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15,738 results for “Stem cells”
TPP statistics data for: Plurifaceted proteomics method identifies a key regulator of translation during stem cells maintenance and differentiation
<p>Statistics data from TPP package.</p>
Data from: Macrophages contribute to the cyclic activation of adult hair follicle stem cells
Skin epithelial stem cells operate within a complex signaling milieu that orchestrates their lifetime regenerative properties. The question of whether and how immune cells impact on these stem cells within their niche is not well understood. Here we show that skin-resident macrophages decrease in number because of apoptosis before the onset of epithelial hair follicle stem cell activation during the murine hair cycle. This process is linked to distinct gene expression, including Wnt transcription. Interestingly, by mimicking this event through the selective induction of macrophage apoptosis in early telogen, we identify a novel involvement of macrophages in stem cell activation in vivo. Importantly, the macrophage-specific pharmacological inhibition of Wnt production delays hair follicle growth. Thus, perifollicular macrophages contribute to the activation of skin epithelial stem cells as a novel, additional cue that regulates their regenerative activity. This finding may have translational implications for skin repair, inflammatory skin diseases and cancer.
Data from: miR-9a modulates maintenance and ageing of Drosophila germline stem cells by limiting N-cadherin expression
Ageing is characterized by a decline in stem cell functionality leading to dampened tissue regeneration. While the expression of microRNAs across multiple species is markedly altered with age, the mechanism by which they govern stem cell-sustained tissue regeneration is unknown. We report that in the Drosophila testis, the conserved miR-9a is expressed in germline stem cells and its levels are significantly elevated during ageing. Transcriptome and functional analyses show that miR-9a directly regulates the expression of the adhesion molecule N-cadherin (N-cad). miR-9a null mutants maintain a higher number of stem cells even in the aged tissue. Remarkably, this rise fails to improve tissue regeneration and results in reduced male fertility. Similarly, overexpression of N-cad also results in elevated stem cell number and decreased regeneration. We propose that miR-9a downregulates N-cad to enable adequate detachment of stem cells toward differentiation, thus providing the necessary directionality toward terminal differentiation and spermatogenesis.
Data from: Phosphorylated Groucho delays differentiation in the follicle stem cell lineage by providing a molecular memory of EGFR signaling in the niche
In the epithelial follicle stem cells (FSCs) of the Drosophila ovary, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) signaling promotes self-renewal, whereas Notch signaling promotes differentiation of the prefollicle cell (pFC) daughters. We have identified two proteins, Six4 and Groucho (Gro), that link the activity of these two pathways to regulate the earliest cell fate decision in the FSC lineage. Our data indicate that Six4 and Gro promote differentiation towards the polar cell fate by promoting Notch pathway activity. This activity of Gro is antagonized by EGFR signaling, which inhibits Gro-dependent repression via p-ERK mediated phosphorylation. We have found that the phosphorylated form of Gro persists in newly formed pFCs, which may delay differentiation and provide these cells with a temporary memory of the EGFR signal. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that phosphorylated Gro labels a transition state in the FSC lineage and describe the interplay between Notch and EGFR signaling that governs the differentiation processes during this period.
Data from: Stem cell differentiation trajectories in Hydra resolved at single-cell resolution
The adult Hydra polyp continually renews all of its cells using three separate stem cell populations, but the genetic pathways enabling this homeostatic tissue maintenance are not well understood. We sequenced 24,985 Hydra single-cell transcriptomes and identified the molecular signatures of a broad spectrum of cell states, from stem cells to terminally differentiated cells. We constructed differentiation trajectories for each cell lineage and identified gene modules and putative regulators expressed along these trajectories, thus creating a comprehensive molecular map of all developmental lineages in the adult animal. In addition, we built a gene expression map of the Hydra nervous system. Our work constitutes a resource for addressing questions regarding the evolution of metazoan developmental processes and nervous system function.
