Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
4,359
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
4,359 results for “Insulin”
Data from: Establishment of a refined oral glucose tolerance test in pigs, and assessment of insulin, glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 responses
Diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide and reliable animal models are important for progression of the research field. The pig is a commonly used large animal model in diabetes research and the present study aimed to refine a model for oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in young growing pigs, as well as describing intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) in the same age group. The refined porcine OGTT will reflect that used in children and adolescents. Eighteen pigs were obtained one week after weaning and trained for two weeks to bottle-feed glucose solution, mimicking the human OGTT. The pigs subsequently underwent OGTT (1.75 g/kg BW) and IVGTT (0.5 g/kg BW). Blood samples were collected from indwelling vein catheters for measurements of glucose and the diabetes related hormones insulin, glucagon and active glucagon-like peptide-1. The study confirmed that pigs can be trained to bottle-feed glucose dissolved in water and thereby undergo an OGTT more similar to the human standard OGTT than previously described methods in pigs. With the refined method for OGTT, oral intake only consists of glucose and water, which is an advantage over previously described methods in pigs where glucose is given together with feed which will affect glucose absorption. Patterns of hormonal secretion in response to oral and intravenous glucose were similar to those in humans; however, the pigs were more glucose tolerant with lower insulin levels than humans. In translational medicine, this refined OGTT and IVGTT methods provide important tools in diabetes research when pigs are used as models for children and adolescents in diabetes research.
Data from: Hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance-induced fetal loss: evidence for placental mitochondrial abnormalities and elevated ROS production in pregnant rats that mimic the clinical features of PCOS
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) commonly suffer from miscarriage, but the underlying mechanism of PCOS‐induced fetal loss during pregnancy remains obscure and specific therapies are lacking. We used pregnant rats treated with 5α‐dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and insulin to investigate the impact of hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance on fetal survival and to determine the molecular link between PCOS conditions and placental dysfunction during pregnancy. Our study shows that pregnant rats chronically treated with a combination of DHT and insulin exhibited endocrine aberrations such as hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance that are strikingly similar to those in pregnant PCOS patients. Of pathophysiological significance, DHT+insulin‐treated pregnant rats had greater fetal loss and subsequently decreased litter sizes compared to normal pregnant rats. This negative effect was accompanied by impaired trophoblast differentiation, increased glycogen accumulation, and decreased angiogenesis in the placenta. Mechanistically, we report that over‐production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the placenta, mitochondrial dysfunction, and disturbed SOD1 and Keap1/Nrf2 antioxidant responses constitute important contributors to fetal loss in DHT+insulin‐treated pregnant rats. Many of the molecular pathways leading to placental abnormalities and fetal loss in DHT+insulin treatment were also seen in pregnant rats treated with DHT alone, whereas pregnant rats treated with insulin alone often exerted distinct effects on placental gene expression compared to insulin treatment in combination with DHT. We also found that treatment with the antioxidant N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) improved fetal survival in DHT+insulin‐treated pregnant rats, an effect related to changes in Keap1/Nrf2 and NFκB signaling. However, NAC administration resulted in fetal loss in normal pregnant rats, most likely due to PCOS‐like endocrine abnormality induced by the treatment. Our results suggest that the deleterious effects of hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance on fetal survival are related to a constellation of mitochondrial‐ROS‐SOD1/Nrf2 changes in the placenta. Our findings also suggest that physiological levels of ROS are required for normal placental formation and fetal survival during pregnancy.
Fig. 1 in Insulin-mimetic activity of 23-glycosyl oleanane triterpenoids isolated from Gymnema latifolium
Fig. 1. Chemical structures of isolated compound 1⎯9 from Gymnema latifolium.
Fig. 3 in Insulin-mimetic activity of 23-glycosyl oleanane triterpenoids isolated from Gymnema latifolium
Fig. 3. NOESY (dotted lines) correlations of compound 1 and 7.
