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FIGURE 20 in Five new species of Coeliccia Kirby, 1890 from Vietnam (Odonata: Platycnemididae), and information on several other species of the genus

FIGURE 20. Thorax of female Coeliccia ssp. used for description in dorsal view. (a) C. diomedea; (b) C. hayashii; (c) C. suoitia; (d) C. galbina.

FIGURE 17 in Five new species of Coeliccia Kirby, 1890 from Vietnam (Odonata: Platycnemididae), and information on several other species of the genus

FIGURE 17. Prothorax of female Coeliccia spp. used for description in dorsal view. (a) C. coronata; (b) C. diomedea; (c) C. hayashii; (d) C. galbina; (e) C. pulchella; (f) C. suoitia.

FIGURE 16 in Five new species of Coeliccia Kirby, 1890 from Vietnam (Odonata: Platycnemididae), and information on several other species of the genus

FIGURE 16. Prothorax of female Coeliccia spp. used for description in lateral view. (a) C. coronata; (b) C. diomedea; (c) C. hayashii; (d) C. galbina; (e) C. pulchella; (f) C. suoitia.

FIGURE 26 in Five new species of Coeliccia Kirby, 1890 from Vietnam (Odonata: Platycnemididae), and information on several other species of the genus

FIGURE 26. Habitus of Coeliccia spp. from Bao Loc, Lam Dong Prov. [a-c] C. caerulea, [d-f] C. coronata (a) male, 13 vi 2016; (b) male, 18 v 2016; (c) female, 16 vi 2016; (d) female, 13 vi 2016; (e) male, 16 v 2016; (f) male, 16 v 2016.

FIGURE 14 in Five new species of Coeliccia Kirby, 1890 from Vietnam (Odonata: Platycnemididae), and information on several other species of the genus

FIGURE 14. Heads of female Coeliccia ssp. used for description in dorsolateral view. (a) C. coronata; (b) C. diomedea; (c) C. hayashii; (d) C. galbina; (e) C. pulchella; (f) C. suoitia.

FIGURE 12 in Five new species of Coeliccia Kirby, 1890 from Vietnam (Odonata: Platycnemididae), and information on several other species of the genus

FIGURE 12. Genital ligula of Coeliccia curua. [a,c,e] lateral view, [b,d,f] ventral view, [a-c] Xuan Son NP, [d-f] Ba Vi NP. (a,b) paratype, 9 vi 2018; (c) second paratype, 9 vi 2018; (d) paratype, 25 vii 2013; (e-f) holotype.

FIGURE 11 in Five new species of Coeliccia Kirby, 1890 from Vietnam (Odonata: Platycnemididae), and information on several other species of the genus

FIGURE 11. Genital ligula of Coeliccia spp. [a,c,e,g] ventral view, [b,d,f,h] lateral view. (a,b) C. diomedea, holotype; (c,d) C. pulchella, holotype; (e,f) C. coronata, paratype, Da Lat, Lam Dong Prov., 16 iv 2016; (g,h) C. caerulea, paratype, flagellum missing on one side.

FIGURE 6 in Five new species of Coeliccia Kirby, 1890 from Vietnam (Odonata: Platycnemididae), and information on several other species of the genus

FIGURE 6. Holotype of Coeliccia pulchella (a) thorax in lateral view; (b) thorax in dorsal view; (c) head in dorsolateral view; (d) prothorax in lateral view.

FIGURE 9. S10 in Five new species of Coeliccia Kirby, 1890 from Vietnam (Odonata: Platycnemididae), and information on several other species of the genus

FIGURE 9. S10 and caudal appendages of male Coeliccia curua from Xuan Son NP. [a,c,e] lateral view, [b,d,f] dorsal view. (a,b) paratype, 23 vii 2017; (c,d) paratype, 9 vi 2018; (e,f) second paratype, 23 vii 2017.

FIGURE 8. S10 in Five new species of Coeliccia Kirby, 1890 from Vietnam (Odonata: Platycnemididae), and information on several other species of the genus

FIGURE 8. S10 and caudal appendages of male Coeliccia spp. [a,c,e,] lateral view, [g] dorsolateral view, [b,d,f,h] dorsal view. (a,b) C. coronata, holotype; (c,d) C. diomedea, holotype; (e,f) C. caerulea, holotype; (g,h) C. pulchella, holotype.

FIGURE 3 in Five new species of Coeliccia Kirby, 1890 from Vietnam (Odonata: Platycnemididae), and information on several other species of the genus

FIGURE 3. Prothorax of Coeliccia spp. in dorsal view. [a-e] male, [f] female. (a) C. caerulea, holotype; (b) C. coronata, holotype; (c) C. diomedea, holotype; (d) C. curua, holotype; (e) C. pulchella sp. nov., holotype; (f) C. caerulea, paratype used for description.

