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Fig. 6 in Shelly fossils from the lower Cambrian White Point Conglomerate, Kangaroo Island, South Australia

Fig. 6. The lingulid brachiopod Eodicellomus elkaniiformis Holmer and Ushatinskaya in Gravestock et al., 2001 from the lower Cambrian White Point Conglomerate, Kangaroo Island, South Australia. Dorsal (A–D) and ventral (E–G) valves. A. SAM P57235 in interior view. B. SAM P57236 in interior view. C. SAM P57237 in interior view. D. SAM P57238 in interior view. E. SAM P57240 in interior (E1) and oblique (E2) views. F. SAM P57241 in oblique view. G. SAM P57239 in oblique view.

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Fig. 3 in Shelly fossils from the lower Cambrian White Point Conglomerate, Kangaroo Island, South Australia

Fig. 3. The solenopleurid trilobite Trachoparia? sp. from the lower Cambrian White Point Conglomerate, Kangaroo Island, South Australia. Latex cast of partial cranidium (SAM P57221) showing pustulose ornament and strongly tapered glabella in dorsal (A1), anterior (A3), and oblique anterolateral (A4) views; testate cranidium in dorsal view (A2).

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Fig. 2 in Shelly fossils from the lower Cambrian White Point Conglomerate, Kangaroo Island, South Australia

Fig. 2. Correlation chart showing shelly fossil biozones against the stratigraphic succession in the Flinders Ranges, Fleurieu Peninsula, and Kangaroo Island (adapted from Betts et al. 2018: fig. 27). Note: The succession in the NE Kangaroo Island is based on the Investigator-1 drill core in which the Mt. McDonnell Formation is not apparent (Gehling et al. 2011). Lower boundary of White Point Conglomerate (WPC) is likely faulted. Abundant and diverse shelly fauna (SSF) from the bioclastic limestone clasts in the WPC have an upper Dailyatia odyssei Zone age. Dashed lines indicate uncertain stratigraphic relationship. Abbreviations: K., Kulparina; P., Parabadiella; S., Sunnaginia.

Fig. 4 in A Marrella-like arthropod from the Cambrian of Australia: A new link between "Orsten"-type and Burgess Shale assemblages

Fig. 4. Localities, in which Marrellomorpha (sensu Kühl et al. 2008) have been found. 1, Monastery Creek Phosphorite Formation, Late Templetonian– Early Floran, Australia: Austromarrella klausmuelleri gen. et sp. nov. 2, Kaili, early middle Cambrian, China: Marrella sp. (Zhao et al. 2003). 3, Burgess Shale, middle Cambrian, British Columbia, Canada: Marrella splendens Walcott, 1912 (Whittington 1971; García−Bellido and Collins 2006). 4, Fezouata biota, Ordovician, Morocco: Furca spp. (Van Roy 2006a, b; Van Roy et al. 2010). 5, Letná Formation, Ordovican, Czech Republic: Furca bohemica Fritsch, 1908 (Chlupáč 1999; Van Roy 2006a, b; Rak 2009; Rak et al. 2013). 6, Herefordshire, Silurian, England: Xylokoris chledophilia Siveter, Fortey, Sutton, Briggs and Siveter, 2007 (Siveter et al. 2007). 7, Hunsrück slate, Lower Devonian, Germany: Vachonisia rogeri Lehmann, 1955 (Kühl et al. 2008); Mimetaster hexagonalis Gürich, 1931 (Kühl and Rust 2010). Table indicates occurrences.

Fig. 3. Marrellomorph Marrella splendens Walcott, 1912 in A Marrella-like arthropod from the Cambrian of Australia: A new link between "Orsten"-type and Burgess Shale assemblages

Fig. 3. Marrellomorph Marrella splendens Walcott, 1912, for comparison with Austromarrella klausmuelleri gen. et sp. nov., Mount Murray, Western Queensland, Australia; Series 3 of the Cambrian. A. Dorsal view on a rendered 3D model, based on own observations. B–E. Micrographs under polarized light. B. Beautifully preserved specimen USNM 83486f with the exopods in a "rusty" preservation (cf. García−Bellido and Collins 2006). C. Stereo image of specimen USNM 139665. Exopods of preceding limbs are super−imposing each other, separated by a thin layer of sediment. D. Detail of specimen ROM 56766A in "rusty" preservation. Here the spines on the lateral side of the exopod ringlets are well preserved. E. One of the smallest specimens of M. splendens USNM 219817e that possesses preserved appendage remains. The single fragmentary specimen of A. klausmuelleri could, based on its size, belong to an entire specimen of a comparable size.

