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Variation in reproduction and gene flow between cytotypes in a polyploid complex: one size does not fit all
<p>Whole-genome duplication is considered an important speciation mechanism in plants. However, its effect on reproductive isolation between higher cytotypes is not well understood. We used backcrosses between different ploidy levels and surveys of mixed-ploidy contact zones to determine how reproductive barriers differed with cytotype across a polyploid complex. We backcrossed F1 hybrids derived from 2X-4X and 4X-6X crosses in the Campanula rotundifolia autopolyploid complex, measured backcross fitness, and estimated backcross DNA cytotype. We then sampled four natural mixed-ploidy contact zones (two 2X-4X and two 4X-6X), estimated ploidy, and genotyped individuals across each contact zone. Reproductive success and capacity for gene flow was markedly lower for 2X-4X than 4X-6X hybrids. In fact, 3X hybrids could not backcross; all 2X-4X backcross progeny resulted from neotetraploid F1 hybrids. Further, no 3X individuals were found in 2X-4X contact zones, and 2X and 4X individuals were genetically distinct. By contrast, backcrosses of 5X hybrids were relatively successful, particularly when crossed to 6X individuals. In 4X-6X contact zones, 5X individuals and aneuploids were common and all cytotypes were largely genetically similar and spatially intermixed. Taken together, these results provide strong evidence that reproduction is low between 2X and 4X cytotypes, primarily occurring via unreduced gamete production, but that reproduction and gene flow are ongoing between 4X and 6X cytotypes. Further, it suggests whole genome duplication can result in speciation between diploids and polyploids, but is less likely to create reproductive barriers between different polyploid cytotypes, resulting in two fundamentally different potentials for speciation across polyploid complexes.</p>
one-datum: DR3 sample
<p>Produced from <a href="https://gea.esac.esa.int/archive/">the Gaia archive</a> with the following ADQL query:</p> <pre><code class="language-sql">SELECT source_id,ra,dec,parallax,parallax_over_error,bp_rp, phot_g_mean_mag,radial_velocity_error,rv_nb_transits, rv_method_used,rv_visibility_periods_used, rv_renormalised_gof,rv_chisq_pvalue,rv_time_duration, rv_amplitude_robust,rv_template_teff,rv_template_logg, rv_template_fe_h FROM gaiadr3.gaia_source WHERE radial_velocity_error IS NOT NULL AND parallax_over_error > 4 AND rv_nb_transits > 3 AND rv_method_used = 1</code></pre> <p> </p>
Data for: Two is better than one: Coupling DNA metabarcoding and stable isotope analysis improves dietary characterizations for a riparian-obligate, migratory songbird
<p>While an increasing number of studies are adopting molecular and chemical methods for dietary characterization, these studies often employ only one of these laboratory-based techniques; an approach which may yield an incomplete, or even biased, understanding of diet due to each method's inherent limitations. To explore the utility of coupling molecular and chemical techniques for dietary characterizations, we applied DNA metabarcoding alongside stable isotope analysis to characterize the dietary niche of breeding Louisiana waterthrush (<em>Parkesia motacilla</em>), a migratory songbird hypothesized to preferentially provision their offspring with pollution-intolerant, aquatic arthropod prey. While DNA metabarcoding was unable to determine if waterthrush provision aquatic and terrestrial prey in different abundances, we found that specific aquatic taxa were more likely to be detected in successive seasons than their terrestrial counterparts, thus supporting the aquatic specialization hypothesis. Our isotopic analysis added greater context to this hypothesis by concluding that breeding waterthrush provisioned Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera, two pollution-intolerant, aquatic orders, in higher quantities than other prey groups, and expanded their functional trophic niche when such prey were not abundantly provisioned. Finally, we found that the dietary characterizations from each approach were often uncorrelated, indicating that the results gleaned from a diet study can be particularly sensitive to the applied methodologies. Our findings contribute to a growing body of work indicating the importance of high-quality, aquatic habitats for both consumers and their pollution-intolerant prey, while also demonstrating how the application of multiple, laboratory-based techniques can provide insights not offered by either technique alone.</p>
Cloud computing is one of the most popular and sophisticated technologies adopted by organizations worldwide. Some world-leading organizations enhance their efficiency and effectiveness by using cloud computing technology. Working from home (WFH) has been a popular trend among organizations during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The COVID-19 saw a breakthrough in work cultures and environments where working from home was a remarkable success in remote working environments, despite being a rare phenomenon in Sri Lanka. Yet, it is argued that the deployment of work from home has not been effective among Sri Lankan business organizations due to a lack of IT infrastructure, facilities, and knowledge. The purpose of the study is to investigate the impact of cloud computing, embracing the service models (Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, and Software as a Service) as theoretical lenses and testing the COVID-19 as the moderator. The study has been conducted based on a deductive approach and adopted a stratified random sampling method. The sample consisted of 384 IT employees among those who had experienced working from home. The study utilized multiple regression and found that cloud computing service models significantly impact work from home with the moderating effect of COVID-19.
