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47,155 results for “evaluations”
eDNA quantification to evaluate bullfrog management
<p><span>Biological invasions contribute now more than ever to the global homogenization of fauna and flora. Large-scale monitoring programs are therefore needed to detect incipient invasions and to evaluate management interventions. As conventional monitoring methods are constrained by large costs, environmental DNA (eDNA)-based methods are increasingly recognized as valuable monitoring tools. However, accurately estimating species abundance from eDNA concentrations in natural systems remains challenging and consequently hinders their integration in management applications. Here, we used droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) in eDNA surveys to estimate the abundance of invasive American bullfrogs (<em>Lithobates catesbeianus</em>). We first introduced bullfrog tadpoles in natural ponds to assess the relationship between abundances and eDNA concentrations under field conditions. Next, we combined eDNA sampling with fyke netting in naturally colonized ponds to investigate whether bullfrog eDNA concentrations can estimate bullfrog capture success and conventional abundance measures obtained via depletion sampling. Finally, we evaluated eradication measures by comparing bullfrog eDNA concentrations before and after fyke netting. We found a strong linear relationship between the numbers of introduced tadpoles and eDNA concentrations (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.988). Bullfrog eDNA concentrations were not only linearly related to the catch-per-unit-effort (r<sup>2 </sup>= 0.739), but also to conventional abundance estimates (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.716), particularly when eDNA concentrations were standardized for pond area (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.834) and volume (r<sup>2 </sup>= 0.888). Bullfrog tadpoles were only captured when eDNA concentrations exceeded 1.5 copies µL<sup>-1</sup>, indicating that quantitative eDNA analyses enable the localization of breeding ponds. We found a significant reduction in eDNA concentrations after fyke netting proportional to the number of captured bullfrogs. These results demonstrate that eDNA quantification is a reliable tool that accurately estimates bullfrog abundance in natural lentic systems. We show that quantitative eDNA analyses can complement the toolbox of natural resource managers and facilitate the coordination of eradication campaigns targeting alien invasive species.</span></p>
Evaluation of Sustainable and Environmentally Friendly Stabilization of Cohesionless Sandy Soil for Transportation Infrastructure
<p>Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) is generally used to stabilize cohesionless sandy soils that are often found in coastal areas. Due to its high carbon footprint, many studies are being conducted to identify a suitable green alternative for stabilizing cohesionless soils. Previous studies have shown that partially replacing OPC with waste materials such as nano-silica and coal waste reduces the overall carbon footprint without significantly impacting the performance. Geopolymer (GP) received a lot of attention in the past few decades owing to its similar properties to that of OPC yet with a lower carbon footprint. This study investigated the feasibility of stabilizing cohesionless sandy soils with metakaolin-based GP. Engineering and characterization tests such as shrinkage, strength, pH, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were performed to evaluate various characteristics of the stabilized mixes with different dosages of geopolymer and relate them to microstructural changes. Notably, GP-treated soils did not deteriorate during the durability tests, whereas the OPC-treated soil only retained about 75% of its strength. This is an indication that GP could be a better choice than OPC in coastal areas where cohesionless soils often experience heavy rainfall and flooding. Overall, an optimum dosage of GP improved both the mechanical properties and durability of cohesionless soils.</p>
Expanding the Concept of Comprehensive Area Ratio Parameter to the South-Central States: Towards Simplifying the Structural Evaluation of Flexible Pavements at the Network Level
