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152 results for “phyllostomid bats”
Find the Food First: An Omnivorous Sensory Morphotype Predates Biomechanical Specialization for Plant Based Diets in Phyllostomid Bats
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Data for: Reflections of Grinnellian and Eltonian niches on the distribution of phyllostomid bats in Atlantic Forest of South America
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Data from: Functional diversity of phyllostomid bats in an urban-rural landscape: a scale-dependent analysis
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Data from: Habitat fragmentation and the prevalence of parasites (Diptera, Streblidae) on three Phyllostomid bat species
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Data from: A multiple peak adaptive landscape based on feeding strategies and roosting ecology shaped the evolution of cranial covariance structure and morphological differentiation in phyllostomid bats
We explored the evolution of morphological integration in the most noteworthy example of adaptive radiation in mammals, the New World leaf-nosed bats, using a massive dataset and by combining phylogenetic comparative methods and quantitative genetic approaches. We demonstrated that the phenotypic covariance structure remained conserved on a broader phylogenetic scale but also showed a substantial divergence between inter-clade comparisons. Most of the phylogenetic structure in the integration space can be explained by splits at the beginning of the diversification of major clades. Our results provide evidence for a multiple peak adaptive landscape in the evolution of cranial covariance structure and morphological differentiation, based upon diet and roosting ecology. In this scenario, the successful radiation of phyllostomid bats was triggered by the diversification of dietary and roosting strategies, and the invasion of these new adaptive zones lead to changes in phenotypic covariance structure and average morphology. Our results suggest that intense natural selection preceded the invasion of these new adaptive zones and played a fundamental role in shaping cranial covariance structure and morphological differentiation in this hyper-diverse clade of mammals. Finally, our study demonstrates the power of combining comparative methods and quantitative genetic approaches when investigating the evolution of complex morphologies.
Data from: How much does nasal cavity morphology matter? Patterns and rates of olfactory airflow in phyllostomid bats
The morphology of the nasal cavity in mammals with a good sense of smell includes features that are thought to improve olfactory airflow, such as a dorsal conduit that delivers odours quickly to the olfactory mucosa, an enlarged olfactory recess at the back of the airway, and a clear separation of the olfactory and respiratory regions of the nose. The link between these features and having a good sense of smell has been established by functional examinations of a handful of distantly related mammalian species. In this paper, we provide the first detailed examination of olfactory airflow in a group of closely related species that nevertheless vary in their sense of smell. We study six species of phyllostomid bats that have different airway morphologies and foraging ecologies, which have been linked to differences in olfactory ability or reliance. We hypothesize that differences in morphology correlate with differences in the patterns and rates of airflow, which in turn are consistent with dietary differences. To compare species, we make qualitative and quantitative comparisons of the patterns and rates of airflow through the olfactory region during both inhalation and exhalation across the six species. Contrary to our expectations, we find no clear differences among species in either the patterns of airflow through the airway or in rates of flow through the olfactory region. By and large, olfactory airflow seems to be conserved across species, suggesting that morphological differences appear to be driven by other mechanical demands on the snout, such as breathing and feeding. Olfactory ability may depend on other aspects of the system, such as the neurobiological processing of odours that work within the existing morphology imposed by other functional demands on the nasal cavity.
Fig. 50 in Phylogeny Of Phyllostomid Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera): Data From Diverse Morphological Systems, Sex Chromosomes, And Restriction Sites
Fig. 50. Degree of external uterine fusion (character 131) optimized onto the strict consensus tree from our character congruence analysis. The ''intermediate'' state of external uterine fusion (character 131: horns one quarter the length of uterine body) is derived from the simplex condition, suggesting that external uterine fusion is not progressive. The equivocal optimization within Phyllostominae is due to missing data in Lonchorhinini. To prevent an equivocal reconstruction for the base of the clade that includes all phyllostomids except desmodontines, we examined trees in which the position of Brachyphylla was resolved and fixed the node at the base of the clade that includes all phyllostomids except desmodontines with the state that occurred under the two alternative placements for this genus.
Fig. 18 in Phylogeny Of Phyllostomid Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera): Data From Diverse Morphological Systems, Sex Chromosomes, And Restriction Sites
Fig. 18. Closeup view of the lateral column(s) of vibrissae and vibrissal papillae in A. Phyllostomus hastatus (AMNH 202308). B. Rhinophylla pumilio (AMNH 267163). C. Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum (AMNH 194213). D. Noctilio leporinus (AMNH 267408). Scale bar = 5 mm.
Fig. 13. A in Phylogeny Of Phyllostomid Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera): Data From Diverse Morphological Systems, Sex Chromosomes, And Restriction Sites
Fig. 13. A. Baker et al.'s (1989; redrawn after fig. 2) consensus tree based on morphology, immunology, and karyology. B. Van Den Bussche's (1992; redrawn from fig. 2) tree derived from mapping restriction sites onto the Baker et al. (1989) topology in an attempt to improve resolution of relationships within the clades identified by Baker et al. (1989).
Figure A2 in Gastrointestinal parasites in phyllostomid bats from the Colombian Amazon
Figure A2. Bat faeces on leaves of Piper sp. The yellow arrow indicates the faeces.
Data from: How much does nasal cavity morphology matter? Patterns and rates of olfactory airflow in phyllostomid bats
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Data from: A multiple peak adaptive landscape based on feeding strategies and roosting ecology shaped the evolution of cranial covariance structure and morphological differentiation in phyllostomid bats
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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