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4,010 results for “STABILITY”
Dataset of Slope Stability Analsyis of Dune Face undergoing Wave-Driven Erosion
<p>This dataset contains the slope stability analysis performed for the paper titled: "Using geotechnical modelling to explore dune face stability undergoing wave-driven erosion". It contains groundwater and slope stability analyses performed with the software Geostudio (v2012.) of dune faces undergoing wave driven erosion and reflect all the analysis performed to produce the results of the paper. The folders are split as the results and discussion sections where the figures were presented. All the geostudio files made are found in the relevant folder together with an excel CSV file summarising the results.</p>
Data from: Mechanotransduction current is essential for stability of the transducing stereocilia in mammalian auditory hair cells
Mechanotransducer channels at the tips of sensory stereocilia of inner ear hair cells are gated by the tension of 'tip links' interconnecting stereocilia. To ensure maximal sensitivity, tip links are tensioned at rest, resulting in a continuous influx of Ca2+ into the cell. Here we show that this constitutive Ca2+ influx, usually considered as potentially deleterious for hair cells, is in fact essential for stereocilia stability. In the auditory hair cells of young postnatal mice and rats, a reduction in mechanotransducer current, via pharmacological channel blockers or disruption of tip links, leads to stereocilia shape changes and shortening. These effects occur only in stereocilia that harbor mechanotransducer channels, recover upon blocker washout or tip link regeneration, and can be replicated by manipulations of extracellular Ca2+ or intracellular Ca2+ buffering. Thus, our data provide the first experimental evidence for the dynamic control of stereocilia morphology by the mechanotransduction current.
Data from: Comparison of non-Gaussian quantitative genetic models for migration and stabilizing selection
The balance between stabilizing selection and migration of maladapted individuals has formerly been modeled using a variety of quantitative genetic models of increasing complexity, including models based on a constant expressed genetic variance and models based on normality. The infinitesimal model can accommodate non-normality and a non-constant genetic variance as a result of linkage disequilibrium. It can be seen as a parsimonious one-parameter model which approximates the underlying genetic details well when a large number of loci are involved. Here, the performance of this model is compared to several more realistic explicit multilocus models, with either two, several or a large number of alleles per locus with unequal effect sizes. Predictions for the deviation of the population mean from the optimum are highly similar across the different models, so that the non-Gaussian infinitesimal model forms a good approximation. It does however generally estimate a higher genetic variance than the multilocus models, with the difference decreasing with an increasing number of loci. The difference between multilocus models depends more strongly on the effective number of loci, accounting for relative contributions of loci to the variance, than on the number of alleles per locus.
Data from: Camp stability predicts patterns of hunter–gatherer cooperation
Humans regularly cooperate with non-kin, which has been theorized to require reciprocity between repeatedly interacting and trusting individuals. However, the role of repeated interactions has not previously been demonstrated in explaining real-world patterns of hunter–gatherer cooperation. Here we explore cooperation among the Agta, a population of Filipino hunter–gatherers, using data from both actual resource transfers and two experimental games across multiple camps. Patterns of cooperation vary greatly between camps and depend on socio-ecological context. Stable camps (with fewer changes in membership over time) were associated with greater reciprocal sharing, indicating that an increased likelihood of future interactions facilitates reciprocity. This is the first study reporting an association between reciprocal cooperation and hunter–gatherer band stability. Under conditions of low camp stability individuals still acquire resources from others, but do so via demand sharing (taking from others), rather than based on reciprocal considerations. Hunter–gatherer cooperation may either be characterized as reciprocity or demand sharing depending on socio-ecological conditions.
Data from: Social status and personality: stability in social state can promote consistency of behavioural responses
Stability of 'state' has been suggested as an underlying factor explaining behavioural stability and animal personality (i.e. variation among, and consistency within individuals in behavioural responses), but the possibility that stable social relationships represent such states remains unexplored. Here, we investigated the influence of social status on the expression and consistency of behaviours by experimentally changing social status between repeated personality assays. We used male domestic fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus), a social species that forms relatively stable dominance hierarchies, and showed that behavioural responses were strongly affected by social status, but also by individual characteristics. The level of vigilance, activity and exploration changed with social status, whereas boldness appeared as a stable individual property, independent of status. Furthermore, variation in vocalization predicted future social status, indicating that individual behaviours can both be a predictor and a consequence of social status, depending on the aspect in focus. Our results illustrate that social states contribute to both variation and stability in behavioural responses, and should therefore be taken into account when investigating and interpreting variation in personality.
