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539 results for “organic carbon”
Small, coastal temperate rainforest watersheds dominate organic carbon transport to the northeast Pacific Ocean
The northeast Pacific Coastal Temperate Rainforest (NPCTR) extending from southeast Alaska to northern California is characterized by high precipitation and large stores of recently fixed biological carbon. We show that 3.4 Tg-C yr-1 as DOC is exported from the NPCTR drainage basin to the coastal ocean. More than 56% of this riverine DOC flux originates from thousands of small (mean = 118 km2), coastal watersheds that comprise 22% of the NPCTR drainage basin. The average DOC yield from NPCTR coastal watersheds (6.20 g-C m-2 yr-1) exceeds that from Earth’s tropical regions by roughly a factor of three. The highest yields occur in small, coastal watersheds in the central NPCTR due to the balance of moderate temperature, high precipitation, and high soil organic carbon stocks. These findings indicate that DOC export from NPCTR watersheds may play an important role in regional-scale heterotrophy within near-shore marine ecosystems in the northeast Pacific. These are the datasets used in this analysis
Effects of drying temperature on potential carbon mineralization and water-extractable organic carbon in Iowa cropland and riparian buffer soils
Measuring carbon dioxide (CO2) produced after re-wetting a previously dried soil is an increasingly popular soil health assay, but there is disagreement on the optimal soil drying temperature. We tested whether soil drying temperature impacts water-extractable organic carbon (WEOC) and soil CO2 emissions (potential carbon mineralization) following rewetting of dried soil. Samples were collected at four sites in north-central Iowa, US, and each site had soils planted to corn/soybean or perennial vegetation. The dataset includes measurements of WEOC prior to the incubation experiment, and measurements of CO2 flux and its stable carbon isotope ratio over the course of a 28-day incubation. The manuscript describing these data is under review in Geoderma.
Dissolved organic carbon concentrations for seasonal synoptic sampling of 100 urban streams in Boston, Massachusetts (USA) from 2021-2022
This dataset contains dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations from surface water samples collected at 100 urban stream locations in the greater Boston, Massachusetts metropolitan area. Samples were collected four times (September 2021, November 2021, April 2022, and July 2022) to capture spatial and seasonal variation in DOC concentrations. Filtered stream samples were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon concentration. These data were collected as part of the Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry (CURB) Project. Detailed field data and site data are published separately and can be linked using the “curbid” and “synoptic_event” columns in each dataset.
Dissolved organic carbon concentrations for seasonal synoptic sampling of 100 urban streams in Miami, Florida (USA) from 2021-2022
This dataset contains dissolved organic carbon concentrations from surface water samples collected at 100 urban stream and canal locations in the greater Miami, Florida metropolitan area. Samples were collected five times across different seasons to capture spatial and seasonal variation in DOC concentration. These events include the wet seasons of 2021 and 2022, as well as the dry season of 2022, specifically: Summer 2021 (Wet; July 8 to July 27), Fall 2021 (Wet; September 27 to October 7), Winter 2022 (Dry; January 3 to January 13), Spring 2022 (Dry; April 7 to April 23), and Summer 2022 (Wet; June 1 to June 13). These data were collected as part of the Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry (CURB) Project. Detailed field data and site data are published separately and can be linked using the “curbid” and “synoptic_event” columns in each dataset.
Dissolved organic carbon concentrations for seasonal synoptic sampling of 100 urban streams in Portland, Oregon (USA) from 2023-2024
This dataset contains dissolved organic carbon concentrations from surface water samples collected at 100 urban stream locations in the greater Portland, Oregon metropolitan area. Samples were collected four times (July 2023, October 2023, January/February 2024, and May 2024) to capture spatial and seasonal variation in DOC concentrations. Filtered stream samples were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon concentration. These data were collected as part of the Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry (CURB) Project. Detailed field data and site data are published separately and can be linked using the “curbid” and “synoptic_event” columns in each dataset
Dissolved organic carbon concentrations for seasonal synoptic sampling of 100 urban streams in Salt Lake City, Utah (USA) from 2022-2023
This dataset contains dissolved organic carbon concentrations from surface water samples collected at 100 urban stream locations in the greater Salt Lake City, Utah metropolitan area. Samples were collected four times (July 2022, October 2022, February 2023, and May 2023) to capture spatial and seasonal variation in DOC concentrations. Filtered stream samples were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon concentration. These data were collected as part of the Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry (CURB) Project. Detailed field data and site data are published separately and can be linked using the “curbid” and “synoptic_event” columns in each dataset.