<p>The surface deflection bowl data collected through falling weight deflectometer (FWD) test is utilized by highway agencies in assessing the performance of the flexible pavement. However, a robust method to evaluate pavement sections utilizing FWD data from all the sensors is seldom developed. There is always a need for DOTs and highway agencies to have a simplified procedure, which can be directly implemented in agencies' databases. This study focuses on expanding and validating the concept of previously developed area ratio parameters towards the pavement section of South-Central States (Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas) in effectively analyzing the pavement performances. Simulation-based deflections are utilized to develop enhanced deflection-based parameters and to reduce the need for extensive FWD testing in the field. Ninety-seven pavement sections in these states are considered to implement and validate simplified procedures that will be readily available to various transportation agencies to evaluate their pavement conditions at the network level. Due to this purpose, a pavement ranking chart is proposed for the five South-Central states, which categorizes the pavement section into very good, good, fair, and poor pavement sections. Eventually, load-induced effects concerning developed parameters are effectively analyzed to predict the remaining service life of the flexible pavement structures. The developed methodologies will be helpful for DOTs and highway agencies to carry out the rehabilitation and maintenance work in time and estimate the budget required in these procedures.</p>
Fragebogen und Datensätze zur Evaluation von Community Mapping und Teilnehmende Beobachtung
<p>Der Datensatz umfasst zwei Fragebögen zur Evaluation von Teilnehmenden der qualitativen Erhebungsmethoden Community Mapping sowie Teilnehmende Beoabchtung im Rahmen des <a href="http://mobilbericht.de">Forschungsprojekts MobilBericht </a>zur Erfassung von Mobilitätsbedarfen. Neben der Bewertung aus der Sicht der Teilnehmenden wurde auch ihre Bewertung der kommunalen Verkehrspolitik in Berlin-Pankow erfragt. Die Ergebnisse der Daten werden als Rohdaten in Excel angeboten.</p>
Evaluation of Polar Winter Mesopause Wind in WACCMX+DART
<p>Daily average zonal mean WACCMX+DART output for select days in DJFM 2006-2019 and JJAS 2008-2017. The following variables are stored as a function of latitude, pressure level, and date:</p> <p>TP2D = "Temperature (K)"</p> <p>U2D = "Zonal Wind (m/s)"</p> <p>V2D = "Meridional Wind (m/s)"</p> <p>Z2D = "Geopotential Height (m)"</p> <p>BUTGWSPEC = "Beres (deep) U tendency - gravity wave spectrum" (m/s2) (Convective sources)</p> <p>CH4 = "CH4 concentration" (mol/mol)</p> <p>CO = "CO concentration" (mol/mol)</p> <p>NO = "NO concentration" (mol/mol)</p> <p>NOx = "NOx (N+NO+NO2)" (mol/mol)</p> <p>O = "O concentration" (mol/mol)</p> <p>O2 = "O2 concentration" (mol/mol)</p> <p>O3: = "O3 concentration" (mol/mol)</p> <p>OMEGA = "Vertical velocity (pressure)" (Pa/s)</p> <p>TTGW = "T tendency - gravity wave drag" (K/s)</p> <p>UTGWORO = "U tendency - orographic gravity wave drag" (m/s2)</p> <p>UTGWSPEC = "C&M U tendency - gravity wave spectrum" (m/s2) (Frontal Sources)</p> <p>VTGWORO = "V tendency - orographic gravity wave drag" (m/s2)</p> <p>VTGWSPEC = "C&M V tendency - gravity wave spectrum" (m/s2)</p>
Evaluation of selected semen parameters and biomarkers of male infertility – preliminary study
<p>Visualization of sperm chromatin dispersion test (SCD). Micrographs obtained by light microscopy.</p>
Evaluating how management policies affect red wolf mortality and disappearance (1987-2020)
<p>We analyzed data acquired from the USFWS Red Wolf Recovery Program (hereafter 'Recovery Program') on radio-marked (hereafter collared), monitored red wolves (i.e., within the NC recovery area). The Recovery Program data include the monitoring history for all collared and monitored adult red wolves released to the wild since the beginning of releases in 1987 to March 1, 2020; n=526. The Recovery Program survival dataset contains the following individual covariates employed in our analyses: endpoint (i.e., final wolf fate by cause of death or disappearance [lost-to-follow-up, LTF]), capture date (beginning of monitoring), and date of endpoint (end of monitoring). The dataset also provided data on sex and other individual covariates not used for our study and hence not described. For recovered wolf carcasses, cause of death was estimated by USFWS using standard methods following necropsy and radiography. Agency removal occurred when a red wolf was captured and removed permanently (lethally or not) from the NC population, generally because the wolf was considered a problem animal by USFWS but also some wolves were removed to supplement other wild populations (n=5). The LTF endpoint occurred when a wolf in the wild disappeared from monitoring because the affixed radio-collar stopped functioning due to either mechanical/battery failure or tampering/destruction by external causes including humans.