The Effect of Blood-Flow Restriction Walk Training on Insulin Sensitivity and Aerobic Capacity among Type 2 Diabetes: the raw data and IRB
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Detection of insulin in insulin-deficient islets of patients with type 1 diabetes_original microscopy images
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Food restriction delays breeding and affects insulin-like growth factor-1, oxidative damage, and haematocrit value before egg-laying in female canaries
<p>Environmental challenges, such as fluctuations in food availability, could influence reproductive investment. If resource availability is poor, individuals need to decide in which life-history process they invest more energy and vital compounds, which determine the cost of reproduction. In resource allocation, the physiological pathways have important roles. The aim of our study was to examine whether food availability influenced physiological traits (insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentration, antioxidant capacity (OXY), level of oxidative damage (ROM) and haematocrit value) prior to egg-laying in female canaries (<i>Serinus canaria</i>). We also tested whether these physiological traits were associated with traits reflecting the reproductive investment in egg macro- (egg mass and yolk mass) and micronutrient content (eggshell biliverdin- and protoporphyrin-based colouration). To test these questions we conducted a food restriction experiment with control and food-restricted (72% of control food) groups. Our study showed that food-restricted canary females delayed egg-laying and the physiological traits differed between the groups. At the pre-laying period, after 9-11 days of treatment, a reduction in plasma IGF-1 concentration, ROM level, and haematocrit value was detected in the control group, whereas in the food-restricted group plasma IGF-1 concentration increased, while ROM level and haematocrit value did not change. Plasma level of OXY was not influenced by treatment or breeding period. Plasma concentration of IGF-1, haematocrit value and oxidative status before egg laying did not affect the egg characteristics. Our study highlights the importance of breeding stage when studying and interpreting the effects of food restriction on physiological traits of breeding birds. Moreover, our data suggest that nutritional limitation had an effect on the timing of egg-laying that could be mediated by changes in physiological variables.</p>
Exosomal proteome at birth predicts insulin resistance and liver fat in childhood
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Fusion pore regulation by cAMP/Epac2 controls cargo release during insulin exocytosis
Regulated exocytosis establishes a narrow fusion pore as initial aqueous connection to the extracellular space, through which small transmitter molecules such as ATP can exit. Co-release of polypeptides and hormones like insulin requires further expansion of the pore. There is evidence that pore expansion is regulated and can fail in diabetes and neurodegenerative disease. Here we report that the cAMP-sensor Epac2 (Rap-GEF4) controls fusion pore behavior by acutely recruiting two pore-restricting proteins, amisyn and dynamin-1, to the exocytosis site in insulin-secreting beta-cells. cAMP elevation restricts and slows fusion pore expansion and peptide release, but not when Epac2 is inactivated pharmacologically or in Epac2-/- (Rapgef4-/-) mice. Consistently, overexpression of Epac2 impedes pore expansion. Widely used antidiabetic drugs (GLP-1 receptor agonists and sulfonylureas) activate this pathway and thereby paradoxically restrict hormone release. We conclude that Epac2/cAMP controls fusion pore expansion and thus the balance of hormone and transmitter release during insulin granule exocytosis.
Novel laboratory index, based on fasting blood parameters, accurately reflects insulin sensitivity
<p>Simple and reliable measurement of insulin sensitivity may be important for the prevention of insulin-resistance related diseases. Surrogate indices of insulin sensitivity are of limited utility in population without signs of metabolic syndrome. The aim of our study was to provide simple and accurate index of insulin sensitivity. The study group comprised 150 young healthy participants. Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp was performed. Regression models with different laboratory parameters were constructed. Validation cohort 1 comprised independent group of 110 subjects, including individuals with prediabetes and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Validation cohort 2 comprised 38 obese subjects before and after diet-induced weight loss. Validation cohort 3 comprised 60 nondiabetic subjects from an independent center. The supervised principal component model established optimal set of variables correlated with insulin sensitivity. This model (Fasting Laboratory Assessment of Insulin Sensitivity, FLAIS) used red blood cell count, alanine aminotransferase activity, serum C-peptide, SHBG, IGF-binding protein 1 and adiponectin concentrations. FLAIS exhibited strong correlation with clamp-derived insulin sensitivity. The sensitivity of the model was 90% and the specificity was 68%. In the validation cohort 1, differences in FLAIS among the groups paralleled those observed with the clamp, with the lowest values in prediabetes and diabetes. In the validation cohort 2, FLAIS reflected the change in insulin sensitivity after weight loss. The main findings were confirmed in the validation cohort 3. We provide simple and accurate method of assessing insulin sensitivity, which allows to identify insulin resistance even in the population without overt metabolic disturbances.</p>
Figure 1 from: Almulathanon AAY, Mohammad JA, Allwash TA (2021) Evaluation the effects of insulin on oxidant/antioxidant status in type 1 diabetic patients. Pharmacia 68(3): 699-704. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.68.e70495
Figure 1 Effects of insulin on serum levels of A)MDA, B)CAT, C)GSH, vitamins C and E. The data are viewed as mean ± SD. (***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001) denotes statistically significant differences versus the control group; (##p < 0.01; ###p < 0.001) denotes statistically significant differences between insulin-treated and newly diagnosed patients, using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by a Dunn's multiple comparison test.
