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174 results for “soil microbial communities”
Dataset for the project "The role of expansive and invasive plant species in shaping the activity of microbial communities and carbon sequestration in the soil of post-mining spoil heaps."
<p>Description of the project: Research on carbon sequestration in all types of ecosystems, including human-transformed oligotrophic ecosystems, has become more important today from a climate change perspective, as it can help mitigate its effects. Increasing the potential for C sequestration on brownfield sites can be achieved by improving biological processes and developing soil organic matter reservoirs. This may be particularly relevant for the functioning of oligotrophic ecosystems such as waste coal mine spoil heaps. In studies conducted to date on soil carbon dynamics, it has been found that carbon storage capacity is related to vegetation type, among other factors. This is mainly due to the fact that different plant species affect the physical and chemical properties of the soil, the chemical composition of the litter, detritus supply and rooting depth differently. Furthermore, plant species have been shown to influence the composition and biomass of soil microbial communities, and these microorganisms are responsible for the decomposition of organic compounds in the soil. There is little knowledge of soil microbial communities and their activities in the different plant communities of post-mining spoil heaps, especially with regard to the effects of specific microbial communities on soil carbon sequestration. The aim of the project was to compare the influence of a native expansive grass species (<em>Calamagrostis epigejos</em> (L.) ROTH) and an alien invasive species (<em>Solidago gigantea</em> AITION) on the activity and structure of soil microorganisms and carbon sequestration on post-mining spoil heaps spontaneously colonised by vegetation and subjected to reclamation. The study was carried out on a model post-mining heap, part of which has been reclaimed with overburdened soil, while the remaining part has not undergone any reclamation and is subject to spontaneous succession processes. An analysis of total organic carbon (TOC) in soil substrate samples was carried out to determine the effect of the plant species studied on carbon sequestration. TOC consists of organic compounds mainly derived from root exudates, microbial biomass and decomposition of plant litter and SOM by microorganisms. Therefore, the structure of soil microbial assemblages was also investigated by means of phospholipid fatty acid profiles and the activity of these microorganisms, by means of soil enzyme analysis and functional diversity of microorganisms using BIOLOG<sup>®</sup> Ecoplates. In addition, the in situ level of CO<sub>2</sub> release from the soil was also determined.</p>
Data from: Grazing and nitrogen addition restructure the spatial heterogeneity of soil microbial community structure and enzymatic activities
<p>1. In grassland ecosystems, large herbivorous animal grazing activity and increasing nitrogen deposition strongly alters microbial community structure and function. Understanding the effects of grazing and nitrogen addition on the spatial heterogeneity in soil microbial community structure, enzymatic activities and the underlying mechanisms are crucial for making better predictions of soil organic matter dynamics and nutrient cycling. </p> <p>2. We examined the spatial heterogeneity of soil microbial community structure and enzymatic activity associated with changes in soil microclimate, soil characteristics, plant biomass and soil nutrient responses to grazing and nitrogen addition using a manipulative experiment with control (CK), grazing (G), nitrogen addition (N) and grazing plus nitrogen addition (NG) treatments in a <i>Leymus chinensis </i>meadow steppe, in northeastern China. </p> <p>3. The results demonstrated that soil microbial community structure and enzymatic activities showed a high level of spatial dependence [C/(C + C0)≥0.9] in the CK plot. G, N and NG treatments not only reduced the spatial variability ofsoil microbial community structure and enzymatic activities, but also reshaped the spatial links between enzymes activities and microbial community structure. Litter biomass, soil temperature and soil nutrients (soil dissolved inorganic nitrogen or soil dissolved organic carbon) explained 21-27% of the spatial variability of soil microbial community structure in the CK treatment and pH was the strongest driver for the spatial variability of soil enzymatic activities. Meanwhile, the homogenization in soil water content induced by the N addition treatment was a determinant of the reduction in spatial heterogeneity of the microbial community structure. The combination of soil physicochemical properties (bulk density, soil pH and soil dissolved inorganic nitrogen), soil temperature and root biomass explained 32-43% of the spatial variability of the microbial community structure in the G treatment, and N and G treatments had additive effects on the spatial heterogeneity of total PLFAs by homogenizing root biomass. Plant biomass and microbial community structure were the major drivers for the spatial heterogeneity of enzymatic activities under G, N and NG. In NG, the change in spatial variability of enzymatic activities was dominated by N addition. Regardless of grazing, N addition facilitated the spatial correlation between microbial community structure and enzyme activities. </p> <p>4. Overall, our results revealed the drivers of soil microbial community structure and enzymatic activities spatial pattern shift due to grazing and N addition, highlighting the role that spatial variability in soil microbial community structure and enzymatic activities has on the <i>L. chinensis</i> meadow steppe.</p>
Soil microbial community in 47 Chinese forest sites: biogeographic patterns and links with soil dissolved organic matter
<p>Physical and chemical properties of soil samples in this Manuscript.</p>
Data from: Grazing and nitrogen addition restructure the spatial heterogeneity of soil microbial community structure and enzymatic activities
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Data from: Differences in thallus chemistry are related to species-specific effects of biocrust-forming lichens on soil nutrients and microbial communities
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Data from: Direct and indirect effects of native range expansion on soil microbial community structure and function
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Data from: Effects of aridity on soil microbial communities and functions across soil depths on the Mongolian Plateau
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Data from: The potential of hyperspectral patterns of winter wheat to detect changes in soil microbial community composition
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Data from: Changes in soil microbial communities due to biological invasions can reduce allelopathic effects
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Data from: Interactions among roots, mycorrhizae and free-living microbial communities differentially impact soil carbon processes
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Data from: Cross-biome metagenomic analyses of soil microbial communities and their functional attributes
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Data from: Effects of between-site variation in soil microbial communities and plant-soil feedbacks on the productivity and composition of plant communities
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The influence of long-term copper contaminated agricultural soil at different pH levels on microbial communities and springtail transcriptional regulation
GEO Series GSE29644. Folsomia candida. 64 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Plant growth in Arabidopsis is assisted by whole soil microbial communities
GEO Series GSE44984. Arabidopsis thaliana. 4 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
GeoChip data of soil microbial communities in the maize rhizosphere and bulk soils
GEO Series GSE61338. uncultured bacterium; Bacteria. 6 samples. Type: Genome variation profiling by array.
