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FIGURE 3 in Epibiontic life on intertidal Setaphyes kielensis and S. dentatus (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) from Sylt, North Sea, Germany, with a description of a new species of Trematosoma (Ciliophora, Acinetidae) and a redescription of Cothurnia buetschlii (Ciliophora, Vaginicolidae)

FIGURE 3. Setaphyes kielensis (A–C, ZMB 12475; D, ZMB 12464; E, F, ZMB 12465; G, ZMB 12462) with specimens of Trematosoma husselae sp. nov., SEM, ventral view. A–C. Specimen with 43 epibionts, segments 1–4 (A), 5–7 (B), and 8–11 (C). D. Segment 8, epibiont surface. E. Segment 6, epibiont surface covered with detritus. F. Segment 8, frontal view on small spherical specimen of Trematosoma husselae sp. nov. G. Segment 10, arrow marks specimen with withdrawn tentacles. Abbreviations: gco, gland cell outlet; lts, lateral terminal spine; s, segment, followed by segment number; se, seta; su, suctorian epibiont; te, tentacle. Scale bar in A–C 40 µm, in D–F 10 µm, and in G 20 µm.

FIGURE 10 in Epibiontic life on intertidal Setaphyes kielensis and S. dentatus (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) from Sylt, North Sea, Germany, with a description of a new species of Trematosoma (Ciliophora, Acinetidae) and a redescription of Cothurnia buetschlii (Ciliophora, Vaginicolidae)

FIGURE 10. Setaphyes kielensis (A–C, ZMB 12458; D, ZMB 12488) with cuticular marks and filamentous prokaryotes, SEM (A–C) and DIC (D). A. Cuticular marks (arrows) of detached ciliate specimens, laterodorsal view. B. Segment 1 with large mucous? attachment sites to basibiont (arrows), frontal view. C. Segments 7–11, ventral view. D. Segments 8–10, ventral view. Abbreviations: co, Cothurnia buetschlii; fp, filamentous prokaryotes; lts, lateral terminal spine; pl, placid; s, segment, followed by segment number; su, suctorian epibiont. Scale bar in A–C 20 µm and in D 50 µm.

FIGURE 1 in Epibiontic life on intertidal Setaphyes kielensis and S. dentatus (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) from Sylt, North Sea, Germany, with a description of a new species of Trematosoma (Ciliophora, Acinetidae) and a redescription of Cothurnia buetschlii (Ciliophora, Vaginicolidae)

FIGURE 1. Map showing the locations of Pycnophyes communis, Setaphyes dentatus, and S. kielensis in European waters and the sampling site of S. dentatus and S. kielensis in the North Sea, island of Sylt (asterisks in inset A).

FIGURE 9 in Epibiontic life on intertidal Setaphyes kielensis and S. dentatus (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) from Sylt, North Sea, Germany, with a description of a new species of Trematosoma (Ciliophora, Acinetidae) and a redescription of Cothurnia buetschlii (Ciliophora, Vaginicolidae)

FIGURE 9. Setaphyes kielensis (ZMB 12486), segment 10 with Cothurnia buetschlii (specimens 1–4), ventral view. A. Overview of position of epibionts. Numbers indicate specimens of C. buetschlii (comp. also Table 6). B–G. Specimens 3 (B) and 4 (C–G), images 8 (C), 15 (D), 19 (E), 24 (F) and 28 (G) showing surface annulation of zooid (C, D), internal longitudinal striae of stalk and endostyle (D–F), and attachment site of stalk to the cuticle of the basibiont (G, arrowheads). Note elongate macronucleus and numerous micronuclei (E–G). White arrows (D, E) mark basal outer margin of lorica, black arrows (D, E) point to bottom margin of lorica. Abbreviations: an, annulation on surface of zooid; ci, ciliae; en, endostyle; in, withdrawn infundibulum; lo, lorica; lts, lateral terminal spine; ma, macronucleus; mi, micronucleus; ps, penile spine; sc, spherical cavity; st, stalk; su, suctorian epibiont; zo, zooid. Scale bar in A 50 µm and in D 20 µm, valid for B–G.