Fig. 1 in A Marrella-like arthropod from the Cambrian of Australia: A new link between "Orsten"-type and Burgess Shale assemblages

Fig. 1. SEM images of the holotype and single specimen CPC 30719 of marrellomorph Austromarrella klausmuelleri gen. et sp. nov., Mount Murray, Western Queensland, Australia; Series 3 of the Cambrian. A. Median or lateral view, exposing the more or less lanceolate lamellae. B. Anterior or posterior view. The 16 ringlets are well separated from each other. Letters indicate the direction of view in images D–F. C. Median or lateral view, opposing to side displayed in A. Here the insertion of the most proximal preserved ringlet is well apparent. D–F. Details of the stout spines on the most distal preserved annuli viewed as indicated in image B. D. View from latero/medio−proximal on the distal tip. E. View from lateral/median, same spine as in D. F. View from medio/latero−proximal. Spine on the other side of the same ringlet as in D and E.

Fig. 2 in A Marrella-like arthropod from the Cambrian of Australia: A new link between "Orsten"-type and Burgess Shale assemblages

Fig. 2. Examples of multi−annulated exopods of fossil and extant representatives of the taxa Agnostina and Crustacea sensu lato. A. SEM image of the exopod of the second head appendage of Agnostus pisiformis (Wahlenberg, 1818) composed of nine articles. Each of the six distal articles bears a pair of long, outwardly directed setae, a short spinule close to the base of the setae and a short seta opposite of the long setae (cf. Müller and Walossek 1987: pl. 18.1). Series 3 of the Cambrian (Agnostus pisiformis Zone), UB 832. B. SEM image of appendages two and three of a stage two larva of the fossil micro−predator Goticaris longispinosa Walossek and Müller, 1990. Series 3 of the Cambrian (Agnostus pisiformis Zone), UB 98. Detail of pl. 2.5 of Haug et al. (2009b). C. SEM image of the appendages two to four of the phosphatocopine Vestrogothia spinata Müller, 1964, Furongian, Cambrian, UB 622. D. Light microscopic image (processed according to Haug et al. 2009a) of a putative thecostracan larva (E_G2010_16_2_1), from the Devonian Windyfield Chert (cf. Fayers and Trewin 2004). E. Composite fluorescence image (cf. Haug et al. 2008) of an undetermined natant decapod from the Solnhofen Lithographic Limestones, Upper Jurassic, Southern Germany (SMNS 70149, ex coll. Gebert, Iphofen). F. SEM image of the second antenna of the Recent mystacocarid Derocheilocaris remanei Delamare−Deboutteville and Chappuis, 1951 (cf. Olesen 2001; Haug et al. 2011). Specimen from the collection of the Zoological Museum, Copenhagen. G. SEM image of a pleomeric segment with a pair of pleopods of the Recent amphipod Gammarus roeselii Gervais, 1835. Image courtesy Gerd Mayer, Ulm.

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Fig. 6 in The oldest brachiopods from the lower Cambrian of South Australia

Fig. 6. Backscatter SEM images of polished cross−sections of Cambrian paterinate brachiopods, Askepasma saproconcha sp. nov. (A) and Askepasma toddense Laurie, 1986 (B–E). A. SAMP47096, Wilkawillina Limestone, Narina Road, showing polygonal ornament exposed along a crack (top left corner of image) and the traces of polygonal structures through the shell. B. SAMP43361, Wilkawillina Limestone, sample MMF0.0, in limestone matrix (B1), transversal cross section showing thin fringes along the external shell surface; boxes show position of D and E; sketches of the lateral margins (B2). Details of B showing the polygonal structures of the fringes along the external shell surface (D1, E1); labelled sketches (D2, E2) showing different stages of closure of polygonal compartments; dotted line indicates a hypothetic lamina that sealed the compartments and acted as surface for apatite along the top of the compartments (ceiling deposits). C. SAMP 43332, Wilkawillina Limestone, sample MMF0.0, longitudinal cross−section of a specimen that was isolated by acid maceration and embedded in resin.

