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Fig. 2 in Evolutionary and developmental aspects of phalangeal formula variation in pig-nose and soft-shelled turtles (Carettochelyidae and Trionychidae)
Fig. 2 Radiograph of Carettochelys insculpta (MTD 31365) showing the typical phalangeal formula 2-3-3-3-3 for manus and pes of all 20 specimens studied. In this young turtle (straight shell length = 69 mm) the typical elongation of phalanges is already visible (in particular in digits III and IV)
FIGURE 1. Habeastrum spp. shells. A–J. Habeastrum parafusum, n in The new genus Habeastrum, with two new species (Gastropoda, Diplommatinidae) in Mato Grosso do Sul caves, Brazil
FIGURE 1. Habeastrum spp. shells. A–J. Habeastrum parafusum, n. sp. A. Holotype MZSP 134301, L 1.4 mm. B–J. Paratypes MZSP 135584, L 1.7 mm. C. L 1.6 mm. D. L 1.6 mm. E. L 1.4 mm. F. SEM, L 1.1 mm. G. L. 1.2 mm. H. same specimen, showing protoconch and first teleoconch whorls, SEM, scale = 0.1 mm. I. same specimen of F, scale = 0.1 mm. J. Young specimen, L 0.6 mm. K–R. H. omphalium n. sp. K–N. Holotype MZSP 135583, W 1.1 mm, L 1.6 mm. O–R. Paratypes MZSP 134324. O. L 1.0 mm. P. SEM, L 1.0 mm. Q–R. Scale = 0.1 mm.
Fig. 6 in Shell bone histology of solemydid turtles (stem Testudines): palaeoecological implications
Fig. 6 Thin-sections of Plastremys lata. Images in a and d are in normal transmitted, b and c in cross-polarised light. a Costal fragment (NHMUK R 2251). b Close-up of the central part of the section. Note well preserved interior bone tissue. c Close-up of the external cortex showing a clear front of bone tissue alteration (upper part of image). d Close-up of the internal cortex, consisting of parallel-fibred bone. Abbreviations: CB cancellous bone; ECO external cortex; ICO internal cortex; ISF interwoven structural fibres; LB lamellar bone; PFB parallel-fibred bone; trFB transversally sectioned fibre bundles
Fig. 3 in Shell bone histology of solemydid turtles (stem Testudines): palaeoecological implications
Fig. 3 Thin-sections of solemydid specimens shown in normal transmitted (left) and cross-polarized light (right). a Solemys vermiculata, costal fragment (MCNA-15047). b Solemys sp., costal fragment (UPUAM-14001). c Solemys sp., costal fragment (UPUAM- 14001), close-up of external cortex. Abbreviations: CB cancellous bone; ECO external cortex; ICO internal cortex; ISF interwoven structural fibres; PFB parallel-fibred bone
Fig. 4 in Shell bone histology of solemydid turtles (stem Testudines): palaeoecological implications
Fig. 4 Thin-sections of Solemydidae aff. Helochelydra sp. a External cortex and interior cancellous bone of costal (MNCN 59503) in normal transmitted light. b Cancellous bone and external cortex of peripheral (MNCN 59503). c Internal cortex of plastral fragment (hyo- or hypoplastron, MNCN 59503) in normal transmitted (left) and crosspolarized light (right). Note that image c is facing upside-down due to technical constraints. Abbreviations: CB cancellous bone; ECO external cortex; ICO internal cortex; ISF interwoven structural fibres; PFB parallel-fibred bone
Fig. 5 in Systematics and phylogenetic species delimitation within Polinices s.l. (Caenogastropoda: Naticidae) based on molecular data and shell morphology
Fig. 5 Pictures of type specimens and protoconchs of a Nerita mammilla Linnaeus, 1758 [ZMUU#386] b Mamma albula Chemnitz, 1758 [nonbinomial, ZMUC] and c Natica pyriformis Recluz, 1844 [BMNH#1991089.1]. For further information see Table 1. Bars 0.5 cm
Fig. 3 in Systematics and phylogenetic species delimitation within Polinices s.l. (Caenogastropoda: Naticidae) based on molecular data and shell morphology
Fig. 3 Phylogram obtained through Bayesian inference based on the COI gene fragment. Posterior probabilities are indicated at the nodes. Branches supported by values>0.95 are indicated in bold. Polytomies are due to the cut-off value specified for the consensus tree (50 % used as the default value in MrBayes)
Fig. 2 in Systematics and phylogenetic species delimitation within Polinices s.l. (Caenogastropoda: Naticidae) based on molecular data and shell morphology
Fig. 2 Phylogram obtained through Bayesian inference based on the concatenated data set (COI, 16S, 18S, 28S, H3) for a reduced number of taxa. Posterior probabilities are indicated at the nodes. Branches supported by values>0.95 are indicated in bold. Polytomies are due to the cut-off value specified for the consensus tree (50 % used as the default value in MrBayes)
Fig. 6 in Systematics and phylogenetic species delimitation within Polinices s.l. (Caenogastropoda: Naticidae) based on molecular data and shell morphology
Fig. 6 Analysed type specimens or figured type specimens of taxa that could potentially represent Polinices sp. 2, Polinices sp. 3 or Polinices sp. 4. a Natica controversa Pritchard & Gatliff, 1913 [MV#F7695]. b Natica dubia Récluz, 1844 [BMNH#1991085] (0 P. constanti Huelsken and Hollmann, herein; replacement name). c Natica deiodosa Reeve, 1855 [BMNH#1991069]. d Uber mellosum Hedley, 1924 [AMS#C20058]. e Natica phytelephas Reeve 1855 [BMNH#1991096]. f Polinices putealis Garrard, 1961 [AMS#C63344]. g Natica jukesii Reeve, 1855 [BMNH#1991067]. (h) Polinices tawhitirahia Powell, 1965 [Auckland Museum #71242]. i Natica vavaosi Reeve, 1855 [figured type]. j Natica galactites Philippi, 1851 [figured type]. k Natica cygnea Philippi, 1850 [figured type]. l Natica virginea Philippi, 1850 [figured type]. For further information see Table 1. Bars 0.5 cm
FIGURE 1 in Genetic and shell-shape analyses of Orlitia borneensis (Testudines: Geoemydidae) reveal limited divergence among founders of the European zoo population
FIGURE 1. Ventral and dorsal view of a shell of Orlitia borneensis showing the landmarks used in this study.