<p>Cloud computing is one of the most popular and sophisticated technologies adopted by organizations worldwide. Some world-leading organizations enhance their efficiency and effectiveness by using cloud computing technology. Working from home (WFH) has been a popular trend among organizations during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The COVID-19 saw a breakthrough in work cultures and environments where working from home was a remarkable success in remote working environments, despite being a rare phenomenon in Sri Lanka. Yet, it is argued that the deployment of work from home has not been effective among Sri Lankan business organizations due to a lack of IT infrastructure, facilities, and knowledge. The purpose of the study is to investigate the impact of cloud computing, embracing the service models (Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, and Software as a Service) as theoretical lenses and testing the COVID-19 as the moderator. The study has been conducted based on a deductive approach and adopted a stratified random sampling method. The sample consisted of 384 IT employees among those who had experienced working from home. The study utilized multiple regression and found that cloud computing service models significantly impact work from home with the moderating effect of COVID-19.</p>
Dataset of "Giant gate-controlled odd-parity magnetoresistance in one-dimensional channels with a magnetic proximity effect"
<p>According to Onsager’s principle, electrical resistance <em>R</em> of general conductors behaves as an even function of external magnetic field <em>B</em>. Only in special circumstances, which involve time reversal symmetry (TRS) broken by ferromagnetism, the odd component of <em>R</em> against <em>B</em> is observed. This unusual phenomenon, called odd-parity magnetoresistance (OMR), was hitherto subtle (< 2%) and hard to control by external means. Here, we report a giant OMR as large as 27% in edge transport channels of an InAs quantum well, which is magnetized by a proximity effect from an underlying ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Fe)Sb layer. Combining experimental results and theoretical analysis using the linearized Boltzmann’s equation, we found that simultaneous breaking of both the TRS by the magnetic proximity effect (MPE) and spatial inversion symmetry (SIS) in the one-dimensional (1D) InAs edge channels is the origin of this giant OMR. We also demonstrated the ability to turn on and off the OMR using electrical gating of either TRS or SIS in the edge channels. These findings provide a deep insight into the 1D semiconducting system with a strong magnetic coupling.</p>
Figs 7–10 in Empis (Planempis) tripotini sp. n. from South Korea: one of the largest empidoid flies ever discovered (Diptera: Empididae)
Figs 7–10. Males of new species with their prey, dorsal view. 7, 9 – E. (P.) tripotini sp. n.;
Figs 5–6. Male habitus, lateral view. 5 in Empis (Planempis) tripotini sp. n. from South Korea: one of the largest empidoid flies ever discovered (Diptera: Empididae)
Figs 5–6. Male habitus, lateral view. 5 – Empis (Planempis) tripotini sp. n.; 6 – E. (P.)
Fig. 1 in Empis (Planempis) tripotini sp. n. from South Korea: one of the largest empidoid flies ever discovered (Diptera: Empididae)
Fig. 1. Empis (Planempis) tripotini sp. n., male habitus, lateral view. Scale bar: 3 mm.
Fig 2–4 in Empis (Planempis) tripotini sp. n. from South Korea: one of the largest empidoid flies ever discovered (Diptera: Empididae)
Fig 2–4. Empis (Planempis) tripotini sp. n., male. 2 – abdomen, dorsal view; 3 – cercus,
Figure 9 in An annotated avian inventory of the Brazilian state of Alagoas, one of the world's most threatened avifauna
Figure 9. Russet-winged Spadebill mist-netted at the Murici Ecological Station on 10 October 2010 (© LABECAN/UFAL).