FIGURE 7 in Epibiontic life on intertidal Setaphyes kielensis and S. dentatus (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) from Sylt, North Sea, Germany, with a description of a new species of Trematosoma (Ciliophora, Acinetidae) and a redescription of Cothurnia buetschlii (Ciliophora, Vaginicolidae)

FIGURE 7. Setaphyes kielensis (ZMB 12468) with epibionts, SEM. A. Segments 1–11, ventral-right. B. Segments 4–8, ventral view. Arrows mark laterally recessed anterior margin of lorica of Cothurnia buetschlii. Abbreviations: co, Cothurnia buetschlii; fp, filamentous prokaryotes; lts, lateral terminal spine; s, segment, followed by segment number; se, seta; su, suctorian epibiont; tu, tube. Scale bar in A 100 µm and in B 20 µm.

FIGURE 2 in Epibiontic life on intertidal Setaphyes kielensis and S. dentatus (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) from Sylt, North Sea, Germany, with a description of a new species of Trematosoma (Ciliophora, Acinetidae) and a redescription of Cothurnia buetschlii (Ciliophora, Vaginicolidae)

FIGURE 2. Trematosoma husselae sp. nov. on Setaphyes kielensis. A. Drawing of the holotype with internal developing swarmer ventrally on segment 1 of basibiont (ZMB 12499). B. Paratype in side view ventrally on segment 3 of basibiont (ZMB 12489). Arrow marks apical cleft within lorica. Abbreviations: ca, basal cavity in lorica; lo, lorica; ma, macronucleus; mi, micronucleus; st, stalk with internal striation (information taken from different specimen); sw, swarmer; te, tentacle; zo, zooid. Scale bar 30 µm.

FIGURE 5 in Epibiontic life on intertidal Setaphyes kielensis and S. dentatus (Kinorhyncha, Pycnophyidae) from Sylt, North Sea, Germany, with a description of a new species of Trematosoma (Ciliophora, Acinetidae) and a redescription of Cothurnia buetschlii (Ciliophora, Vaginicolidae)

FIGURE 5. Setaphyes kielensis (A, ZMB 12489; B, ZMB 12500; C, ZMB 12499; D, ZMB 12487; J, ZMB 12486; L, ZMB 12397; M, ZMB 12369) and S. dentatus (E–G, K, ZMB 12503; F, H, I, ZMB 12494) with specimens of Trematosoma husselae sp. nov. (A–G, J–M), Cothurnia buetschlii (J), and a case of fungus or developmental artefact (H, I, ZMB 12494), DIC. A. Segments 1–4, lateral and dorso-ventral view on the calyciform, dorso-ventrally compressed lorica with the zooid, ventrolateral view on basibiont. B. Epibiont with swarmer, stalk, and lorica in optical section. C. Epibiont with two macronuclei not fusing at any focal level. D, E. Young, small, spherical epibionts with few tentacles, not all tentacles in focus. F. Young specimen on cuticle of basibiont with striation pattern on surface (arrows). G. Epibiont with tentacles in empty shell of suctorian epibiont. H, I. Segment 10, dorsally (H) and optical section (I), subcuticular fungus or internal sclerotisation artefact of the cuticle (arrows). J. Assemblage of epibionts on segment 10 of basibiont with C. buetschlii (contracted specimen left, extended specimen right), T. husselae sp. nov., and two kinds of filamentous bacteria. Arrows mark endostyle. K. Suctorian on segment 7 of S. dentatus. L, M. Specimens collected 1998, showing cellular substructures (L) and withdrawn zooid with minimum amount of cellular substructures (M). Extended focus images of six (D), eight (H, L), and three (K) images. Arrowheads mark stalks in B, D, E, G, and J. Abbreviations: ba, bacteria; ca, basal cavity in lorica; co, C. buetschlii; en, endostyle; lo, lorica; ma, macronucleus; s, segment, followed by segment number; sc, spherical cavity; sp, sperm; st, stalk; su, suctorian epibiont; sw, swarmer; te, tentacle; tu, tube on segment 2. Scale bar in A 50 µm, in B 20 µm, valid for B, G–J and M, in C 20 µm, valid for C, K, and L, and in D–F 10 µm.

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FIGURES 110–114. Micrommata virescens from Germany. 110–113 in Revision of the huntsman spider genus Micrommata Latreille, 1804 (Sparassidae Sparassinae)

FIGURES 110–114. Micrommata virescens from Germany. 110–113 Prosoma with eye arrangement (110, 113 dorsal; 111 lateral; 112 frontal). 114 Left chelicera, ventral (110–112 male; 113–114 female).