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Fig. 1 in The oldest brachiopods from the lower Cambrian of South Australia

Fig. 1. Locality and geological maps showing position of sampled stratigraphic sections and spot localities. A. Mount Scott area with positions of sections AJX−M and AJX−N. B. Bunkers Range showing location of section MMF. C. Geographical position of localities in the Flinders Ranges. D. Location of spot sample taken near the Kanyaka ruins. E. Bunkers Graben, showing location of section 10MS and the Wilkawillina Type Section. F. General position of field area in South Australia. G. Chace, Druid, and Elder ranges, showing position of sections ER9 and CR1 and spot locality in the Druid Range.

Fig. 5 in The first record of the ichthyodectiform fish Cladocyclus from eastern Gondwana: A new species from the Lower Cretaceous of Queensland, Australia

Fig. 5. Ichthyodectiform fish Cladocyclus geddesi sp. nov. (QM F44329) from near Isisford, central-western Queensland, Australia; Lower Cretaceous (upper Albian) strata of the Winton Formation, area of articulation for the lower jaw. Photograph (A) and interpretive drawing (B). Hatched area indicates broken bone.

Fig. 1 in The first record of the ichthyodectiform fish Cladocyclus from eastern Gondwana: A new species from the Lower Cretaceous of Queensland, Australia

Fig. 1. Map showing the discovery site of Cladocyclus geddesi sp. nov. (QM F44329) near the town of Isisford, central-western Queensland, Australia. Gray area indicates the extent of the upper Albian–lower Turonian Winton Formation.

Fig. 6 in The first record of the ichthyodectiform fish Cladocyclus from eastern Gondwana: A new species from the Lower Cretaceous of Queensland, Australia

Fig. 6. Projection of the hyomandibular facet and angle of the parasphenoid in three ichthyodectiform fishes. A. Cladocyclus gardneri Agassiz, 1841 based on AMNH 19129). B. Aidachar pankowskii (Forey and Cavin, 2007) (after Forey and Cavin 2007: fig. 4). C. Ichthyodectes ctenodon Cope, 1871 after Badack 1965: 14). Also, note differences in proportions of the skull in these ichthyodectiforms. QM F44329 (Cladocyclus geddesi sp. nov.) has the same angle of the parasphenoid as Cladocyclus gardneri.

Fig. 4 in The first record of the ichthyodectiform fish Cladocyclus from eastern Gondwana: A new species from the Lower Cretaceous of Queensland, Australia

Fig. 4. Ichthyodectiform fish Cladocyclus geddesi sp. nov. (QM F44329) from near Isisford, central-western Queensland, Australia; Lower Cretaceous upper Albian) strata of the Winton Formation, braincase in dorsolateral view. Photograph (A) and interpretive drawing (B).

Fig. 3 in The first record of the ichthyodectiform fish Cladocyclus from eastern Gondwana: A new species from the Lower Cretaceous of Queensland, Australia

Fig. 3. Ichthyodectiform fish Cladocyclus geddesi sp. nov. (QM F44329) from near Isisford, central-western Queensland, Australia; Lower Cretaceous (upper Albian) strata of the Winton Formation, in lateral view. Photograph (A) and interpretive drawing (B).