Dissolved organic carbon concentrations for seasonal synoptic sampling of 93 urban streams in Atlanta, Georgia (USA) from 2021-2022
This dataset contains dissolved organic carbon concentrations from surface water samples collected at 93 first- to fifth-order streams in the Altamaha, Chattahoochee, and Flint Watersheds draining a gradient of urban land use in the greater Atlanta, Georgia metropolitan area. Samples were collected four times (September 2021, December 2021, March 2022, and July 2022) to capture spatial and seasonal variation in DOC concentrations. Filtered stream samples were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon concentration. These data were collected as part of the Carbon in Urban Rivers Biogeochemistry (CURB) Project. Detailed field data and site data are published separately and can be linked using the “curbid” and “synoptic_event” columns in each dataset.
Stable isotope and conservative tracer data used to estimate uptake of stream water dissolved organic carbon (DOC) through a whole-stream addition of a ¹³C-DOC tracer coupled with laboratory measurements of bioavailability of the tracer and stream water DOC using lability profiling with bioreactors
We performed a whole-stream addition of a ¹³C-DOC tracer and made laboratory measurements of the biological availability of the tracer as well as stream water DOC. The study was performed in October 2002 in a 1.27 km stretch of the third-order White Clay Creek in southeastern Pennsylvania. The tracer was prepared as a cold-water leachate of ¹³C-labeled tulip poplar saplings and it was added to the stream along with sodium bromide, a conservative tracer, over a 2-h period. Stream water samples were collected at 8 downstream stations over an 8-h period, filtered, and analyzed for concentrations of bromide and DOC. DOC was measured by Pt-catalyzed, persulfate oxidation, Br- was analyzed by ion chromatography, and C isotope samples were rotary evaporated, acidified, lyophilized, combusted, and the CO₂ analyzed with an elemental analyzer interfaced with an isotope ratio mass spectrometer. Lability profiling of the ¹³C-DOC tracer and stream water DOC were performed with a series of plug-flow bioreactors of increasing empty-bed contact times with the concentration of biodegradable DOC operationally defined as the difference between the DOC concentrations in the influent and effluent waters of the bioreactors. The bioreactor measurements were performed 2 days after the whole-stream release. Data were analyzed to estimate the uptake of stream water DOC associated with labile and semi-labile fraction of biodegradable DOC. These data have been previously used in a 2008 publication in Freshwater Biology, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.2007.01941.x.
Dissolved organic carbon concentrations in White Clay Creek, Pennsylvania, 1977-2017
Dissolved organic carbon concentrations were measured over a period of 4 decades in a 3rd-order reach of White Clay Creek, a stream with a forested riparian zone in the Southeastern Pennsylvania Piedmont. Stream water was filtered through pre-combusted glass fiber filters and analyzed in a variety of dissolved organic carbon analyzers. The data have been used to investigate organic matter biogeochemistry and the role of dissolved organic matter in supporting heterotrophic metabolism in the stream.