Figure 13 in A revision and histological investigation of Saltoposuchus connectens (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha) from the Norian (Late Triassic) of south-western Germany

Figure 13. Images of the histological cross section of the right femur SMNS 12596j. A, complete overview of the cross-section; B, C, close-up of the endosteal region under (B) normal and (C) polarized light; D, E, close-up of the periosteal region revealing the two annuli under (D) normal and (E) polarized light. Arrow heads indicate the laminae that form the annuli. Abbreviations: eb, endosteal bone; flb, fibrolamellar bone; mc, medullary cavity; vac, vascular canal.

Figure 14 in A revision and histological investigation of Saltoposuchus connectens (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha) from the Norian (Late Triassic) of south-western Germany

Figure 14. Time-calibrated SCT of 20 MPTs with 359 steps. Bremer supports above 1 and Bootstrap supports above 50 are indicated below and above each node, respectively. Consistency index (CI): 0.443; retention index (RI): 0.771. Individual mesoeucrocodylian taxa are omiưed for clarity. Silhoueưe of saltoposuchid modified from artwork of Jaime A. Headden published under a CC BY 3.0 license.

Figure 11 in A revision and histological investigation of Saltoposuchus connectens (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha) from the Norian (Late Triassic) of south-western Germany

Figure 11. Details of the cranial anatomy of Saltoposuchus connectens. A, frontals of SMNS 12597a in ventral view; B, less squamosal of SMNS 12596a in dorsal view; C, right squamosal of SMNS 12597b in ventral view; D, less quadrate of SMNS 12597b in posterolateral view; E, less quadrate of SMNS 12596a in anterolateral view; F, enlarged anterior maxillary tooth of SMNS 12352a in angled lateral view. Abbreviations: adp, anterodorsal process; ap, anterior process; dh, dorsal head; fr, frontal; iqf, internal quadrate fenestra; l., less; lcr, longitudinal crest; lr, longitudinal ridge; olb, olfactory bulb; otfl, otoccipital flange; paf, parietal facet; pmp, posteromedial process; pof, postorbital facet; ppeg, posterior peg; prff, prefrontal facet; ptfl, post-temporal flange; ptp, pterygoid process; ptra, pterygoid ramus; qf, quadrate facet; r., right; stfo, supratemporal fossa; vdp, ventrally directed process; vee, ventral end.

Figure 10. Saltoposuchus connectens referred specimen SMNS 12352. A, SMNS 12352a in A revision and histological investigation of Saltoposuchus connectens (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha) from the Norian (Late Triassic) of south-western Germany

Figure 10. Saltoposuchus connectens referred specimen SMNS 12352. A, SMNS 12352a with the snout region exposed in angled right lateral view; B, interpretative drawing of (A); C, opposite side of SMNS 12352a exposing the posterior portion of the less maxilla and lacrimal in angled lateral view; D, interpretative drawing of (C); E, SMNS 12352b, carpus and manus in dorsal view; F, interpretative drawing of (E); G, SMNS 12352b in medial view; H, interpretative drawing of (G). Abbreviations; antfe, antorbital fenestra; antfo, antorbital fossa; dc, distal carpal; de, dentary; exp, extensor pit; fr, frontal; j, jugal; la, lacrimal; lad, lacrimal duct; mc, metacarpal; mx, maxilla; na, nasal; ph, phalanx; pm, premaxilla; prf, prefrontal; ra, radiale; ul, ulnare.

Figure 12 in A revision and histological investigation of Saltoposuchus connectens (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha) from the Norian (Late Triassic) of south-western Germany

Figure 12. Details of the postcranial anatomy of Saltoposuchus connectens. A, dorsal vertebral neural arch and dorsal rib of SMNS 12596c in ventral view; B, associated osteoderms of SMNS 12596c in dorsal view; C, sacral ribs and associated elements of SMNS 12597a in dorsal view; D, distal portion of right scapular blade of SMNS 12597a in lateral view; E, proximal end of right tibia of SMNS 12597a in proximal view; F, less tarsus and pes of SMNS 12597a with the calcaneum exposed in lateral view; G, close-up of less tarsus of SMNS 12597a; H, close-up of less pes of SMNS 12597a. Abbreviations: ane, anterior expansion; cal, calcaneum; calt, calcaneal tuber; cp, capitulum; dp, diapophysis; dt, distal tarsal; exp, extensor pit; fe, femur; fi, fibula; il, ilium; lam, lamina; latc, lateral condyle; le, lateral edge; lr, longitudinal ridge; me, medial edge; mt, metatarsal; no, notch; pap, parapophysis; ph, phalanx; pme, posterior extension; poe, posterior expansion; pofl, posterior flange; poz, postzygapophysis; os, osteoderm; r., right; sr, sacral rib; tb, tuberculum; ti, tibia; un, ungual.