Fig. 7 in The first record of the ichthyodectiform fish Cladocyclus from eastern Gondwana: A new species from the Lower Cretaceous of Queensland, Australia

Fig. 7. Outlines of various ichthyodectiform pectoral girdle (cleithrum, coracoid, and scapular) arrangements in lateral external view. A. Allothrissops mesogaster (Agassiz, 1843) (redrawn from Patterson and Rosen 1977: fig. 10). B. Thrissops formosus Agassiz, 1833 (redrawn from Taverne 1977: fig. 5). C. Unamichthys espinosai Alvarado-Ortega, 2004 (IGM 8373). D. Cladocyclus geddesi sp. nov. (QM F44329). E. Cladocyclus gardneri Agassiz, 1841 (AMNH 11877). F. Vallecillichthys multivertebratum Blanco and Cavin, 2003 (redrawn from Blanco-Piñón 2003: fig. 9.2).

Fig. 8 in The first record of the ichthyodectiform fish Cladocyclus from eastern Gondwana: A new species from the Lower Cretaceous of Queensland, Australia

Fig. 8. Phylogenetic relationships of Cladocyclus geddesi sp. nov. (QM F44329). Stratigraphically calibrated strict consensus of 3 most-parsimonious trees (length 223, CI 0.45, RI, 0.67) analysed using T.N.T. 1.1 (Goloboff et al. 2003), with a heuristic search (1000 replicates in "Traditional search" with TBR branch swapping). See Appendix 1 for new character descriptions, taxon-character matrix, and a list of character state transformation for each taxon. Age ranges correspond to those provided in Cavin et al. (2013).

Fig. 2 in A new genus of lungfish from the Givetian (Middle Devonian) of central Australia

Fig. 2. Dipnoan fish Harajicadipterus youngi gen. et sp. nov. from the Harajica Sandstone Member (Givetian), central Australia. Holotype, NMV P228725, skull−roofing bones, operculum, tooth plates and pectoral girdle in opposing views (A, C); interpretive drawing of same (B, D). E. CPC 24697, skull roof in dorsal view. F. Interpretive drawing of same. All specimens are latex casts of impressions in rock and whitened with ammonium chloride. Dashed lines represent approximate extent of cleithrum in D and approximate position of orbit.

Fig. 5 in A new genus of lungfish from the Givetian (Middle Devonian) of central Australia

Fig. 5. Comparison between dorsal and right lateral views of skull roof pattern of Devonian dipnoans. A, B. Chirodipterus australis from the Gogo Formation (Frasnian), Australia, redrawn from Miles (1977:232−233); comparison between dorsal and right lateral views. C, D. Holodipterus (Asthenorhynchus) meemannae from the Gogo Formation (Frasnian), Australia, redrawn from Pridmore et al. (1994: 152). E. Dipterus valenciennesi from the Old Red Sandstone (Middle Devonian) of Scotland, redrawn from Campbell and Barwick (1990: 154). F. Dipterus valenciennesi from the Old Red Sandstone (Middle Devonian) of Scotland, redrawn from Jarvik (1980: 413). G, H. Howidipterus donnae from Mount Howitt (Givetian), Victoria, Australia, redrawn from Long (1992: 306). I. Amadeodipterus kencampbelli from the Amadeus Basin (Emsian–Eifelian), central Australia, redrawn from Young and Schultze (2005:20). J, K. Harajicadipterus youngi gen. et sp. nov. from the Harajica Sandstone Member (Givetian), central Australia, drawn from specimens NMV P228725 and CPC 24697. Abbreviation: Op, operculum.

Fig. 1 in A new genus of lungfish from the Givetian (Middle Devonian) of central Australia

Fig. 1. The Amadeus Basin in central Australia (for location see small map), showing Devonian vertebrate localities (re−drawn from Young 2005). Harajicadipterus youngi gen. et sp. nov. is known from locality 6.

Fig. 3 in A new genus of lungfish from the Givetian (Middle Devonian) of central Australia

Fig. 3. Dipnoan fish Harajicadipterus youngi gen. et sp. nov. from the Harajica Sandstone Member (Givetian), central Australia. A. Photograph of upper left pterygoid tooth plate, NMV P229314, latex cast impression whitened with ammonium chloride. B. Interpretive drawing of same. C. Articulated vertebral centra, CPC 24698. D. Drawing of same. E. Isolated scale in external view showing ornament CPC 24699. F. Drawing of same.