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18,621 results for “development;”
Data from: Residential development alters behavior, movement, and energetics in an apex predator, the puma
Human development strongly influences large carnivore survival and persistence globally. Behavior changes are often the first measureable responses to human disturbances, and can have ramifications on animal populations and ecological communities. We investigated how a large carnivore responds to anthropogenic disturbances by measuring activity, movement behavior, and energetics in pumas along a housing density gradient. We used log-linear analyses to examine how habitat, time of day, and proximity to housing influenced the activity patterns of both male and female pumas in the Santa Cruz Mountains. We used spatial GPS location data in combination with Overall Dynamic Body Acceleration measurements recorded by onboard accelerometers to quantify how development density affected the average distances traveled and energy expended by pumas. Pumas responded to development differently depending on the time of day; at night, they were generally more active and moved further when they were in developed areas, but these relationships were not consistent during the day. Higher nighttime activity in developed areas increased daily caloric expenditure by 10.1% for females and 11.6% for males, resulting in increases of 3.4 and 4.0 deer prey required annually by females and males respectively. Our results support that pumas have higher energetic costs and resource requirements in human-dominated habitats due to human-induced behavioral change. Increased energetic costs for pumas are likely to have ramifications on prey species and exacerbate human-wildlife conflict, especially as exurban growth continues. Future conservation work should consider the consequences of behavioral shifts on animal energetics, individual fitness, and population viability.
Sibling rivalry: Males with more brothers develop larger testes
<p>When females mate with multiple partners in a reproductive cycle, the relative number of competing sperm from rival males is often the most critical factor in determining paternity. Gamete production is directly related to testis size in most species, and is associated with both mating behavior and perceived risk of competition. Deer mice, <i>Peromyscus maniculatus</i>, are naturally promiscuous and males invest significantly more in sperm production than males of <i>P. polionotus</i>, their monogamous sister‐species. Here, we show that the larger testes in <i>P. maniculatus</i> are retained after decades of enforced monogamy in captivity. While these results suggest that differences in sperm production between species with divergent evolutionary histories can be maintained in captivity, we also show that the early rearing environment of males can strongly influence their testis size as adults. Using a second‐generation hybrid population to increase variation within the population, we show that males reared in litters with more brothers develop larger testes as adults. Importantly, this difference in testis size is also associated with increased fertility. Together, our findings suggest that sperm production may be both broadly shaped by natural selection over evolutionary timescales and also finely tuned during early development.</p>
Figure 1 in On the development of a trait-based approach for studying Neotropical bats
Figure 1. Schematic model of biological traits of Neotropical bats. Life history traits in black boxes whereas morphological traits are depicted in white boxes.
Figure 2 in On the development of a trait-based approach for studying Neotropical bats
Figure 2. Study cases using trait-based approach in Neotropical bats. Life history traits in black boxes whereas morphological traits are depicted in white boxes.
Data from: Changes in gene expression during female reproductive development in a colour polymorphic insect
<p>Pleiotropy (multiple phenotypic effects of single genes) and epistasis (gene interaction) have key roles in the development of complex phenotypes, especially in polymorphic taxa. The development of discrete and heritable phenotypic polymorphisms often emerges from major-effect genes that interact with other loci and have pleiotropic effects on multiple traits. We quantified gene expression changes during ontogenetic colour development in a polymorphic insect (damselfly: <i>Ischnura elegans</i>), with three heritable female morphs, one being a male mimic. This female colour polymorphism is maintained by male mating harassment and sexual conflict. Using transcriptome sequencing and <i>de novo</i> assembly, we demonstrate that all three morphs downregulate gene expression during early colour development. The morphs become increasingly differentiated during sexual maturation and when developing adult colouration. These different ontogenetic trajectories arise because the male-mimic shows accelerated (heterochronic) development, compared to the other female morphs. Many loci with regulatory functions in reproductive development are differentially regulated in the male-mimic, including upstream and downstream regulators of ecdysone signalling and transcription factors potentially influencing sexual differentiation. Our results suggest that long-term sexual conflict does not only maintain this polymorphism, but has also modulated the evolution of gene expression profiles during colour development of these sympatric female morphs.</p>
Survey of Local Organisations and Economic Development in the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland (2007).
This survey, undertaken in 2007, covers 1,200 local organisations in the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland. Data cover two regions per country - one above and one below the average level of countrywide economic development (GDP, unemployment rate, rate of agriculture in GDP). 400 organisations per country (200 per region) are surveyed. Organisations include firms, NGOs, municipalities and universities.