Figure 9. Saltoposuchus connectens referred specimen SMNS 12591a. A in A revision and histological investigation of Saltoposuchus connectens (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha) from the Norian (Late Triassic) of south-western Germany

Figure 9. Saltoposuchus connectens referred specimen SMNS 12591a. A, skull and mandible in dorsal view; B, interpretative drawing of (A); C, ventral view; D, interpretative drawing of (C). Abbreviations: an, angular; antfo, antorbital fossa; bpp, basipterygoid process; crb, ceratobranchial I; de, dentary; ect, ectopterygoid; fr, frontal; j, jugal; la, lacrimal; mx, maxilla; na, nasal; pa, parietal; pbs, parabasisphenoid; pl, palatine; plf, palatine fossa; po, postorbital; pra, pre-articular; prf, prefrontal; pt, pterygoid; ptmr, pterygoid medial rim; sa, surangular; spl, splenial; sq, squamosal; vo, vomer.

Figure 7. Saltoposuchus connectens referred specimen SMNS 55009, continued. A, B, C, D, E, F, SMNS 55009e in A revision and histological investigation of Saltoposuchus connectens (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha) from the Norian (Late Triassic) of south-western Germany

Figure 7. Saltoposuchus connectens referred specimen SMNS 55009, continued. A, B, C, D, E, F, SMNS 55009e, right tibia in (A) posterior, (B) anterior, (C) medial, (D) lateral, (E) proximal, and (F) distal views; G, H, SMNS 55009h, metatarsal block in (G) dorsal(?) and (H) opposing views; I, J, K, L, SMNS 55009g, right calcaneum in (I) medial, (J) lateral, (K) proximal, and (L) distal views. Abbreviations: als, anterolateral side; asf, astragalus facet; calt, calcaneal tuber; gr, groove; latc, lateral condyle; lg, longitudinal groove; mt, metatarsal; no, notch; pme, posterior extension; pms, posteromedial side; tr, trough.

Figure 8. Saltoposuchus connectens referred specimen SMNS 12591a. A in A revision and histological investigation of Saltoposuchus connectens (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha) from the Norian (Late Triassic) of south-western Germany

Figure 8. Saltoposuchus connectens referred specimen SMNS 12591a. A, skull and mandible in right lateral view; B, interpretative drawing of A; C, less lateral view; D, interpretative drawing of (C). Abbreviations: an, angular; cc, crista cranii; de, dentary; fr, frontal; j, jugal; la, lacrimal; ls, laterosphenoid; mx, maxilla; na, nasal; pa, parietal; pl, palatine; po, postorbital; prf, prefrontal; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sa, surangular; sq, squamosal.

Figure 5. Saltoposuchus connectens referred specimen SMNS 12596, continued. A, B, SMNS 12596g in A revision and histological investigation of Saltoposuchus connectens (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha) from the Norian (Late Triassic) of south-western Germany

Figure 5. Saltoposuchus connectens referred specimen SMNS 12596, continued. A, B, SMNS 12596g, right pubis in (A) anterior and (B) angled medial views; C, SMNS 12596h, right ischium exposed in dorsomedial view and two proximal caudal vertebrae exposed in dorsal view; D, SMNS 12596i, tentative less ulna in posteromedial view; E, F, G, H, SMNS 12596j, right femur in (E) posteromedial, (F) anterolateral, (G) proximal, and (H) distal views; I, proximal half of the right femur in posterolateral view; J, K, SMNS 12596k, right tibia and fibula, (J) with the tibia in posteromedial and the fibula in lateral(?) view and (K) with the tibia in anterolateral and the fibula in medial(?) view. Abbreviations: alcr, anterolateral crest; amt, anteromedial tuber; car, caudal rib; cav, caudal vertebra; cr, crest; crtf, crista tibiofibularis; fi, fibula; gr, groove; ilf, ilium facet; iss, ischial shass; lc, lateral condyle; ltr, lesser trochanter; mc, medial condyle; no, notch; ns, neural spine; obf, obturator foramen; olp, olecranon process; os, osteoderm; poz, postzygapophysis; pr., proximal; prz, prezygapophysis; pus, pubic shass; put, pubic tubercle; r., right; ti, tibia; tr, trochanter.