A comprehensive study to understand the effects of climate warming, simulated by soil transplant, on soil microbial community and its feedback responses
GEO Series GSE51592. Bacteria; uncultured bacterium. 54 samples. Type: Genome variation profiling by array.
Data from: Contrasting effects of ammonium and nitrate additions on the biomass of soil microbial communities and enzyme activities in subtropical China
The nitrate to ammonium ratios in nitrogen (N) compounds in wet atmospheric deposits have increased over the recent past, which is a cause for some concern as the individual effects of nitrate and ammonium deposition on the biomass of different soil microbial communities and enzyme activities are still poorly defined. We established a field experiment and applied ammonium (NH4Cl) and nitrate (NaNO3) at monthly intervals over a period of 4 years. We collected soil samples from the ammonium and nitrate treatments and control plots in three different seasons, namely spring, summer, and fall, to evaluate the how the biomass of different soil microbial communities and enzyme activities responded to the ammonium (NH4Cl) and nitrate (NaNO3) applications. Our results showed that the total contents of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) decreased by 24 and 11 % in the ammonium and nitrate treatments, respectively. The inhibitory effects of ammonium on Gram-positive bacteria (G+) and bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) PLFA contents ranged from 14 to 40 % across the three seasons. We also observed that the absolute activities of C, N, and P hydrolyses and oxidases were inhibited by ammonium and nitrate, but that nitrate had stronger inhibitory effects on the activities of acid phosphatase (AP) than ammonium. The activities of N-acquisition specific enzymes (enzyme activities normalized by total PLFA contents) were about 21 and 43 % lower in the ammonium and nitrate treatments than in the control, respectively. However, the activities of P-acquisition specific enzymes were about 19 % higher in the ammonium treatment than in the control. Using redundancy analysis (RDA), we found that the measured C, N, and P hydrolysis and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities were positively correlated with the soil pH and ammonium contents, but were negatively correlated with the nitrate contents. The PLFA biomarker contents were positively correlated with soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), and total N contents, but were negatively correlated with the ammonium contents. The soil enzyme activities varied seasonally, and were highest in March and lowest in October. In contrast, the contents of the microbial PLFA biomarkers were higher in October than in March and June. Ammonium may inhibit the contents of PLFA biomarkers more strongly than nitrate because of acidification. This study has provided useful information about the effects of ammonium and nitrate on soil microbial communities and enzyme activities.
Data from: Differences in the soil microbial community and carbon use efficiency following development of Vochysia guatemalensis tree plantations in unproductive pastures in Costa Rica
This study shows that Vochysia guatemalensis tree plantations were associated with enhanced soil biotic and abiotic characteristics in previously cleared forests in the Northern Zone of Costa Rica, suggesting the possible use of this practice as a restoration strategy for local land owners. Soil samples from a primary forest (PF), secondary forest (SF), and a 13-year-old (OV) plantation of V. guatemalensis had greater relative abundances of DNA sequences of microbial genera critical for C-use efficiency (i.e., the saprobe, complex C and wood rot/lignin decomposer fungi, and bacterial lignin and other complex C degraders), and greater levels of total organic C, C-biomass, and Microbial Quotients as indicators of enhanced C-use efficiency, than found in soils of adjacent 5-year-old (NV) V. guatemalensis plantations and abandoned non-productive pasture/grasslands (GR). The major research conclusions were that: 1) conversion of forested land into abandoned pasture/grasslands decreased the C-use efficiency in the soils and the microbial groups associated with C-use efficiency; 2) soils in plantations of V. guatemalensis were associated with increased abundances of the DNA of these same microbial groups and enhanced C-use efficiency; 3) DNA-based taxonomic analysis of microbes and analysis of the Microbial Quotient values can be used to monitor soil ecosystems for assessment of the efficacy of restoration activities. Thus, planting V. guatemalensis on damaged lands in the Maquenque National Wildlife Refuge (MNWR) should be encouraged to provide a sustainable forestry crop that can be harvested rotationally, while improving soil ecosystem health and reducing the pressure to harvest other forest sites.
Data from: Contrasting effects of ammonium and nitrate additions on the biomass of soil microbial communities and enzyme activities in subtropical China
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Data from: Differences in the soil microbial community and carbon use efficiency following development of Vochysia guatemalensis tree plantations in unproductive pastures in Costa Rica
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