A new look at the role of complement circulating in peripheral blood and expressed in hematopoietic stem cells in the regulation of hematopoiesis
<p>Hematopoietic transplantation is performed by intravenous infusion of donor-derived or autologous hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs), which, in response to bone marrow (BM)-expressed chemoattractant navigate and home to BM hematopoietic niches. This process is followed by their engraftment and expansion to repopulate the recipient’s BM myeloablated before transplantation. The most important BM chemoattractant is the alpha-chemokine stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1). However, its homing role is supported by the bioactive phosphospingolipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and by extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP). As we demonstrated in the past, the CXCR4 receptor for SDF-1 must be incorporated into cell surface membrane lipid rafts (MLRs) for optimal SDF-1 gradient sensing by HSPCs. Our previous research demonstrated that an important and for many years underestimated role in hematopoiesis plays an innate immunity soluble arm that is complement cascade (ComC). We provided an evidence that ComC becomes activated in BM during pharmacological mobilization in response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) or CXCR4 receptor antagonist AMD3100. In this proposal, we will focus on the role of ComC in a reverse phenomenon that is posttransplant homing/engraftment of HSPCs. It is known that the critical step before infusion of HSPCs is the myeloablative treatment of the recipient aimed to destroy pathological hematopoiesis and empty BM niches to provide space available for new transplanted HSPCs. Myeloablative treatment involves high-dose chemotherapy or myeloablative irradiation. In experimental animal transplant models, lethal irradiation is a standard procedure. The available literature indicates that both irradiation and chemotherapy induce in various organs and tissues similarly as during mobilization a state of sterile inflammation and extracellular ATP (eATP) released from damaged cells triggers this process. We postulate that the same occurs in the BM microenvironment, and in fact, our preliminary data shows that ComC becomes activated in mice after myeloablative conditioning for transplantation by lethal gamma-irradiation or exposure to myeloablative chemotherapy. It is known that ComC could be activated by i) classical-, ii) mannan-binding lectin, or iii) alternative-pathway. Activation of ComC leads to the release C3 and C5 complement components cleavage fragments - C3a and C5a anaphylatoxins that are processed by serum carboxypeptidase to desArgC3a and desArgC5a as well as leads to the formation of C5b-C9 or non-lytic or lytic membrane attack complex (MAC), which is the terminal product of ComC activation. On the other hand, both HSPCs and cells in the BM microenvironment express receptors for C3a and C5a (C3aR, C5aR1, and C5aR2). After myeloablative therapy, active ComC cleavage fragments circulate in PB. Therefore, HSPCs infused into the transplant recipient's bloodstream are exposed to these potent innate immunity mediators. This interaction of HSPCs with ComC meditators, as we propose, promotes better navigation of infused cells to the recipient BM niches and we hypothesize is a result of the promotion of MLRs formation on HSPCs. On the other hand, myeloablative conditioning for transplantation induces a state of sterile inflammation in transplant recipient BM to facilitate homing and engraftment of circulating in PB transplanted HSPCs. Finally, new intriguing evidence accumulated that in addition to the liver ComC synthesis occurs also inside some cells – e.g., in lymphocytes. Our recent data indicate that the same phenomenon occurs in HSPCs. Therefore, the intercellular expression of ComC elements known as complosome sheds new light on the underappreciated role of innate immunity in regulating hematopoiesis.</p> <p> </p> <p>This work was supported by the National Science Centre, Poland OPUS grant UMO-2022/45/B/NZ6/00475. </p> <p> </p> <p>The data included in the database were used in the following publications:</p> <p>1. <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41375-024-02188-9" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41375-024-02188-9</a></p> <p>2. <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11302-023-09943-0" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11302-023-09943-0</a></p> <p>3. <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41375-023-01894-0" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41375-023-01894-0</a></p>
De Novo Prediction of Stem Cell Identity using Single-Cell Transcriptome Data
<p>This dataset contains gene expression values, i. e. transcript counts, of 278 intestinal epithelial cells.</p>
Localisation of oestrogen receptors in stem cells and in stem cell derived neurons of the mouse
<p>This dataset is linked to a publication in the Journal of Neuroendocrinology with the following DOI: 10.1111/jne.13220</p> <p>The Readme file gives details of the organisation of this dataset. All data here are raw data obtained from image analyses using the EZcoloc plugin for Fiji (Image J) and this raw data was used to construct the data graphs that are shown in the paper. In some graphs that involve ratios, integrated density values from Fiji were used.</p> <p>The softwares used are EZcoloc plugin and Image J referenced in the Readme file.</p>
ChIP-seq - Definitive endoderm differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells in G1 phase
<p>Backup copy of the processed ChIP-seq data at http://ngs.sanger.ac.uk/production/endoderm/</p>
Microscopy data of RNA polymerase II clusters during RHB differentiation of cultured mouse embryonic stem cells
<p>Main repository containing the analysis scripts and results: 10.5281/zenodo.8013242</p>
Microscopy data of RNA polymerase II clusters during -LIF differentiation of cultured mouse embryonic stem cells
<p>Main repository containing the analysis scripts and results: 10.5281/zenodo.8013242</p>
Figure 1 in The study of exposure times and dose-escalation of tick saliva on mouse embryonic stem cell proliferation
Figure 1. Effect of H. marginatum SGE (0-160 µg/ml) on mouse embryonic stem cell proliferation and viability. Values represent relative fold change of cell viability normalized to untreated negative control. The Geisser –Greenhouse correction and Dunnett´s test on multiple comparison were used. The results are mean ± standard deviation (SD) from a representative experiment carried out in triplicate and were seeded in equal amount in 3 different 96 -well cultured plates.