Supplementary video content for "Three-dimensional visualization of ensemble weather forecasts", Parts 1 and 2 (Geoscientific Model Development, 2015)
<p>Supplementary video content (full resolution) for the papers "Three-dimensional visualization of ensemble weather forecasts - Part 1: The visualization tool Met.3D (version 1.0)" and "Three-dimensional visualization of ensemble weather forecasts - Part 2: Forecasting warm conveyor belt situations for aircraft-based field campaigns", Geoscientific Model Development, 2015. The corresponding papers can be found on http://geosci-model-dev.net/.</p>
Multielectrode array recordings of spontaneous activity in developing neuronal cultures
<p>These data are to accompany the following paper:</p> <p>Charlesworth P, Morton A, Eglen SJ, Komiyama NH, Grant SGN (2015) Canalization of genetic and pharmacological perturbations in developing primary neuronal activity patterns. Neuropharmacology</p> <p>Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.07.027.</p> <p> </p> <p>For further details about the data, please see h<span>ttp://damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/sje30/papers/charlesworth2015_data.pdf</span></p>
Wyoming Oil and Gas Development Spatial Datasets
<p>This file contains a file geodatabase with spatial datasets that accompany the scientific paper titled: "Recent Greater Sage Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus)<br /> Population Dynamics in Wyoming Are Primarily Driven by<br /> Climate, not Oil and Gas Development" (Ramey, Thorley, Ivey 2015).</p>
Open Data Intermediaries in Developing Countries Dataset
<p>These three datasets support the findings of the paper "Open Data Intermediaries in Developing Countries" published in the <em>Journal of Community Informatics</em>. The paper explores the concept of open data intermediaries using the theoretical framework of Bourdieu’s social model, particularly his species of capital. Secondary data on intermediaries from Emerging Impacts of Open Data in Developing Countries research was analysed according to a working definition of an open data intermediary presented in this paper, and with a focus on how intermediaries are able to link agents in an open data supply chain, including to grassroots communities. The study found that open data supply chains may comprise multiple intermediaries and that multiple forms of capital may be required to connect the supply and use of open data. The effectiveness of intermediaries can be attributed to their proximity to data suppliers or users, and proximity can be expressed as a function of the type of capital that an intermediary possesses. However, because no single intermediary necessarily has all the capital available to link effectively to all sources of power in a field, multiple intermediaries with complementary configurations of capital are more likely to connect between power nexuses. This study concludes that consideration needs to be given to the presence of multiple intermediaries in an open data ecosystem, each of whom may possess different forms of capital to enable the use of open data.</p> <p><strong>Data:</strong></p> <ol> <li>Data for 27 Asian cases extracted from the 17 Emerging Impacts of Open Data in Developing Countries case study reports.</li> <li>Data for 4 African cases extracted from the 17 Emerging Impacts of Open Data in Developing Countries case study reports.</li> <li>Tabulated data of findings for types of capital, organisational type and primary source of revenue for each of the 32 open data intermediaries included in the study. </li> </ol>
Development of a genus-specific antigen capture ELISA for orthopoxviruses. Target selection and optimized screening
<p><strong>Raw data for quantification of anti surface protein antibody binding to vaccinia virus.</strong></p> <p>Method description</p> <p>Immuno-negative staining and electron microscopy were performed as described elsewhere (Laue, 2010). Briefly, purified VACV<sub>NYCBOH</sub> particles were inactivated by incubation in freshly prepared 2% PFA in 0.05 M HEPES (pH 7.2), sonicated and immobilized on sample supports for transmission electron microscopy. Biotinylated pAbs were titrated on BSA coated grids, until detection with 5 nm gold nanoparticle coupled streptavidin (British Biocell, Cardiff, United Kingdom) resulted in the same mean background labelling density of ~10 particles per view field at a, 87,000-fold magnification (anti-A27: 0.7 µg/mL; anti-D8: 2 µg/mL; anti-H3: 0.9 µg/mL; anti-L1: 1.9 µg/mL). Negative staining was performed with either 0.1 or 0.5% uranyl acetate solution. For quantification, only IMV particles of the mulberry form, which were found isolated from other particles, were analyzed. Randomized sampling was done in 22 evenly distributed mesh areas with five viral particles analyzed per area. Imaging was done with a Tecnai 12 BioTwin (FEI Corp.) at 120 kV and a 1k digital CCD camera (Megaview III, Olympus Soft Imaging Solutions).</p>
Development Trust Association Scotland, 2016
<p>This data set was produced by Jeremy Kidwell as a part of a research project “Finding Common Ground” that was jointly funded by the AHRC/ESRC (Grant Ref: AH/P005063/1) and based jointly at the University of Edinburgh and the University of Birmingham. The data is available for academic use under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) license. For full details, see: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode. The set was produced in collaboration with several members of DTAS staff including Ian Cooke, Catherine Dougan and Katrina McKinlay and is based on all projects registered with the Development Trust Association Scotland as of 27 October 2016. Full details of data collection methods and descriptions of fields included can be found in dtas_3.2-readme.txt. The data set is provided in three different formats, each of which contain locations as WGS84 coordinates: CSV, geoJSON and ESRI shapefile.</p>
Development of predictive models of the kinetics of a hydrogen abstraction reaction combining quantum-mechanical calculations and experimental data
<p>The files contain the electronic structure calculations for all the levels of theory tested in this work.</p>
Figure 11. - Fruits and galls produced by Epicephala species on Glochidionobovatum. A Fruit produced after pollination by Epicephalaobovatella (Tomogashima, Wakayama) B Gall induced on female flower by Epicephalacorruptrix (Takae, Okinawa) C Cross section of the gall induced by Epicephalacorruptrix. Arrow indicates the galled locule with feeding trace of Epicephala larva. Note that the irregularly developed ovules of the galled locule have merged indistinguishablly to septa. Scale bar 2 mm.
