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4,014 results for “nutrition”
Mini Nutritional Assessment tool validation project
<p><strong>Background</strong>: The health status of older people is usually overlooked in many low-income countries like Ethiopia. Appropriate nutritional assessment improves the health of old age people. The Mini Nutritional Assessment tool is a noninvasive and cheap practical evaluation tool that provides a simple and quick method of evaluating the nutritional status of old age people. The tool has multiple versions of confirmed validity in diverse languages, except in Amharic. Furthermore, the tool has still not been properly validated for Ethiopian old age people.</p> <p><strong>Objective</strong>: The purpose of this study was to translate the Mini Nutritional Assessment tool into the Amharic language and validate it among old age people in Bahir Dar City.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: This tool translation and validation study followed normal COSMIN Study design and reporting guidelines. The study was conducted in three stepwise phases from January 16 to March 13, 2021. The first phase was reviewing and selecting nutritional assessment tools for old age people. In the second phase, the selected Mini Nutritional Assessment tool was translated and reviewed by experts. Using the heterogenous purposive sample, ten healthcare specialists with professional experience in the care of old age people were chosen for this step. The experts examined the face and content validity of the Amharic version of the instrument in two rounds of the Delphi technique. Finally, after incorporating the experts' suggestions and comments, a cross-sectional study was conducted among old age people for psychometric validation. The participant-to-variables ratio of the 10:1 rule of thumb was followed for the minimum sample size. Since the Mini Nutritional Assessment tool has 18 items, 180 community-dwelling old-age people were selected in multistage cluster sampling from Belay Zeleke, one of the sub-cities of Bahir Dar City. Principal component analysis was used to measure construct validity while Cronbach's alpha was employed to assess internal consistency reliability.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: As experts reviewed, all items in the translated tool are socially acceptable and have no taboo or sensitive words. The translated tool's content validity ratio was 0.93, and its scale validities (S-CVI/Ave and S-CVI/AU) were 0.97 and 0.83, respectively. Moreover, 180 community-dwelling old age people aged 60 to 90 years old participated in a psychometric evaluation study. Construct validity of the tool was confirmed with factor loadings ranging from 0.47 to 0.89 with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.65. The tool had a sensitivity and specificity of 97% and 83%, respectively.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: The Amharic version of the Mini Nutritional Assessment tool showed good cross-cultural adaption, internal consistency reliability, and construct validity in Bahir Dar community-dwelling old age people. The tool can be used in regular care activities for aged people.</p>
Nutritional Value Formation of Silkworm Pupa at Different Growth Stages: Analysis from Multi-omics Perspective
<p>Silkworm pupa (Bombyx mori) is affinal drug and diet in China, which is rich in protein and human essential amino acids. However, it is unclear how the internal nutritional composition changes and the antioxidant situation throughout the transformation of a silkworm pupa into a silkworm moth. In this study, we investigated the samples from four growth stages during silkworm pupal emergence by integrating proteomics and metabolomics. The results of the systematic bioinformatics study revealed that the growth of silkworm pupae considerably altered the ribosome-related genetic expression, cuticle development, and folate metabolism. The partial redox-active amino acid levels and the level of peroxiredoxin 1 expression were consistent with the fact that the total antioxidant capacity was higher in 7- and 10-day-old silkworm pupae. As compared to silkworm pupae, the amounts of fatty acids rose while those of amino acids, peptides, and organic acids dropped. This research also discovered that the altered protein profiles of silkworm pupae were controlled by the differential expression of mTOR signaling proteins (V-ATPase, S6, eIF4E) and ubiquitin mediate proteins (RP-L40e, UBE2L3, UBE2N, SKP1, ELOC). This study provided a new scientific foundation for the development and utilization of edible insect silkworm pupa functional food products.</p>
BSFFP, BSFFA, CPC, Control Treatment/No Fertilizer - Fertilizers, Post-harvest Soils, Amaranthus dubius Post-harvest Nutritional Values, Potting Soil Medium Chemical Analyses Raw Data
<p>BSFFP (Plant-based wastes Feeding Substrate BSFF frass), BSFFA (Animal-based wastes Feeding Substrate BSFF frass), CPC (Commercial Plant-based Compost Fertilizer), Control Treatment/No Fertilizer <em>Amaranthus dubius </em>Nutritional Values, Potting Soil Medium Chemical Analyses Raw Data - Nitrification and Nitrate Uptake Properties. - Agronomy MDPI 2023. </p>