Photodegradation and biodegradation of dissolved organic carbon from four lakes of varying trophic status in Pennsylvania and Florida in 2016
The enclosed data are results from a series of monthly (May-August) experiments conducted in 2016. We measured changes in five variables (dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved inorganic carbon, dissolved oxygen, the spectral slope ratio, and the DOC specific ultraviolet absorbance at 320 nm). Groundwater samples adjacent to four lakes of varying trophic status were used to assess changes in the above variables due to photodegradation and biodegradation. Three lakes (Lacawac, Giles, and Waynewood) are located in the Pocono region of Pennsylvania. The fourth lake (Annie) is located in Venus, FL. Details of the experiment can be found in Dempsey et al. 2020 (accepted at Biogeosciences). In this study, we used groundwater (terrestrial DOC) to simulate storm water inputs to the surface of a lake. We assessed the relative importance of photodegradation and biodegradation by measuring changes in the above variables. All experiments were conducted on the surface of Lake Lacawac (PA). Here, we provide our raw data from the experiments. Outgassing of carbon dioxide (CO2) from freshwater ecosystems comprises 12-25% of the total carbon flux from soils and bedrock. This CO2 is largely derived from both biodegradation and photodegradation of terrestrial dissolved organic carbon (DOC) entering lakes from wetlands and soils in the watersheds of lakes. In spite of the significance of these two processes in regulating rates of CO2 outgassing, their relative importance remains poorly understood in lake ecosystems. In this study, we used groundwater from the watersheds of one subtropical and three temperate lakes of differing trophic status to simulate the effects of increases in terrestrial DOC from storm events. We assessed the relative importance of biodegradation and photodegradation in oxidizing DOC to CO2. We measured changes in DOC concentration, colored dissolved organic carbon (SUVA320 and Sr), dissolved oxygen, and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in short-term experiment
Association of Organic Carbon with Reactive Iron Oxides
We used soils provided by the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON), along with additional samples and data collected from published studies, to characterize Fe-associated C and its relationships with climate and soil physicochemical factors across global mineral soils
Photo-oxidation and photomineralization apparent quantum yield dataset for dissolved organic carbon leached from permafrost soils collected from the North Slope of Alaska, July 2018.
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was leached from permafrost soils near the Toolik Field Station in the Alaskan Arctic and then characterized for its photochemical properties. Oxygen (O2) consumed from photo-oxidation of permafrost DOC was measured as a function of sunlight wavelength, defined as the apparent quantum yield spectrum of photo-oxidation (O2 consumed per mol photon absorbed by DOC). Carbon dioxide (CO2) produced from photomineralization of permafrost DOC was measured as a function of sunlight wavelength, defined as the apparent quantum yield spectrum of photomineralization (CO2 produced per mol photon absorbed by DOC).
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in Imnavait Creek, Foothills, Brooks Range, Alaska, 2002-2009.
This file contains data on dissolved organic carbon concentrations from the main weir at Imnavait Creek on the North Slope of Alaska. The data coverage is from 2002 to 2009. Concentrations are expressed in micromoles of carbon per liter of water.
Effects of nutrients and organic carbon on the relative proportion of primary producers (microalgae) and heterotrophic decomposers (bacteria and fungi) during aquatic biofilm development in boreal peatland located near Fairbanks Alaska - 2018
1. Producer-decomposer interactions within aquatic biofilms can range from mutualistic associations to competition depending on available resources. The outcomes of such interactions have implications for biogeochemical cycling, and as such, may be especially important in northern peatlands, which are a global carbon sink and are expected to experience changes in resource availability with climate change. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of nutrients and organic carbon on the relative proportion of primary producers (microalgae) and heterotrophic decomposers (bacteria and fungi) during aquatic biofilm development in a boreal peatland. Given that decomposers are often better competitors for nutrients than primary producers in aquatic ecosystems, we predicted that labile carbon subsidies would shift the biofilm composition towards heterotrophy owing to the ability of decomposers to outcompete primary producers for available nutrients in the absence of carbon limitation. 2. We manipulated nutrients (nitrate and phosphate) and organic carbon (glucose) in a full factorial design using nutrient-diffusing substrates in an Alaskan fen. 3. Heterotrophic bacteria were limited by organic carbon and algae were limited by inorganic nutrients. However, the outcomes of competitive interactions depended on background nutrient levels. Heterotrophic bacteria were able to outcompete algae for available nutrients when organic carbon was elevated and nutrient levels remained low, but not when organic carbon and nutrients were both elevated through enrichment. 4. Fungal biomass was significantly lower in the presence of glucose alone, possibly owing to antagonistic interactions with heterotrophic bacteria. In contrast to bacteria, fungi were stimulated along with algae following nutrient enrichment. 5. The decoupling of algae and heterotrophic bacteria in the presence of glucose alone shifted the biofilm trophic status towards heterotrophy. This effect was overturned
Particulate organic carbon and nitrogen measurements at selected depths in the water column in the CCE region since 2006 - 2024 (ongoing).