Data from: Examining community stability in the face of mass extinction in communities of digital organisms
Digital evolution is a computer-based instantiation of Darwinian evolution in which short self-replicating computer programs compete, mutate, and evolve. It is an excellent platform for addressing topics in long-term evolution and paleobiology, such as mass extinction and recovery, with experimental evolutionary approaches. We evolved model communities with ecological interdependence among community members, which were subjected to two principal types of mass extinction: a pulse extinction that killed randomly, and a selective press extinction involving an alteration of the abiotic environment to which the communities had to adapt. These treatments were applied at two different strengths, along with unperturbed control experiments. We examined how stability in the digital communities was affected from the perspectives of division of labor, relative shift in rank abundance, and genealogical connectedness of the community's component ecotypes. Mass extinction that was due to a Strong Press treatment was most effective in producing reshaped communities that differed from the pre-treatment ones in all of the measured perspectives; weaker versions of the treatments did not generally produce significant departures from a Control treatment; and results for the Strong Pulse treatment generally fell between those extremes. The Strong Pulse treatment differed from others in that it produced a slight but detectable shift towards more generalized communities. Compared to Press treatments, Pulse treatments also showed a greater contribution from re-evolved ecological doppelgangers rather than new ecotypes. However, relatively few Control communities showed stability in any of these metrics over the whole course of the experiment, and most did not represent stable states (by some measure of stability) that were disrupted by the extinction treatments. Our results have interesting, broad qualitative parallels with findings from the paleontological record, and show the potential of digital evolution studies to illuminate many aspects of mass extinction and recovery by addressing them in a truly experimental manner.
Data from: The expression of established cognitive brain states stabilizes with working memory development
We present results from a longitudinal study conducted over 10 years in a sample of 126 8-33 year olds demonstrating that adolescent development of working memory is supported by decreased variability in the amplitude of expression of whole brain states of task-related activity. fMRI analyses reveal that putative gain signals affecting maintenance and retrieval aspects of working memory processing stabilize during adolescence, while those affecting sensorimotor processes do not. We show that trial-to-trial variability in the reaction time and accuracy of eye-movements during a memory guided saccade task are related to fluctuations in the amplitude of expression of task-related brain states, or brain state variability, and also provide evidence that individual developmental trajectories of reaction time variability are related to individual trajectories of brain state variability. These observations demonstrate that underlying the maturation of cognition through adolescence is the stabilization of widespread gain signals affecting already available cognitive processes.
Strong stabilizing selection on timing of germination in a Mediterranean population of Arabidopsis thaliana
<p>Premise</p> <p>Timing of germination can strongly influence plant fitness by affecting seedling survival and by having cascading effects on later life-history traits. In seasonal environments, the period favorable for seedling establishment and growth is limited, and timing of germination is likely to be under stabilizing selection because of conflicting selection through survival and fecundity. Moreover, optimal germination time may vary among genotypes because of inherent differences in later life-history traits.</p> <p> </p> <p>Methods</p> <p>To examine how germination time affects survival, fecundity and the relative fitness of two genotypes differing in time to first flower, we conducted a field experiment in an Italian population of the winter annual <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, in which seedling establishment occurs mainly in November. We transplanted seedlings of the local genotype and of a Swedish genotype monthly from August to December and monitored survival and fecundity.</p> <p> </p> <p>Key Results</p> <p>Only seedlings transplanted in November and December survived until reproduction, and fitness of the November cohort was 35 times higher than that of the December cohort, indicating strong stabilizing selection. There was no evidence of conflicting selection: seedling survival, adult survival and fecundity were all highest in the November cohort. Moreover, the relative fitness of the two genotypes did not differ significantly between cohorts.</p> <p> </p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The very narrow window of opportunity for seedling establishment was related to rapid seasonal changes in soil moisture and temperature, suggesting that rate of seasonal change is an important aspect to consider for understanding spatio-temporal variation in selection on phenological traits. </p>
Diversity-stability cascade in pond plankton experiments