A nutrition-defense tradeoff drives diet choice in a toxic plant generalist
<p>Plant toxicity shapes the dietary choices of herbivores. Especially when herbivores sequester plant toxins, they may experience a tradeoff between gaining protection from natural enemies and avoiding toxicity. The availability of toxins for sequestration may additionally trade off with the nutritional quality of a potential food source for sequestering herbivores. We hypothesized that diet mixing might allow a sequestering herbivore to balance nutrition and defense (via sequestration of plant toxins). Accordingly, here we address diet mixing and sequestration of large milkweed bugs (<em>Oncopeltus fasciatus</em>) when they have differential access to toxins (cardenolides) in their diet. In the absence of toxins from a preferred food (milkweed seeds), large milkweed bugs fed on nutritionally adequate non-toxic seeds, but supplemented their diet by feeding on nutritionally poor, but cardenolide-rich milkweed leaf and stem tissues. This dietary shift corresponded to reduced insect growth but facilitated sequestration of defensive toxins. Plant production of cardenolides was also substantially induced by bug feeding on leaf and stem tissues, perhaps benefitting this cardenolide-resistant herbivore. Thus, sequestration appears to drive diet mixing in this toxic plant generalist, even at the cost of feeding on nutritionally poor plant tissue.</p>
Cognitive development among children in a low-income setting: cost-effectiveness analysis of a maternal nutrition education intervention in rural Uganda
<p><span>Inadequate nutrition and insufficient stimulation in early childhood can lead to long-term deficits in cognitive and social development. Evidence for policy and decision-making regarding the cost of delivering nutrition education is lacking in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). In rural Uganda, we conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT) examining the effect of a maternal nutrition education intervention on developmental outcomes among children aged 6–8 months. This intervention led to significantly improved cognitive scores when the children reached the age of 20–24 months. When considering the potential for this intervention's future implementation, the desired effects should be weighed against the increased costs.</span><span> This study therefore aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of this education intervention compared with current practice.</span><span> Health outcome data were based on the RCT. Cost data were collected via interviews with researchers involved in processing the intervention. This study considered a healthcare provider perspective for an 18-month time horizon.</span><span> The control group was considered as the current practice for the future large-scale implementation of this intervention. </span><span>A cost-effectiveness analysis was performed, including calculations of incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). In addition, uncertainty in the results was characterized using one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. The ICER for the education intervention compared with current practice was USD ($) 16.50 per cognitive composite score gained, with an incremental cost of </span><span>$265.79 and an incremental cognitive composite score of 16.11. The sensitivity analyses indicated the robustness of these results. The ICER was sensitive to changes in cognitive composite score and the cost of personnel, but the education intervention can be considered cost-effective compared with the current practice. The outcome of this study, including the cost analysis, health outcome, cost-effectiveness, and sensitivity analysis, can be useful to inform policymakers and stakeholders about effective resource allocation processes in Uganda and possibly other LMIC.</span></p>
Phosphorus nutrition strategies in a symbiodiniacean species: Implications in coral-alga symbiosis facing increasing phosphorus deficiency in future warmer oceans
<p><span>Coral reefs thrive in the oligotrophic ocean and rely on symbiotic algae to acquire nutrients. </span><span>Global warming is projected to intensify surface ocean nutrient deficiency and anthropogenic discharge of wastes with high nitrogen (N): phosphorus (P) ratios can exacerbate P nutrient limitation. However, our understanding on how symbiotic algae cope with P deficiency is limited. Here, we </span><span>investigated the responses of a coral symbiotic species of <em>Symbiodiniaceae, Cladocopium goreaui</em>, to P-limitation by examining its physiological performance and transcriptomic profile. </span><span>Under P stress, <em>C. goreaui</em> exhibited decreases in algal growth, photosynthetic efficiency, and cellular P content but enhancement in carbon fixation, N assimilation, N:P ratio, and energy metabolism, with downregulated expression of carbohydrate exporter genes. Besides, <em>C. goreaui </em>showed flexible mechanisms of utilizing different dissolved organic phosphorus to relieve P deficiency. When provided glycerol phosphate,<em> C. goreaui</em> hydrolyzed it extracellularly to produce phosphate for uptake. When grown on phytate, in contrast, <em>C. goreaui</em> upregulated the endocytosis pathway while no dissolved inorganic phosphorus was released into the medium, suggesting that phytate was transported into the cell, potentially via the endocytosis pathway. This study sheds light on the survival strategies of <em>C. goreaui</em> and potential weakening of its role as an organic carbon supplier in P-limited environments, underscoring the importance of more systematic investigation on future projections of such effects.</span></p>