Water column bottle samples at multiple depths are taken during CCE Process cruises (since 2006, ongoing) at various CTD stations, filtered, and stored at -20°C. Measurements of particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PON) are performed onshore in the lab where samples are acidified, dried and analyzed by high-temperature combustion. The sample and tin capsule react with oxygen and combust at 1000°C, and the sample is broken down, thus converting organic carbon to CO2 and reducing nitrogen oxides to N2 gas. Both gases are measured by thermal conductivity. Samples analyzed within the CCE constrain the mean C:N ratio of small particulates and by difference relative to measured living biomass, the biomass of suspended detritus.
Total dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen measurements at selected depths in the water column from CCE LTER process cruises in the California Current System, 2006 - 2021 (ongoing).
Water column bottle samples at multiple depths are taken during CCE Process cruises (since 2006, ongoing) at various CTD stations, and measurements of total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) are performed onshore in the lab. TOC includes both dissolved and particulate organic carbon (DOC and POC, respectively). TN includes particulate and dissolved organic nitrogen as well as dissolved inorganic nitrogen species. In open ocean waters, POC is subtracted from TOC, and likely provides an accurate estimate of DOC because particles are typically small and homogeneously distributed in the sample. In coastal waters, and at stations where relatively high chlorophyll concentrations are present, the TOC measurement is not easily converted to DOC by subtracting POC values. Experience has shown that particles in these regions are large and inhomogeneously distributed. Therefore, samples collected in the CCE are reported as TOC and TN, expressed as micromoles of carbon (nitrogen) per liter of sea water.
Total dissolved organic carbon measurements at standard depths in the water column from nine CalCOFI cruises, 2008-2017.
Water column bottle samples at multiple depths are taken during CalCOFI cruises (since 2006, ongoing) at various CTD stations, and measurements of total organic carbon (TOC) are performed onshore in the lab. TOC includes both dissolved and particulate organic carbon (DOC and POC, respectively). In open ocean waters, POC is subtracted from TOC, and likely provides an accurate estimate of DOC because particles are typically small and homogeneously distributed in the sample. In coastal waters, and at stations where relatively high chlorophyll concentrations are present, the TOC measurement is not easily converted to DOC by subtracting POC values. Experience has shown that particles in these regions are large and inhomogeneously distributed. Therefore, samples collected in the CCE are reported as TOC, expressed as micromoles of carbon per liter of sea water.
Particulate organic carbon and nitrogen measurements at selected depths in the water column from CalCOFI-CCE Augmented cruises in the California Current System, 2004 - November 2022
Water column bottle samples at multiple depths are taken during CalCOFI cruises (since 2004, ongoing) at various CTD stations, filtered, and stored at -20°C. Measurements of particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PON) are performed onshore in the lab where samples are acidified, dried and analyzed by high-temperature combustion. The sample and tin capsule react with oxygen and combust at 1000°C, and the sample is broken down, thus converting organic carbon to CO2 and reducing nitrogen oxides to N2 gas. Both gases are measured by thermal conductivity. Samples analyzed within the CCE constrain the mean C:N ratio of small particulates and by difference relative to measured living biomass, the biomass of suspended detritus.
Primary production estimates from 14C uptake (in situ), determined by the incorporation of inorganic carbon into particulate organic carbon (POC) due to photosynthesis at selected light levels from CCE LTER process cruises in the California Current System, 2006 - 2021 (ongoing).
Primary productivity samples of seawater are taken each day shortly before noon on the CTD rosette up-cast during the CCE Process crusies (since 2006, ongoing). Light penetration below the surface is estimated from the Secchi disk depth. Niskin bottles from depths with ambient light intensities corresponding to light levels simulated by on-deck incubators are identified and sampled. Primary production is estimated from 14C uptake using this simulated in situ technique (followed by filtering) by which the assimilation of dissolved inorganic carbon by phytoplankton yields a measure (in µg/L/day) of the rate of photosynthetic primary production (particulate organic carbon, POC) at selected light levels in the euphotic zone within the CCE study area.
Dissolved organic carbon (doc) in stream water at watersheds 7, 14, and 27 at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Otto, North Carolina, USA.
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) plays a critical role in stream ecosystem processes. This study seeks to examine long-term patterns in DOC concentration in stream water resulting from climatic variation and associated with recovery form clear-cutting. Watershed 7 was clear-cut in 1977 as part of a multi-investigator study examining the response of both the terrestrial and aquatic communities to commercial clear-cutting.
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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