<p>This collection of files consists of freshwater plankton biomass data from a laboratory microcosm experiment and an accompanying field mesocosm experiment in which we manipulated the presence of two heteropteran predators. In the laboratory experiment, we incubated 20 large microcosms with phytoplankton and zooplankton, fully crossing a 1x vs. 2x zooplankton density treatment with presence or absence of a single <em>Notonecta undulata </em>adult. Two of these microcosms were lost, resulting in data for 18 of these large microcosms. Concurrently, we incubated 20 small microcosms with a smaller amount of the same plankton mix, which similarly were fully crossed with the 1x vs. 2x zooplankton density treatment and presence or absence of a single <em>Neoplea striola </em>adult. After five days we collected the zooplankton remaining in each microcosm for identification and biomass estimation. For the field experiment, we established 20 mesocosms (cattle tanks) with phytoplankton and zooplankton collected from the same sources, and added six <em>Notonecta </em>adults to five mesocosms, 90 <em>Neoplea </em>adults<em> </em>to another five, and three <em>Notonecta </em>and 45 <em>Neoplea </em>to another five, with the remaining five mesocosms acting as no-predator controls. We sampled both the phytoplankton and zooplankton once per week for six weeks for identification and biomass estimation.</p>
Data from: Association of CSF Orexin-A levels and nocturnal sleep stability in patients with hypersomnolence
<p><span><b>Objective: </b>To evaluate the associations between cerebrospinal fluid orexin-A (ORX) levels and markers of nocturnal sleep stability, assessed by polysomnography (PSG).</span></p> <p><span><b>Methods: </b>Nocturnal PSG data and ORX levels of 300 drug-free subjects (55% men, 29.9±15.5 years, ORX level 155.1±153.7 pg/ml) with hypersomnolence were collected. Several markers of nocturnal sleep stability were analyzed: wake and sleep bouts, sleep/wake transitions. Groups were categorized according to ORX levels, in two categories (deficient≤110; >110), in tertiles (≤26, ]26;254], >254), and compared using logistic regression models. Results were adjusted for age, sex and body mass index.</span></p> <p class="MsoCommentText"><span><b>Results: </b>We found higher<b> </b>number of wake bouts (43 vs 25, p<0.0001), sleep bouts (43 vs 25.5, p<0.0001) and index of sleep bouts/hour of sleep time, but lower index of wake bouts/hour of waketime (41.4 vs 50.6, p<0.0001) in subjects with ORX deficiency. The percentage of wake bouts <30sec was lower (51.3 vs 60.8%, p<0.001) and of wake bouts ³1min30sec higher (7.7 vs 6.7%, p=0.02) when ORX deficient. The percentage of sleep bouts ≤14min was higher (2-5min: 23.7 vs 16.1%, p<0.0001), and of long sleep bouts lower (>32min30sec: 7.3 vs 18.3%, p<0.0001) when ORX deficient. These findings were confirmed when groups were categorized according to ORX tertiles, with a dose-response effect of ORX levels in post-hoc comparisons, and in adjusted models.</span></p> <p><span><b>Interpretation: </b>This study shows an association between ORX levels and nocturnal sleep stabilization in patients with hypersomnolence. Sleep and wake bouts are reliable markers of nighttime sleep stability that correlate with CSF ORX levels in a dose-dependent manner.</span></p>
Trade-off between fecundity and survival generates stabilizing selection on gall size
<p>Complex interactions within multi-trophic communities are fundamental to the evolution of individual species that reside within them. One common outcome of species interactions are fitness trade-offs, where traits adaptive in some circumstances are maladaptive in others. Here, we identify a fitness trade-off between fecundity and survival in the cynipid wasp <i>Callirhytis quercusbatatoides</i> that induces multi-chambered galls on the stem of its host plant <i>Quercus virginiana</i>. We first quantified this trade-off in natural populations by documenting two relationships: a positive association between the trait gall size and fecundity, as larger galls contain more offspring, and a negative association between gall size and survival, as larger galls are attacked by birds at a higher rate. Next, we performed a field-based experimental evolution study where birds were excluded from the entire canopy of 11 large host trees for five years. As a result of the five-year release from avian predators, we observed a significant shift to larger galls per tree. Overall, our study demonstrates how two opposing forces of selection can generate stabilizing selection on a critical phenotypic trait in wild populations, and how traits can evolve rapidly in the predicted direction when conditions change.</p>
Fig. 5 in Stability and spatio-temporal structure in fish assemblages of two floodplain lagoons of the lower Orinoco River
Fig. 5. Variability by hydrological phases and habitats of the diversity and equitability (Shanon) and richness. a and b = the Arhuacas; c and d = the Cardonales. The abbreviations of the hydrological phases and habitats are explained in the Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 in Modeling energy flow in a large Neotropical reservoir: a tool do evaluate fishing and stability
Fig. 2. Relative biomass (2a) and relative catch (2b) of the main species of the ITAIPU-2 model, with increasing of fishing effort. Fishing effort = 1 is equivalent to that registered in 1998. This value was multiplied by 2, 3 and 4, in order to get other fisheries scenarios. Simulations made in Ecopath with Ecosim (Subroutine: Run Ecossim, module: Results).