Figure 4. Saltoposuchus connectens referred specimen SMNS 12596, continued. A, SMNS 12596d in A revision and histological investigation of Saltoposuchus connectens (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha) from the Norian (Late Triassic) of south-western Germany

Figure 4. Saltoposuchus connectens referred specimen SMNS 12596, continued. A, SMNS 12596d, cervical vertebra exposed in less lateral view; B, interpretative drawing of (A); C, SMNS 12596e, posterior cervical or anterior dorsal vertebra exposed in an angled right anterolateral view; D, interpretative drawing of (C); E, SMNS 12596c, close-up of second sacral vertebra in right lateral view and osteoderm in dorsal view; F, interpretative drawing of (E); G, SMNS 12596f, proximal caudal vertebra block exposed in less lateral view; H, interpretative drawing of (G). Abbreviations: accs, accessory anterior spine; dp, diapophysis; izl, interzygapophyseal lamina; ncs, neurocentral suture; ns, neural spine; os, osteoderm; pap, parapophysis; pcdl, posterior centrodiapophyseal lamina; pofl, posterior flange; poz, postzygaphysis; prdl, prezygodiapophyseal lamina; prz, prezygapophysis; sr, sacral rib; tp, transverse process.

Figure 3 in A revision and histological investigation of Saltoposuchus connectens (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha) from the Norian (Late Triassic) of south-western Germany

Figure 3. Part of Saltoposuchus connectens referred specimen SMNS 12596. A, SMNS 12596a, cranial block; B, SMNS 12596b, two dentaries exposed in ventrolateral view; C, SMNS 12596c exposing a less femur in anterolateral view; D, exposing the opposite side of SMNS 12596c, Abbreviations: de, dentary; dr, dorsal rib; dv, dorsal vertebra; fe, femur; ga, gastralia; l., less; mx, maxilla; na, nasal; os, osteoderm; q, quadrate; r., right; sq, squamosal; sr, sacral rib; sv, sacral vertebra; tp, transverse process.

Figure 2. Saltoposuchus connectens holotype specimen SMNS 12597a–d and referred specimens SMNS 12597e and SMNS 12597f. A, B, SMNS 12597a in A revision and histological investigation of Saltoposuchus connectens (Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha) from the Norian (Late Triassic) of south-western Germany

Figure 2. Saltoposuchus connectens holotype specimen SMNS 12597a–d and referred specimens SMNS 12597e and SMNS 12597f. A, B, SMNS 12597a, main skeletal block in (A) dorsal and (B) ventral views; C, SMNS 12597b, associated cranial elements; D, SMNS 12597d, articulated caudal vertebrae exposed in less lateral view; E, SMNS 12597c with two cervical vertebrae exposed in dorsal view, two dorsal vertebrae exposed in right lateral view, and an osteoderm exposed in dorsal view; F, SMNS 12597e, less angular exposed in medial view; G, H, SMNS 12597f, isolated right calcaneum in (G) medial and (H) lateral views. Abbreviations: an, angular; asf, astragular facet; ca., caudal; cal, calcaneum; calt, calcaneal tuber; cav, caudal vertebra; cev, cervical vertebra; ch, chevron; cp, capitulum; do., dorsal; dp, diapophysis; dr, dorsal rib; ds., distal; dt, distal tarsal; dv, dorsal vertebra; exp, extensor pit; fe, femur; fi, fibula; fr, frontal; gr, groove; il, ilium; j, jugal; l., less; mt, metatarsal; na, nasal; ncs, neurocentral suture; ns, neural spine; os, osteoderm; ot, otoccipital; pa, parietal; pap, parapophysis; ph, phalanx; pop, posterior process; poz, postzygapophysis; pr., proximal; pu, pubis; q, quadrate; r., right; sc, scapula; sq, squamosal; sr, sacral rib; tb, tuberculum; ti, tibia; un, ungual.