</p> <p>We reclassified the marked animals' fates obtained from the Recovery Program survival data into the following mutually-exclusive endpoints, following previous studies: agency removals (lethal or not, by agency personnel; n=40, 7.6%), collision (trauma by vehicle(s); n=68, 12.9%), reported poached (n=150, 28.5%), nonhuman (unrelated to humans; e.g., disease, intraspecific strife, n=66, 12.5%), and unknown (unable to discern cause of death in necropsy; n=82, 15.6%). We include LTF (disappeared individuals; n=117, 22.2%) as one of multiple mutually-exclusive endpoints.</p> <p>We estimated the time between collaring (capture date) and endpoint in days (t) for each red wolf (n=526) in our dataset. We calculated time collared (t) differently for surviving, dead, removed to captivity and LTF endpoints, following previous studies. For our mortality endpoints, we estimated t for wolves monitored by telemetry until death. For wolves relocated to captivity, we used the date of final removal to captivity by agency action. For LTF wolves, we used the last date of telemetry contact. We censored any wolves who were alive at the end of our study period (March 1, 2020, n=3 wolves).</p> <p>In our study, we exploit the complementarity of both models: our joint stratified Cox model allowed us to test the hypothesis that our management covariates affected the rate of occurrence (i.e., hazard) of specific endpoints, and endpoint-specific FG models allowed us to test if and how much these same covariates affected the probability and incidence of said endpoints.</p>
Active optical switching evaluation in lab settings
<p>Transfer function of a MZI with PZT actuators on top by tuning the voltage in both arms</p>
Data from: Phylogenomic analyses of echinoid diversification prompt a re-evaluation of their fossil record
<p>Echinoids are key components of modern marine ecosystems. Despite a remarkable fossil record, the emergence of their crown group is documented by few specimens of unclear affinities, rendering their early history uncertain. The origin of sand dollars, one of its most distinctive clades, is also unclear due to an unstable phylogenetic context. We employ eighteen novel genomes and transcriptomes to build a phylogenomic dataset with a near-complete sampling of major lineages. With it, we revise the phylogeny and divergence times of echinoids, and place their history within the broader context of echinoderm evolution. We also introduce the concept of a chronospace—a multidimensional representation of node ages—and use it to explore methodological decisions involved in time calibrating phylogenies. We find the choice of clock model to have the strongest impact on divergence times, while the use of site-heterogeneous models and alternative node prior distributions showing minimal effects. The choice of loci has an intermediate impact, affecting mostly deep Paleozoic nodes, for which clock-like genes recover dates more congruent with fossil evidence. Our results reveal that crown group echinoids originated in the Permian and diversified rapidly in the Triassic, despite the relative lack of fossil evidence for this early diversification. We also clarify the relationships between sand dollars and their close relatives and confidently date their origins to the Cretaceous, implying ghost ranges spanning approximately 50 million years, a remarkable discrepancy with their rich fossil record.</p>
Exploring Hierarchy and Dependency of Rules for Consistency Checking Between Code and Model (Evaluation Data)
<p>This repository contains the data related to the protocol and results of the evaluation conducted on the HiDeoCR approach. </p>
Evaluating the use of hair as a non-invasive indicator of trace mineral status in woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou)