Data from: Frictional stability of metamorphic epidote in granitoid faults under hydrothermal conditions and implications for injection-induced seismicity
<p>The effect of low-grade metamorphic epidote on fault stability in granitoids at shallow depth is not well understood. We present structured laboratory observations of epidote and simulated Pohang granodiorite (an EGS site) gouges and mixtures to evaluate their frictional responses. The experiments were performed on powdered rock gouges at a constant confining pressure of 110 <i>MPa</i>, pore fluid pressures of 42 and 63 <i>MPa</i>, temperatures of 100-250℃ and epidote percentages in the range of 0-100 <i>vol</i>.%. Results show that the simulated Pohang granodiorite gouge is frictionally strong (friction coefficient of ~0.71) but exhibits a transition from velocity-strengthening to velocity-weakening behavior at <i>in-situ</i> temperatures >150℃. Epidote gouge displays similar frictional strength to the simulated granodiorite gouge but a stronger velocity-weakening response at 150℃. Increasing the epidote content in the homogeneously mixed gouges maintains the high frictional strength but increases velocity-weakening response approximately proportionately with epidote content. Modes of epidote precipitation likely control patch dimension and this in turn potentially changes the response of the 50:50 epidote-granodiorite mixed gouges in different geometric configurations. However, 50:50 mixtures that are variously homogeneously mixed, encapsulated and checkerboarded in their architectures are insensitive to their various geometries – all reflect the high frictional strength and strong velocity-weakening response of 100:0 pure epidote. This suggests that small volume percentages of epidote present as thin coatings on fractures and faults can impart velocity-weakening behavior, independent of individual patch size and can thereby support the potential seismic reactivation of faults. Considering the frictional and stability properties of epidote at conditions typical of shallow depths, the presence of low-grade metamorphism exerts a potentially important control on fault stability in granitoids with relevance as a marker mineral for susceptibility to injection-induced seismicity.</p>
Data From: Diversifying bioenergy crops increases yield and yield stability by reducing weed abundance
<p>Relationships between species diversity, productivity, temporal stability of productivity, and plant invasion have been well documented in grasslands, and these relationships could translate to improved agricultural sustainability. However, few studies have explored these relationships in agricultural contexts where fertility and weeds are managed. Using seven years of biomass yield and species composition data from twelve species mixture treatments varying in native species diversity, we found that species richness increased yield and inter-annual yield stability by reducing weed abundance. Stability was driven by yield as opposed to temporal variability of yield. Nitrogen fertilization increased yield, but at the expense of yield stability. We show how relationships between diversity, species asynchrony, invasion, productivity and stability observed in natural grasslands can extend into managed agricultural systems. Increasing bioenergy crop diversity can improve farmer economics via increased yield, reduced yield variability, and reduced inputs for weed control, thus promoting perennial vegetation on agricultural lands.</p>
Soil organic carbon stabilization is dominated by non-sorptive process among the subsoils from different parent material
<p>Soil physical and chemical properties from different parent materials in subtropical China.</p>
Pre-calculated turning points of Stability-curve for stationary Shakura-Sunyaev accretion disc
<p>The pre-calculated turning points for surface density <span class="math-tex">\(\Sigma\)</span>, effective temperature <span class="math-tex">\(T_{\rm eff}\)</span> and accretion rate <span class="math-tex">\(\dot{M}\)</span> of S-shaped stability curve for stationary Shakura-Sunyaev viscous accretion disc. Calculations performed for 20 linearly scaled values of central source mass from <span class="math-tex">\(1\, M_{\odot}\)</span> to <span class="math-tex">\(20\, M_{\odot}\)</span>, 20 logarithmically scaled values of viscous parameter <span class="math-tex">\(\alpha\)</span> from <span class="math-tex">\(3\cdot10^{-4}\)</span> to 0.7, 20 logarithmically scaled values of radius from <span class="math-tex">\(7\cdot10^7\)</span> cm to <span class="math-tex">\(5\cdot10^{11}\)</span> cm.</p> <p><a href="https://github.com/AndreyTavleev/DiscVerSt">The new open-source Python3 code</a> is used to calculate the vertical structure of the disc with tabular opacity (solar chemical composition) and both convective and radiative energy transport taking into account. As a result, one can obtain S-shaped stability curve — a graphically depicted sequence of solutions of the vertical-structure equations, obtained at a single disc radius, in the coordinates of accretion rate or effective temperature versus the surface density. S-curve turn points allow to investigate the stability of disc with respect to temperature and surface density fluctuations. </p> <p>Reading of the data (Python3):</p> <pre><code class="language-python">import numpy as np data = np.genfromtxt('Turn_points_array.dat', names=True)</code></pre> <p> </p>