FIGURE 7 in Five new species of Coeliccia Kirby, 1890 from Vietnam (Odonata: Platycnemididae), and information on several other species of the genus

FIGURE 7. Abdomen tip of male Coeliccia spp. [a,e,g,i] lateral view, [c] dorsolateral view, [b,d,f,h,j] dorsal view. (a,b) C. caerulea, holotype; (c,d) C. pulchella, holotype; (e,f) C. curua, holotype; (g,h) C. coronata, holotype; (i,j) C. diomedea, holotype.

FIGURE 4 in Five new species of Coeliccia Kirby, 1890 from Vietnam (Odonata: Platycnemididae), and information on several other species of the genus

FIGURE 4. Thorax of male Coeliccia spp. in lateral view. (a) C. caerulea, holotype; (b) C. coronata, holotype; (c) C. diomedea, holotype; (d) C. curua, holotype.

opencc-by-4.0May 2020View details →

Assessing the severity of laparotomy and partial hepatectomy in male rats – a multimodal approach

A total of 136 adult male WistarHan rats were randomly assigned to three groups: Sham-laparotomy (Sham) group [7 days post-surgical survival time (n = 10)]; 50% partial hepatectomy (PH) group; 70% PH group. Both PH groups had three postoperative survival times of 1, 3, or 7 days (n = 21 for each time-point). Postoperative severity assessment was performed daily using a model-specific score sheet, behavioral testing in the Open Field (OF), telemetric data analysis, and analysis of blood and fecal samples. Parameters of surgical and postoperative distress and severity in the animals were analyzed. Rats were trained to the OF test thrice every alternate training day (D-20, D-18, and D-16). On D-15 (surgery I), a telemetric transmitter (hereafter referred to as transmitter implantation, TI) was surgically implanted subcutaneously in the left flank in 12 animals of each 7-day survival group. All animals in the Sham group were implanted a dummy device. Transmitter implantation was followed by a 12-day recovery phase with no further intervention. To ensure comparability, this test-free recovery period was standardized for all animals, even if they were not telemetrically monitored. Thereafter, retraining was performed on D-2 and -1 in all animals, followed by Sham, 50% PH, or 70% PH (surgery II), on D0. OF tests were performed on POD1, POD3, POD4, and POD7 (depending on survival time). Body weight was measured before individual training, as well as before and after each surgery; in addition, the body weight was measured once daily during postoperative scoring. Postoperative scoring was conducted three times a day from POD1 to POD3 and once a day in the morning from POD4 to POD7. On euthanasia day (POD1, POD3, or POD7) rats were reopened (surgery III) under general anesthesia and analgesia and were euthanized by final blood withdrawal from the inferior vena cava. Organs were removed for subsequent examinations and processed accordingly.

opencc-zeroDec 2020View details →

The Fungal Endophyte Epichloë festucae var. lolii Plays a Limited Role in Mediating Crown Rust Severity in Perennial Ryegrass

Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is an important turf and forage species that often becomes infected with Puccinia coronata f. sp. lolii, the causal pathogen of crown rust. Disease control through clavicipitaceous endophytes has been proposed as a potential biocontrol. Two field experiments were designed to determine the influence of native Epichloë endophyte infection on natural rust development across a diverse panel of perennial ryegrass germplasm. Experiment 1 used an isogenic population design in which infected (E+) or endophyte-free (E−) clonal plants were nested within 14 perennial ryegrass entries. Experiment 2 consisted of isofrequent E+ and E− progeny from isogenic parents. Results showed the endophyte had no consistent main effect on crown rust severity across or within entries; however, several isogenic host pairs did show either favorable or antagonistic effects. Despite these sporadic effects, no differences were found between isofrequent family pairs, indicating the presence of a host  endophyte interaction. Genotypic and phenotypic data revealed that endophyte isolates were similar within entry, indicating that host genotype could be responsible for the highly specific endophyte effect on crown rust. The preponderance of host resistance in mediating rust severity was supported by large broad (>.75) and narrow-sense (.76) heritability estimates. These findings support the conclusion that endophyte infection does not play a substantial role in mediating crown rust severity on a population scale in perennial ryegrass.

opencc-zeroJun 2020View details →

Data from: Blood NfL: a biomarker for disease severity and progression in Parkinson's disease

Objective: To examine whether plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels were associated with motor and cognitive progression in Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods: This prospective follow-up study enrolled 178 participants, including 116 with PD, 22 with multiple system atrophy (MSA), and 40 healthy controls. We measured plasma NfL levels with electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Patients with PD received evaluations of motor and cognition, at baseline and at a mean follow-up interval of 3 years. Changes in the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS) part III motor score and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score were used to assess motor and cognition progression. Results: Plasma fL levels were significantly higher in MSA than in PD and healthy groups (35.8±6.2 pg/ml, 17.6±2.8 pg/ml, and 10.6±2.3 pg/ml, respectively; P<0.001). In the PD group, NfL levels were significantly elevated in patients with advanced Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) stage and patients with dementia (PDD) (P<0.001). NfL levels were modestly correlated with UPDRS part III scores (r=0.42, 95% CI: 0.46-0.56, P<0.001). After a mean follow-up of 3.4±1.2 years, a Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, disease duration and baseline motor or cognitive status showed that higher baseline NfL levels were associated with higher risks for either motor or cognition progression (P=0.029 and P=0.015, respectively). Conclusions: Plasma NfL levels correlated with disease severity and progression in terms of both motor and cognitive functions in PD. Classification of evidence: This study provides Class III evidence that plasma NfL levels distinguish PD and MSA, and is a surrogate biomarker for PD progression.

opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

Data from: Environmental variables associated with Nothophaeocryptopus gaeumannii population structure and Swiss needle cast severity in Western Oregon and Washington

The environment has a strong influence on the abundance and distribution of plant pathogenic organisms, and plays a major role in the causation of plant disease. Climatological factors may also alter the dynamics of the interactions between plant pathogens and their hosts. Nothophaeocryptopus (=Phaeocryptopus) gaeumannii, the causal agent of Swiss needle cast (SNC) of Douglas-fir, is endemic to western North America where it exists as two sympatric, reproductively isolated lineages. The abundance of this fungus and the severity of SNC are strongly influenced by climate. We used statistical and population genetic analyses to examine relationships between environment, pathogen population structure, and SNC severity. Although N. gaeumannii Lineage 2 in western Oregon and Washington was most abundant where SNC symptoms were most severe, we did not detect a significant relationship between Lineage 2 and disease severity. Warmer winter temperatures were inversely correlated with foliage retention (AFR) and positively correlated with the relative abundance of Lineage 2 (PL2). However when distance inland, which was strongly correlated with both AFR and PL2, was included in the model, there was no significant relationship between Lineage 2 and AFR. Spring/early summer dew point temperatures also were positively associated with total N. gaeumannii abundance (colonization index (CI)), and inversely correlated with AFR. Warmer summer mean temperatures were associated with lower CI and higher AFR. Our results suggest that the two lineages have overlapping environmental optima, but slightly different tolerance ranges. Lineage 2 was absent from more inland sites where winters are colder and summers are warm and dry, while Lineage 1 occurred at most sites across an environmental gradient suggesting broader environmental tolerance. These relationships suggest that climate influences the abundance and distribution of this ecologically important plant pathogen, and may have played a role in the evolutionary divergence of these two cryptic fungal lineages.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2019View details →

Electron energy loss spectra of several organic compounds

We placed crystals of different compounds to explore the possibility of fingerprinting them through EELS. Here are representative datasets of 7 different compounds: <ul> <li>b-cyclodextrin</li> <li>hexacarboxy cyclohexane</li> <li>tannin</li> <li>TH-15 peptide</li> <li>TH-27 peptide</li> <li>two different forms of piroxicam</li> </ul> The datasets were collected at EMAT, using a monochromated FEI Titan3 TEM, within the scope of an EUSMI request. More information as well as analysis methodologies adopted for the data are detailed in the paper: Das et al. "Reliable Characterization of Organic & Pharmaceutical Compounds with High Resolution Monochromated EEL Spectroscopy", Polymers 2020, 12(7), 1434. The paper is Open Access gold and the full text is available at: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12071434">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12071434</a>

opencc-zeroSep 2020View details →

Data from: The Magellanic Province and its fish fauna (South America): several provinces or one?

Aim: We assessed the validity of the division of the Magellanic Province into the four provinces as proposed by Briggs and Bowen (2012): Southern Chile, Tierra del Fuego, Southern Argentina and Falkland (Malvinas) Islands. We aimed to 1) present an up to date list of the fishes from the region known as "Magellanic Province", 2) analyze the specific richness of fishes in the Atlantic and Pacific sectors and their degree of endemism, 3) evaluate statistically the validity of the three Provinces proposed for the Atlantic sector Location: Southern tip of the American continent at latitudes higher than 40ºS in the Atlantic as well as in the Pacific Oceans. Methods: The list of fishes was prepared by consulting more than 140 sources, many related to observations resulting from research cruises, although two ichthyological collections and two ichthyological websites were also used. The South American species with distributions extending outside of the area corresponding to the Magellanic Province, and all cosmopolitan species, were excluded of endemism analyses. For analyzing fish distributions in the Atlantic sector, the data employed are from eight research cruises carried out from 1978 to 2006 from 37º to 59º South. A total of 523 fishing trawls have been analyzed, grouped into cell of 1º x 1º cells. The species composition of each cell was evaluated by multivariate analysis (nonmetric multidimensional scaling, cluster, and similarity analyses). Results: The percentage of endemism in each sector (Atlantic 2.87% and Pacific 2.87%) is smaller than the endemism common to both sectors (9.2%). The total of endemic species in the Province is 14.94%, which is bigger than the 10% indicated as the lower limit for defining a biogeographic province suggested by Briggs (1974). In addition, multivariate analyses does not show differences in the species composition, neither between Falkland (Malvinas) Islands and "Southern Argentina" nor between the latter and Tierra del Fuego. Main conclusions: The ichthyological data indicate only one biogeographic province in the region not four as previously posited.