). ZooKeys 1082: 103-125. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1082.69851
Neighbor-joining topology
Supplementary material 1 from: Raupach MJ, Rulik B, Spelda J (2022) Surprisingly high genetic divergence of the mitochondrial DNA barcode fragment (COI) within Central European woodlice species (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). ZooKeys 1082: 103-125. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1082.69851
Barcode analysis using the BOLD workbench
Figure 1 from: Raupach MJ, Rulik B, Spelda J (2022) Surprisingly high genetic divergence of the mitochondrial DNA barcode fragment (COI) within Central European woodlice species (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). ZooKeys 1082: 103-125. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1082.69851
Figure 1 Various woodlouse species of Germany AOniscus asellus Linnaeus, 1758 BArmadillidium nasatum Budde-Lund, 1885 CTrachelipus ratzeburgii (Brandt, 1833) DMesonicus alpicola (Heller, 1858) EPhiloscia muscorum (Scopoli, 1763) FHaplophthalmus mariae Strouhal, 1953 GArmadillidium opacum (C. Koch, 1841) HPlatyarthrus hoffmannseggii Brandt, 1833. Scale bar: 1 mm. Photograph credits: A–G Jörg Spelda H Armin Rose.
Supplementary material 3 from: Raupach MJ, Rulik B, Spelda J (2022) Surprisingly high genetic divergence of the mitochondrial DNA barcode fragment (COI) within Central European woodlice species (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). ZooKeys 1082: 103-125. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1082.69851
Neighbor-joining topology of the BOLD workbench including BIN analysis
Figure 2 from: Raupach MJ, Rulik B, Spelda J (2022) Surprisingly high genetic divergence of the mitochondrial DNA barcode fragment (COI) within Central European woodlice species (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). ZooKeys 1082: 103-125. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1082.69851
Figure 2 Neighbor-joining (NJ) topology of the analyzed isopod species based on Kimura 2-parameter distances. Triangles show the relative number of individual's sampled (height) and sequence divergence (width). Red triangles highlight terrestrial species with intraspecific maximum pairwise distances > 2.2%, whereas dark blue triangles indicate freshwater species with such distances. Numbers next to nodes represent non-parametric bootstrap values > 90% (1,000 replicates). Asterisks indicate species not recorded in Germany.
Supplementary material 1 from: Homberger L, Xu J, Brandis D, Chan T-Y, Keirsebelik H, Normant-Saremba M, Schoelynck J, Chu KH, Ewers-Saucedo C (2022) Genetic and morphological evidence indicates the persistence of Japanese mitten crab mitochondrial DNA in Europe for over 20 years and its introgression into Chinese mitten crabs. NeoBiota 73: 137-152. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.73.72566
Table S1. Master spreadsheet with morphological and genetic information for each specimen
FIGURE 96 in Mitochondrial genetics of Ophiderini, with a new species from the Eudocima phalonia species group (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Calpinae)
FIGURE 96. Fruit-feeding moths.
FIGURE 90 in Mitochondrial genetics of Ophiderini, with a new species from the Eudocima phalonia species group (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Calpinae)
FIGURE 90. Live adults of Neotropical Eudocima and Ferenta species.
FIGURE 89 in Mitochondrial genetics of Ophiderini, with a new species from the Eudocima phalonia species group (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Calpinae)
FIGURE 89. Live adults of Phyllodes species.
FIGURE 94 in Mitochondrial genetics of Ophiderini, with a new species from the Eudocima phalonia species group (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Calpinae)
FIGURE 94. Live adults of Eudocima species.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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