Figure 5 in Tracking parallel adaptation of shell morphology through geological times in the land snail genus Pupilla (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Pupillidae)
Figure 5. Thin-plate splines illustrating (theoretical) transitions in shape, frontal view. A, fossil P. loessica → extant P. loessica. B, fossil P. pratensis (including P. m. densegyrata) → extant P. pratensis. C, fossil P. pratensis (including P. m. densegyrata) → extant P. alpicola. D, extant P. pratensis → P. alpicola. E, extant P. loessica→ P. alpicola. F, fossil P. muscorum → extant P. muscorum.
Figure 3 in Tracking parallel adaptation of shell morphology through geological times in the land snail genus Pupilla (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Pupillidae)
Figure 3. Landmarks for frontal (left) and lateral (right) aspects in geometric morphometric analyses.
Figure 2. Localities. A in Tracking parallel adaptation of shell morphology through geological times in the land snail genus Pupilla (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Pupillidae)
Figure 2. Localities. A, Eurasia with insets of detailed maps. B, European samples. C, Asian samples. Due to the large scale, single symbols may stand for several adjacent localities. In (B), 1 indicates the type locality of P. loessica (Předmostí at Přerov, Czech Republic), and 2 the type locality of Pupa muscorum var. pratensis (Dinkelscherben near Augsburg, Germany).
Figure 4 in A dark shell hiding great variability: a molecular insight into the evolution and conservation of melanic Daphnia populations in the Alps
Figure 4. Unrooted haplotype networks of European Daphnia pulicaria haplotypes showing disconnections at the 97% parsimony threshold. Different patterns identify the main haplogroups considered in this study (see Fig. 1 for geographical distributions of haplogroups). Circles indicate distinct haplotypes (size proportional to the number of specimens sharing the same haplotype). Bold outlines indicate haplotypes found in our melanic alpine populations. The minimum number of mutational steps required to connect all haplotypes in a single network is also given (dashed double-arrowed lines). Alpine haplotypes are coded as in Fig. 3. Black dots indicate missing (unsampled/extinct) haplotypes.
Figure 7 in Geometric morphometric analysis of shell shape variation in Conus (Gastropoda: Conidae)
Figure 7. Plot of the results of the canonical variate analysis of scores on principal components 1–4 from landmark analysis.
FIGURE 5. Metriaclima gallireyae. Holotype, PSU 13370 in Descriptions of two new shell-dwelling species of Metriaclima (Cichlidae) from Lake Malaŵi, Africa
FIGURE 5. Metriaclima gallireyae. Holotype, PSU 13370, adult male, 54.4 mm SL, Gallireya Reef, Lake Malaŵi.
FIGURE 6 in Descriptions of two new shell-dwelling species of Metriaclima (Cichlidae) from Lake Malaŵi, Africa
FIGURE 6. CT scan of the cranium of Metriaclima gallireyae. Holotype, PSU 13370, adult male, 54.4 mm SL, Gallireya Reef, Lake Malaŵi; angle of ethmovomerine block is 49.6° with parasphenoid.
Figure 23 in Homoplasy in shells discombobulated the taxonomy: revision of the larger helicarionid land snails of northern Queensland, Australia (Stylommatophora: Helicarionidae)
Figure 23. Genitalia of Elatonitor montanus. a) QM MO38930, Bellenden Ker Range. Reproductive system. b) QM MO78930, Bellenden Ker Range. Penis interior. c) QM MO11240, Bellenden Ker summit. Penis interior. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Figure 14 in Homoplasy in shells discombobulated the taxonomy: revision of the larger helicarionid land snails of northern Queensland, Australia (Stylommatophora: Helicarionidae)
Figure 14. Shells of Pravonitor. a) Pravonitor insularum, AM C.170795 (paratype). b) Pravonitor annulus AM C.425415, Gabba Is. c) Pravonitor aquilonia, QM MO48285 (holotype). d) Pravonitor ferrugineus, QM MO12752 (holotype). e). Pravonitor kreffti, AM C.1352, Thursday Is. f) Pravonitor kreffti, AM C.425474, Simpson's Bay, Utingu. g) Pravonitor monteithi, QM MO48587 (holotype). h) Pravonitor septentrionalis, AM C.425422. i) Pravonitor stuarti, QM MO80213 (paratype). Scale bar: 5 mm.
Figure 20 in Homoplasy in shells discombobulated the taxonomy: revision of the larger helicarionid land snails of northern Queensland, Australia (Stylommatophora: Helicarionidae)
Figure 20. Genitalia of Pravonitor septentrionalis. a-c) QM MO86001 (holotype), Lockerbie. a) Reproductive system. b) Penis interior. c) Penial complex. d) QM MO15621 (paratype), Bamaga. Spermatophore. Scale bars: 1 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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