Syndecan-4 proteoglycan modulates glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity in myoblasts
<p>Skeletal muscle glucose uptake is required for cellular metabolism and normalization of postprandial blood glucose levels. Transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-4 (SDC4) is important for muscle regeneration, cell interaction and structure, and it affects whole body metabolism, although the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that SDC4 knock down increases glucose uptake by mammalian myoblasts (i.e., activated satellite cells). Silencing SDC4 increased the phosphorylation AS160 (Akt substrate of 160 kDa or TBC1D4), an important element of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) translocation, and GLUT4 levels. These changes increased 2–deoxy-2–(<sup>18</sup>F)fluoro-D-glucose uptake by C2C12 myoblasts independent of insulin treatment. Mitochondrial routine respiration, electron transport system, reserve capacity, and oxidative phosphorylation were also increased following SDC4 silencing. SDC4 knockdown cells exhibited a higher GLUT4 density along the plasma membrane compared with behind it. Super-resolution direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM) imaging revealed an increased number of skeletons of the actin network following insulin treatment, but not in SDC4-silenced cells. Notably, knocking down SDC4 increased the insulin sensitivity of the cells. Our results suggest that this new mechanism can increase glucose uptake through insulin-independent signal transduction.</p> <p>Proteomics data.</p>
Methylation haplotypes of the insulin gene promoter in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: could a dimensionality reduction approach predict the disease?
<p>The aim of the present study was to identify insulin gene promoter (IGP) methyl-haplotypes among children and adolescents with T1D and suggest a predictive model for the discrimination of cases and controls according to methyl-haplotypes. Fourty individuals (20 T1D) participated. IGP-region from peripheral whole blood DNA of 40 participants (20 T1D) was sequenced by next generation sequencing, sequences were read using FASTQ files, and methylation status was calculated by python-based pipeline for targeted deep bisulfite sequenced amplicons (ampliMethProfiler). Methylation profile at 10 CpG sites proximal to transcription start site of the IGP was recorded and coded as 0 for unmethylation or 1 for methylation. A single read could result in “1111111111” methyl-haplotype (all methylated), “000000000” methyl-haplotype (all unmethylated) or any other combination.</p>
Fig. 3 in Germacranolide- and guaianolide-type sesquiterpenoids from Achillea alpina L. reduce insulin resistance in palmitic acid-treated HepG2 cells via inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway
Fig. 3. Experimental and calculated ECD spectra of 1–8.
Fig. 2. 1H–1H in Germacranolide- and guaianolide-type sesquiterpenoids from Achillea alpina L. reduce insulin resistance in palmitic acid-treated HepG2 cells via inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway
Fig. 2. 1H–1H COSY, key HMBC and ROESY correlations of compounds 1 and 6–8.
Fig. 1 in Germacranolide- and guaianolide-type sesquiterpenoids from Achillea alpina L. reduce insulin resistance in palmitic acid-treated HepG2 cells via inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway
Fig. 1. Structures of compounds 1–20 isolated from A. alpina.
Fig. 4 in Spiroganodermaines A G from Ganoderma species and their activities against insulin resistance and renal fibrosis
Fig. 4. Plots of X-ray crystallographic data of 1, 2, (+)-4 and (+)-6.
Four sweep cubic insulin data set recorded using dose mode (1MGy / scan) on Diamond Light Source beamline i04
<p>Four sweep cubic insulin data set recorded on Diamond Light Source beamline i04 as part of routine testing. Data were collected with four full 360° scans / 0.1° / image to give a total of 1MGy / scan i.e. "carefully" to avoid problems of obvious radiation damage. The beam size was adjusted to be about the same as the crystal, spreading the dose uniformly across the sample. </p> <p> </p> <p>Processing using my "<a href="https://github.com/graeme-winter/dials_tutorials/blob/main/se-thaumatin/tldr.md">standard DIALS script</a>" gives nice data to 1.2Å:</p> <pre><code> Overall Low High High resolution limit 1.20 3.26 1.20 Low resolution limit 55.07 55.13 1.22 Completeness 100.0 100.0 100.0 Multiplicity 150.2 155.4 76.0 I/sigma 40.8 295.5 0.4 Rmerge(I) 0.075 0.027 7.170 Rmerge(I+/-) 0.075 0.026 7.127 Rmeas(I) 0.076 0.027 7.218 Rmeas(I+/-) 0.075 0.027 7.220 Rpim(I) 0.006 0.002 0.815 Rpim(I+/-) 0.008 0.003 1.140 CC half 1.000 1.000 0.335 Anomalous completeness 100.0 100.0 100.0 Anomalous multiplicity 77.7 84.8 38.9 Anomalous correlation 0.499 0.680 -0.005 Anomalous slope 0.626 dF/F 0.031 dI/s(dI) 0.761 Total observations 3709553 203869 91461 Total unique 24699 1312 1204</code></pre> <p>Data shared to allow use in tutorials etc. as well as a reference for future data handling questions.</p> <p> </p>
Skeletal Muscle Diacylglycerol and Sphingolipids - Impact of Localization and Species on Insulin Resistance in Humans
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03077360. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Ectopic Lipid Deposition and Insulin Resistance in After Treatment of Acromegaly
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01819883. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.