Figure 8 in An annotated avian inventory of the Brazilian state of Alagoas, one of the world's most threatened avifauna
Figure 8. Cinereous-breasted Spinetail, LACM 26877, collected at Usina Sinimbu, Alagoas, on 12 March 1957 (© Kimball L. Garrett).
Figure 7 in An annotated avian inventory of the Brazilian state of Alagoas, one of the world's most threatened avifauna
Figure 7. From left to right: Campylorhamphus trochilirostris trochilirostris from Igrapiúna, Bahia (MZUSP 91432), Rio Jucurucu, Bahia (MZUSP 14183), and Fazenda Canoas, Alagoas (MZUSP 37334); and Campylorhamphus trochilirostris major from Pacoti, Ceará (MZUSP 33262), and Sítio Cajaíba, Alagoas (MZUSP 84517) (© Rafael D. Lima).
Figure 6 in An annotated avian inventory of the Brazilian state of Alagoas, one of the world's most threatened avifauna
Figure 6. Tawny-throated Leaftosser, MZUSP 39040, collected at Usina Sinimbu, Alagoas, on 28 February 1957 (© Rafael D. Lima).
Figure 4 in An annotated avian inventory of the Brazilian state of Alagoas, one of the world's most threatened avifauna
Figure 4. Brown-hooded Gull, NHMUK 1894.10.28.26, collected at Barra Grande, Maragogi, Alagoas, on 22 September 1883 (© Mark Adams).
Figure 3 in An annotated avian inventory of the Brazilian state of Alagoas, one of the world's most threatened avifauna
Figure 3. Band-rumped Swifts, MZUSP 35984 and 35985, collected at Usina Sinimbu, Alagoas, on 13 November 1952 (© Rafael D. Lima).
Figure 2 in An annotated avian inventory of the Brazilian state of Alagoas, one of the world's most threatened avifauna
Figure 2. Violaceous Quail-Dove, MZUSP 38945, collected at Usina Sinimbu, Alagoas, on 18 February 1957 (© Rafael D. Lima).
Figure 1 in An annotated avian inventory of the Brazilian state of Alagoas, one of the world's most threatened avifauna
Figure 1. (A) Location of the state of Alagoas highlighted within Brazil. (B) Location of the Pernambuco Center of Endemism (PCE), comprising the Atlantic Forest north of the Sao Francisco River (blue line). The Caatinga is depicted in yellow, the Atlantic Forest in green, and savannas are in orange, adapted from Olson et al. (2001), Sagot-Martin et al. (2020) and Lima (2021). (C) Main sites within the state mentioned throughout the text (numbers as in Table 1).
Figure 5 in An annotated avian inventory of the Brazilian state of Alagoas, one of the world's most threatened avifauna
Figure 5. White-chinned Petrel found at Gunga Beach, Roteiro, Alagoas, on 6 July 2018 (© Instituto Biota de Conservação).
Figure 5 in A three-year Herpetofauna survey from one of the largest remnants of the Atlantic Rainforest Biome (Reserva Natural Vale)
Figure 5. Some of the reptile species we recorded in the Vale Natural Reserve, municipality of Linhares, Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil: (a) Acanthochelys radiolata, (b) Chelonoidis carbonaria, (c) Chelonoidis denticulatus, (d) Rhinoclemmys punctularia, (e) Brasiliscincus agilis, (f) Psychosaura macrorhyncha, (g) Norops ortonii, (h) Polychrus marmoratus, (i) Strobilurus torquatus, (j) Tropidurus torquatus, (k) Ameivula nativo, (l) Salvator merianae.
Figure 4 in A three-year Herpetofauna survey from one of the largest remnants of the Atlantic Rainforest Biome (Reserva Natural Vale)
Figure 4. Accumulation (black line) and rarefaction curves (gray line) of the amphibian species recorded during the 23 sampling campaigns from 2015 to 2018 in the Vale Natural Reserve, municipality of Linhares, Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.