Stability of the next-to-tribimaximal mixings under radiative corrections with the variation of SUSY breaking scale
<pre>We analyse the stability of the next-to-tribimaximal mixings ($NTBM$) under radiative corrections with the variation of SUSY breaking scale ($m_s$) for both normal and inverted hierarchical cases at the fixed value of seesaw scale $M_R = 10^{15}$ GeV and $\tan \beta = 30$. All the neutrino oscillation parameters receive varying radiative corrections irrespective of the $m_s$ values at the electroweak scale, which are all within $3\sigma$ range of the latest global fit data. NH case is found to be more stable than IH case for all four cases.</pre>
Enzyme inhibitors employ different mechanisms to stabilize broad-spectrum antiviral ACE2-Fc fusion proteins
<p>Drugs effective for all variants of a virus are urgently needed to fight current and future pandemics. This can be achieved by creating fusion proteins between the extracellular domains of the virus docking sites on human cells and the Fc part from a human immunoglobulin. The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a viral receptor used by sarbeco betacorona-viruses to infect cells. Fusion proteins comprising extracellular ACE2 domains exhibit high virus neutralization efficiency, but the structure and stability of these molecules are poorly understood. Here we analyzed the structure and stability of an ACE2-IgG4-Fc. We show that the hinge between the ACE2 region and the IgG4-FC is highly flexible, and the conformational dynamics of the fusion protein is restricted by the ACE2 domain[MS1] . Interestingly, chemical compounds inhibiting the enzymatic activity of ACE2 such as DX600 and MLN4760 employ different binding mechanisms to increase the thermal stability of the ACE2 by 8.8 and 14.3 °C, respectively. In particular, MLN4760 induced allosteric effects in the ACE2 domain consistent with structural rearrangements observed in the inhibitor-bound crystal structure. Thus, our findings reveal a general concept for stabilizing the labile receptor segment of therapeutic antiviral fusion proteins[MS2] .</p>
Nano-structured Hydrotrope-Caged Cytochrome c with Boosted Stability in Harsh Environments: A Molecular Insight
<p>The input and main output files used for the paper <em><strong>"Nanostructured Hydrotropes Caged Cytochrome c with Boosted Stability in Harsh Environments: A Molecular Insights"</strong></em> are separated in the different tar files.</p> <p><strong>Contents:</strong></p> <p>00_packmol : box built using PACKMOL package for ATP, IL and ATP_IL systems</p> <p>01_Build_systems : parameters and input files for WAT, ATP, IL and ATP_IL systems</p> <p>02_Minimization_Equilibration_RT : minimization and equilibration inputs, restarts and output files for WAT, ATP, IL and ATP_IL systems at 300K</p> <p>03_Minimization_Equilibration_HT : minimization and equilibration inputs, restarts and output files for WAT, ATP, IL and ATP_IL systems at 363.15K</p> <p>04_HTMD_Cytc_WAT_RT : HTMD input, restarts and output files for Cyt c + WAT system at 300K</p> <p>05_HTMD_Cytc_ATP_RT : HTMD input, restarts and output files for Cyt c + ATP system at 300K</p> <p>06_HTMD_Cytc_IL_RT : HTMD input, restarts and output files for Cyt c + IL system at 300K</p> <p>07_HTMD_Cytc_ATP_IL_RT : HTMD input, restarts and output files for Cyt c + ATP_IL system at 300K</p> <p>08_HTMD_Cytc_WAT_HT : HTMD input, restarts and output files for Cyt c + WAT system at 363.15K</p> <p>09_HTMD_Cytc_ATP_HT : HTMD input, restarts and output files for Cyt c + ATP system at 363.15K</p> <p>10_HTMD_Cytc_IL_HT : HTMD input, restarts and output files for Cyt c + IL system at 363.15K</p> <p>11_HTMD_Cytc_ATP_IL_HT : HTMD input, restarts and output files for Cyt c + ATP_IL system at 363.15K</p> <p>12_HTMD_MD_analysis_RT : Analysis raw data for Bayesian MSM, RDF, RMSD, RMSF, H-bonds and Secondary structure changes at 300K </p> <p>13_HTMD_MD_analysis_HT : Analysis raw data for Bayesian MSM, RDF, RMSD, RMSF, H-bonds and Secondary structure changes at 363.15K </p> <p>14_H2O_RT : Radial Distribution Function (RDF) data for simulations in explicit water and in absence of the protein Cyt c</p> <p><strong>Notes:</strong> Each folder contains INFO.md with further detailed information on respective types of data.</p> <p> </p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.