<p>Trace mineral imbalances can have significant effects on animal health, reproductive success, and survival. Monitoring their status in wildlife populations is, therefore, important for management and conservation. Typically, livers and kidneys are sampled to measure mineral status, but biopsies and lethal-sampling are not always possible, particularly for Species at Risk. We aimed to: 1) determine baseline mineral levels in Northern Mountain caribou (<em>Rangifer tarandus caribou</em>; Gmelin, 1788) in northwestern British Columbia, Canada, and 2) determine if hair can be used as an effective indicator of caribou mineral status by evaluating associations between hair and organ mineral concentrations. Hair, liver, and kidney samples from adult male caribou (n<sub>Hair</sub>= 31; n<sub>Liver</sub>, n<sub>Kidney</sub>= 43) were collected by guide-outfitters in 2016-2018 hunting seasons. Trace minerals and heavy metals were quantified using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and organ and hair concentrations of same individuals were compared. Some organ mineral concentrations differed from other caribou populations, though no clinical deficiency or toxicity symptoms were reported in our population. Significant correlations were found between liver and hair selenium (rho=0.66, p<0.05), kidney and hair cobalt (rho=0.51, p<0.05), and liver and hair molybdenum (rho=0.37, p<0.10). These findings suggest that hair trace mineral assessment may be used as a non-invasive and easily-accessible way to monitor caribou selenium, cobalt, and molybdenum status, and may be a valuable tool to help assess overall caribou health.</p>
Animal eMotion, or the emotional evaluation of moving animals
<p>Dataset relative to the following publication:</p> <p>Schmidt, F., Schürmann, L., & Haberkamp, A. (in press). Animal EMotion, or The Emotional Evaluation of Moving Animals. <em>Cognition & Emotion</em>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2022.2087600">https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2022.2087600</a></p> <p>Each experiment folder contains the data relative to one study in .csv and .mat format and a text file with comments. The example stimuli folder contains example images and videos that are published under licenses allowing us to share them freely.</p>
DCASE 2022 Task 5: Few-shot Bioacoustic Event Detection Evaluation Set
<p><strong>General Description</strong></p> <p>The evaluation set for task 5 of DCASE 2022 "Few-shot Bioacoustic Event Detection" consists of 46 audio files acquired from different bioacoustic sources. </p> <p>The first 5 annotations are provided for each file, with events marked as positive (POS) for the class of interest. </p> <p>This dataset is to be used for evaluation purposes during the task</p> <p><strong>Folder Structure</strong></p> <p><em>Evaluation_Set.zip</em></p> <p> |___DC/</p> <p> |____*.wav</p> <p> |____*.csv</p> <p> |___CT/</p> <p> |____*.wav</p> <p> |____*.csv</p> <p> |___CHE/</p> <p> |____*.wav</p> <p> |____*.csv</p> <p> |___MGE/</p> <p> |____*.wav</p> <p> |____*.csv</p> <p> |___MS/</p> <p> |____*.wav</p> <p> |____*.csv</p> <p> |___QU/</p> <p> |____*.wav</p> <p> |____*.csv</p> <p> </p> <p><em>Evaluation_Set_5shots.zip</em> has the same structure but contains only the *.wav files.</p> <p><em>Evaluation_Set_5shots_annotations_only.zip</em> has the same structure but contains only the *.csv files</p> <p>The subfolders denote different recording sources and there may or may not be overlap between classes of interest from different wav files.</p> <p><strong>Annotation structure</strong></p> <p>Each line of the annotation csv represents an event in the audio file. The column descriptions are as follows:<br> [ Audiofilename, Starttime, Endtime, Q ]</p> <p><strong>Development Set</strong></p> <p>The development set for the same task can be found at: <a href="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4543504">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6012309</a></p> <p><strong>Open Access</strong></p> <p>This dataset is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.<br> </p> <p><strong>Contact info</strong></p> <p>Please send any feedback or questions to:<br> Ines Nolasco: i.dealmeidanolasco@qmul.ac.uk</p>
Distribution of blood flow oscillation across the Doppler shift evaluated by the proposed approach with local pressure test.