Assessing the evolutionary lability of insulin signaling in the regulation of nutritional plasticity across traits and species of horned dung beetles
<p><span>Nutrition-dependent growth of sexual traits is a major contributor to phenotypic diversity and a large body of research documents insulin signaling as a major regulator of nutritional plasticity. However, findings across studies raise the possibility that the role of individual components within the insulin signaling pathway diverge in function among traits and taxa. Here, we use RNAi-mediated transcript depletion in the gazelle dung beetle to investigate the functions of <em>forkhead box O </em>(<em>Foxo</em>) and two paralogs of the insulin receptor (<em>InR1</em> and <em>InR2</em>) in shaping nutritional plasticity in polyphenic male head horns, exaggerated fore legs, and weakly nutrition-responsive genitalia. Our functional genetic manipulations led to three main findings: <em>Foxo<sup>RNAi</sup></em> reduced the length of exaggerated head horns in large males, while neither <em>InR1</em> nor <em>InR2</em> knock-downs resulted in measurable horn phenotypes. These results are similar to those documented previously for another horned dung beetle species (<em>Onthophagus</em> <em>taurus</em>), but in stark contrast to findings in rhinoceros beetles. Secondly, knockdown of <em>Foxo</em>, <em>InR1</em>, and <em>InR2</em> led to an increase in the intercept or slope of the scaling relationship of genitalia size. These results are in contrast even to results documented previously for O. taurus. Lastly, while <em>Foxo<sup>RNAi</sup></em> reduces male forelegs in <em>D. gazella</em> and <em>O. taurus</em>, the effects of <em>InR1</em> and <em>InR2</em> knockdowns diverged across dung beetle species. Taken together, our results add to the growing body of literature indicating that despite insulin signaling's conserved role as a regulator of nutritional plasticity, the functions of its components may diversify among traits and species. </span></p>
Functional Exercise and Nutrition Education Program for Older Adults
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04037436. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 16.
Primary Care Pediatrics Learning Activity and Nutrition With Families
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02873715. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 8.
Nutritional Education and the Prevention of Iron Depletion in Children 9 Months to 2 Years
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00907088. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
ACTION PAC: Adolescents Committed to Improvement of Nutrition & Physical Activity
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02502383. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.
Effect of Intermittent Fasting and Mediterranean Diet on Body Composition and Nutritional Intake
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07378267. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Prophylactic Ethanol Lock Therapy (ELT) in Patients on Home Parenteral Nutrition
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02227329. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Online WIC Nutrition Education to Promote Farmers' Market Fruit and Vegetable Purchases and Consumption
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02565706. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
The Effects of Weight and Nutrition Education on Weight Control Beliefs, Body Image, Self-Esteem and Eating Patterns in Undergraduate Dieters
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07349316. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effect of a Plant-Focused Diet on Nutritional Status in Malnourished Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07157397. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Lifestyle, Exercise, and Nutrition Study Early After Diagnosis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03314688. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Anamorelin Hydrochloride, Physical Activity, and Nutritional Counseling in Decreasing Cancer-Related Fatigue in Patients With Incurable Metastatic or Recurrent Solid Tumors
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03035409. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Physiological Effects of Nutritional Support in Patients With Parkinson's Disease
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02445651. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Healthy Mothers-Healthy Children Nutrition
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03866902. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.