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal microRNA regulates microglial polarization
<p>Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal microRNA regulates microglial polarization</p>
Fig. 1 in Iridoids and bis-iridoids from Valeriana jatamansi and their cytotoxicity against human glioma stem cells
Fig. 1. Chemical structures of compounds 1–10 from Valeriana jatamansi.
Fig. 3. Key ROESY correlations for compounds 6 and 9 in Iridoids and bis-iridoids from Valeriana jatamansi and their cytotoxicity against human glioma stem cells
Fig. 3. Key ROESY correlations for compounds 6 and 9.
Data from: Comparison of osteoclast differentiation protocols from human induced pluripotent stem cells of different tissue origins
<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-converted-space"><span><strong>Background</strong>: </span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span>Ever since their discovery, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been extensively differentiated into a large variety of cell types. However, a limited amount of work has been dedicated to differentiating iPSCs into osteoclasts. </span></span><span>While several differentiation protocols have been published, it remains unclear which protocols or differentiation methods are preferable regarding the differentiation of osteoclasts.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><strong>Methods</strong>: </span><span>In this study, we compare the osteoclastogenesis capacity of a peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-derived iPSC line to a fibroblast-derived iPSC line in conjunction with either embryoid body-based or monolayer-based differentiation strategies. Both cell lines and differentiation protocols were investigated regarding their ability to generate osteoclasts and their inherent robustness and ease of use. The ability of both cell lines to remain undifferentiated while propagating using a feeder-free system was assessed using alkaline phosphatase staining. This was followed by evaluating mesodermal differentiation and the characterization of hematopoietic progenitor cells using flow cytometry. Finally, osteoclast yield and functionality based on resorptive activity, Cathepsin K, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) expression were assessed. Results were validated using qRT-PCR throughout the differentiation stages.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><strong>Results</strong>: </span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span>Embryoid-body-based differentiation yielded CD45<sup>+</sup>, CD14<sup>+</sup>, and CD11b<sup>+</sup> subpopulations, which in turn differentiated into osteoclasts which demonstrated TRAP positivity, Cathepsin K expression, and mineral resorptive capabilities. This was regardless of which iPSC line was used. Monolayer-based differentiation yielded lower quantities of hematopoietic cells that were mostly CD34<sup>+</sup> and did not subsequently differentiate into osteoclasts.</span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-converted-space"><span><strong>Conclusions</strong>: </span></span><span>The outcome of this study demonstrates the successful differentiation of osteoclasts from iPSCs in conjunction with the embryoid-based differentiation method, while the monolayer-based method did not yield osteoclasts. No differences were observed regarding osteoclast differentiation between the PBMC and fibroblast-derived iPSC lines.</span></p>
Ibrutinib Before and After Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02443077. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 0.
Aprepitant, Granisetron, & Dexamethasone in Preventing Nausea & Vomiting in Pts. Receiving Cyclophosphamide Before a Stem Cell Transplant
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00293384. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Cyclophosphamide for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization in Patients With a Hematologic Malignancy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02139280. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Nivolumab Maintenance Therapy After Autologous Stem Cell Transplant in Hodgkin Lymphoma Pts at Relapse/Progression Risk
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03436862. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.