<p>A step-wise increase in local pressure is known to cause a gradual change in the parameters of capillary blood flow in the<br> upper layers of the skin, and can also affect the measurement results of various optical methods. The impact of the procedure has several subsequent effects, such as mechanical compression of vessels, and neurological and metabolic compensating mechanisms like pressure-induced vasodilation, which maintain the homeostasis of the skin during moderate levels of external pressure and tissue hypoxia. To examine how those effects are translated to the blood flow registering in different ranges of the Doppler spectra, we have developed a 3D-printed pressure distribution tool compatible with the developed sensor which was used, and equipped with a set of weights. </p> <p>During the main series of measurements, the weights were placed into the PDT in a step-wise manner to achieve the<br> following values of pressure applied: 10 mmHg, 30 mmHg, 90 mmHg, 150 mmHg, 210 mmHg. At the end of the procedure, the load was reduced back to 30 mmHg. Experiments were conducted with the participation of 7 healthy volunteers with 10 min LDF recording for each step. To estimate the prominence of the observed effects and substantiate the measuring routing, several preliminary experiments were also conducted where the set of values of pressure was applied with a step-wise increase and then decrease with about 2 min of LDF recordings for each step.</p> <p>Published in IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering "Diagnosis of skin vascular complications revealed by time-frequency analysis and laser Doppler spectrum decomposition", Zherebtsov et al.</p>
RIPOSTE: Evaluation Material
<p>RIPOSTE: Evaluation Material</p> <p>This directory contains the evaluation material supporting the publication Riposte.</p> <p>R. Jolak, T. Rosenstatter, S. Aldaghistani, and R. Scandariato, "A Collaborative Cyber Attack Response Framework for the Automotive Systems" to be published at the 48th Euromicro Conference Series on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA), Gran Canaria, Spain, 2022.</p>
Applying an Inconsistency Repair Mechanism for clone-and-own Code Smell Analysis: the Apo-games Case Study (Evaluation Data)
<p>This is a repository containing the artifacts and the results of the evaluation of the solution paper "Applying an Inconsistency Repair Mechanism for <em>clone-and-own</em> Code Smell Analysis: the Apo-games Case Study"</p>
Following Darwin's footsteps: Evaluating the impact of an activity designed for elementary school students to link historically important evolution key concepts on their understanding of natural selection
<p>While several researchers have suggested that evolution should be explored from the initial years of schooling, little information is available on effective resources to enhance elementary school students' level of understanding of evolution by natural selection (LUENS). For the present study, we designed, implemented and evaluated an educational activity planned for fourth graders to explore concepts and conceptual fields that were historically important for the discovery of natural selection. Observation field notes and students' productions were used to analyse how the students explored the proposed activity. Additionally, an evaluation framework consisting of a test, the evaluation criteria and the scoring process was applied in two fourth-grade classes to estimate elementary school students' LUENS before and after engaging in the activity. Our results suggest that our activity allowed students to effectively link all of the key concepts in the classroom and produced a significant increase in their LUENS. These results indicate that our activity had a positive impact on students' understanding of natural selection. They also reveal that additional activities and minor fine-tuning of the present activity are required to further support students' learning about the concept of differential reproduction. We also observed a low level of teleological predictions for both pre- and post-tests. --</p>
Evaluation of the impact of chemical control on the ecology of Rattus norvegicus of an urban community in Salvador, Brazil
<p>dataset of rodent trapping in a pre/post-intervention scheme. Check publication of the same name for details on the study design. File contains complete comprehensive codebook.</p>
Optimization and evaluation of a two-stage chromogenic tenase assay for measurement of emicizumab plasma levels
<p>A two-stage chromogenic tenase assay allows specific measurement of emicizumab plasma levels over a broad concentration range (10 µg/ml to 100 µg/ml). The assay showed a reasonable agreement with one-stage clotting assy used for emicizumab quantificaition and can be applied on an automated coagulation analyzer, demonstrating its applicability within a routine laboratory setting.</p>
Data for dynDeepDRIM evaluation
<p>The data is for evaluating dynDeepDRIM https://github.com/yuxu-1/dynDeepDRIM and repeating the experiment in the related manuscript. The raw time-course single-cell RNA-seq data are from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and ArrayExpress. Accession numbers: GSE79578 (mESC1), GSE65525 (mESC2), E-MTAB-3929 (hESC1), GSE75748(hESC2), GSE104158 (Mouse brain cortex). The simulation datasets (sim1, sim2, sim3, and sim4) were generated by dyngen, a scRNA-seq data simulator. These gene expression datasets were normalized by sctransform, a scRNA-seq data normalization tool based on negative binomial regression.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.