Figure 11. - Fruits and galls produced by Epicephala species on Glochidionobovatum. A Fruit produced after pollination by Epicephalaobovatella (Tomogashima, Wakayama) B Gall induced on female flower by Epicephalacorruptrix (Takae, Okinawa) C Cross section of the gall induced by Epicephalacorruptrix. Arrow indicates the galled locule with feeding trace of Epicephala larva. Note that the irregularly developed ovules of the galled locule have merged indistinguishablly to septa. Scale bar 2 mm.
USGSG16AP00094: Developing a seismic velocity model of the central valley, northern California: models SSJDOPHW95, SSJDGRANW95, SSJDFRAN95, and SSJDFRANG16
<p>Data and Figures for final technical report for:<br> USGS16AP00094: Developing a seismic velocity model the Central Valley, Northern California<br> Justin Lindeman, Donna Eberhart-Phillips, Louise H. Kellogg, and Lorraine J. Hwang<br> University of California, Davis</p> <p>Data for the final velocity model SSJD2016 may be found here:<br> <br> Eberhart-Phillips, Donna. (2017). USGSG16AP00094: Developing a seismic velocity model of the central valley, northern California: model SSJD2016 [Data set]. Zenodo. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.556605</p> <p><br> Data for the shallow velocity models can be found in this repository.</p> <p>DATA FILES</p> <p>SSJDOPHW95.out, SSJDGRANW95.out, and SSJDFRANW95.out are crustal velocity models from velocity vs depth relation (Aagaard et al., 2010) and Wentworth et al., 1995 basement surface contours.</p> <p>SSJDFRANG16.out is the crustal velocity model from velocity-vs-depth relations (Aagaard et al., 2010) and <br> Graymer (written communication) 2016 basement surface contours.</p> <p>FIGURES</p> <p>All figures in the final technical report are included here.</p> <p>Map view slices of Vp (All*VP.pdf) and cross sections (All*crosssectionscomp.pdf) are also included in this package.</p> <p>SCRIPTS<br> shallowvelocityFRAN.m, shallowvelocitytygran.m, and shallowvelocityOPH.m are the matlab scripts used to create the shallow velocity models.</p>
Background data: Hy:Con: A Strategic Tool For Balancing Hydropower Development And Conservation Needs
<p>Background data to the publication "Hy:Con: A Strategic Tool For Balancing Hydropower Development And Conservation Needs"</p>
Development of low-cost instrumentation for single point autofluorescence lifetime measurements
<p>Dataset used for analysis in the paper. ABSTRACT: Autofluorescence lifetime measurements, which can provide label-free readouts in biological tissues, contrasting e.g. different types and states of tissue matrix components and different cellular metabolites, may have significant clinical potential for diagnosis and to provide surgical guidance. However, the cost of the instrumentation typically used currently presents a barrier to wider implementation. We describe a low-cost single point time-resolved autofluorescence instrument, exploiting modulated laser diodes for excitation and FPGA-based circuitry for detection, together with a custom constant fraction discriminator. Its temporal accuracy is compared against a “gold-standard” instrument incorporating commercial TCSPC circuitry by resolving the fluorescence decays of reference fluorophores presenting single and double exponential decay profiles. To illustrate the potential to read out intrinsic contrast in tissue, we present preliminary measurements of autofluorescence lifetime measurements of biological tissues <em>ex vivo.</em> We believe that the lower cost of this instrument could enhance the potential of autofluorescence lifetime metrology for clinical deployment and commercial development.</p>
Questions Developers Ask
<p>The data here is the 78 Questions that developers want to ask, but for which support is lacking, it also includes the domain of the desired answers. These were obtained by the authors through interviews with eleven different professional developers</p>
A longitudinal study of motor and cognitive development in infants with congenital idiopathic clubfoot.
<p>Dataset of A longitudinal study of motor and cognitive development in infants with congenital idiopathic clubfoot.</p>
The development of the grasp-height effect as a measure of efficient action planning in children.
<p>Data set of Jovanovic, B. & Schwarzer, G. (2017). The development of the grasp-height effect as a measure of efficient action planning in children. <em>Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 153, </em>74-82.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.