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DeepCopy's reference genomes
<p>DeepCopy is an algorithm for determining copy number aberrations on single cell DNA sequencing data of cancer cells. Reference genomes data is one of the required inputs of DeepCopy. </p>
Figure 18 in Petrosal and inner ear anatomy and allometry amongst specimens referred to Litopterna (Placentalia)
Figure 18. Cerebellar views of virtually reconstructed petrosals (translucent) of UFRJ-DG 119-M, Proterotherium (MNHN- F-SCZ 205), Diadiaphorus (MNHN-F-SCZ 3), and Macrauchenia (MNHN-F-PAM 69) (from right to left), showing the relatively smaller size of the inner ear in larger specimens. Anterior to the left, ventral to the top.
Figure 19 in Petrosal and inner ear anatomy and allometry amongst specimens referred to Litopterna (Placentalia)
Figure 19. Allometric relationship between the inner ear height (IEH) and the petrosal (PET) size in a sample of 45 mammalian specimens (see Material and Methods and Table S2), with an equation of the regression line. Empty circles represent litoptern specimens.
Figure 16. Virtual 3D in Petrosal and inner ear anatomy and allometry amongst specimens referred to Litopterna (Placentalia)
Figure 16. Virtual 3D reconstruction and outline drawing of the petrosal of Proterotherium (MNHN-F-SCZ 205), (postero)lateroventral view. Abbreviations: a.b.X n., notch/sulcus for the auricular branch of the vagus nerve (X); acan n, notch housing the external aperture of the cochlear canaliculus; acf, external aperture of the cochlear fossula; ci, crista interfenestralis; cpa, crista parotica; fi, fossa incudis; fs, facial sulcus; fv, fenestra vestibuli; ias, internal carotid artery sulcus; ips, sulcus of inferior petrosal sinus; md.ips, crest-like mediodorsal border of sulcus for inferior petrosal sinus; pg, posterior occipital groove; pps, postpromontorial tympanic sinus; pr, promontorium; rtp, rostral tympanic process; sqs, squamosal articulation surface of petrosal; stf, stapedial fossa; stl n, stylomastoid notch; thl, tympanohyal; tt, tegmen tympani; ttf, tensor tympani fossa; v.e.m., ventral extent of mastoid surface.
Figure 15 in Petrosal and inner ear anatomy and allometry amongst specimens referred to Litopterna (Placentalia)
Figure 15. Strict consensus cladogram (528 steps, consistency index = 0.347, retention index = 0.692) of the constrained 49 taxa analysis, with UFRJ-DG 119-M, 275-M, 347-M, and 1035−1038-M petrosals as pertaining to Miguelsoria; Litopterna constrained for monophyly.
Figure 14 in Petrosal and inner ear anatomy and allometry amongst specimens referred to Litopterna (Placentalia)
Figure 14. Strict consensus cladogram (551 steps, consistency index = 0.33, retention index = 0.67) of the unconstrained 49 taxa analysis, with UFRJ-DG 119-M, 275-M, 347-M, and 1035−1038-M petrosals scored as pertaining to Miguelsoria.
Figure 13 in Petrosal and inner ear anatomy and allometry amongst specimens referred to Litopterna (Placentalia)
Figure 13. View of the large group of resembling petrosals held at the Departamento Nacional de Produçao Mineral from the 'brownish fossil fissure' (see text), with a close-up of some specimens; lateral views.
Figure 12 in Petrosal and inner ear anatomy and allometry amongst specimens referred to Litopterna (Placentalia)
Figure 12. Second upper molars (M2) area vs. promontorium area in a sample of 14 Palaeogene early diverging placental specimens with associated petrosal and teeth remains (Table S1).
Figure 11 in Petrosal and inner ear anatomy and allometry amongst specimens referred to Litopterna (Placentalia)
Figure 11. Strict consensus cladogram (62 steps, consistency index = 0.45, retention index = 0.61) of the reduced analysis (19 taxa and petrosal and inner ear characters only) searching for the relationships of the UFRJ-DG petrosals under study; Bremer support values are indicated at the nodes.
Figure 4. Virtual 3D in Petrosal and inner ear anatomy and allometry amongst specimens referred to Litopterna (Placentalia)
Figure 4. Virtual 3D reconstruction and outline drawing of petrosal UFRJ-DG 1036-M (mirrored), details of anatomy; A, ventral view; B, anterior view. Abbreviations: a.b.X n., notch/sulcus for the auricular branch of the vagus nerve (X); acf, external aperture of the cochlear fossula; ci, crista interfenestralis; cpa, crista parotica; epr, epitympanic recess; fi, fossa incudis; fs, facial sulcus; fsa, fossa subarcuata; fv, fenestra vestibuli; hf, hiatus Fallopii; iam, internal auditory meatus; ias, internal carotid artery sulcus; lv.ips, crest-like lateroventral border of sulcus for inferior petrosal sinus; obl.g, oblique groove; pff, primary facial foramen; pg, posterior occipital groove; pmc, petromastoid canal; pps, postpromontorial tympanic sinus; pr, promontorium; pts, post-temporal sulcus; rsup f, foramen for the ramus superior of stapedial artery; rtp, rostral tympanic process; stf, stapedial fossa; st. s., stapedial artery sulcus; tnn, tympanic nerve notch; tt, tegmen tympani; ttf, tensor tympani fossa; v.e.m., ventral extent of mastoid surface.
Figure 3. Virtual 3D in Petrosal and inner ear anatomy and allometry amongst specimens referred to Litopterna (Placentalia)
Figure 3. Virtual 3D reconstruction and outline drawing of petrosal UFRJ-DG 1036-M (mirrored), details of anatomy; A, posterior view; B, posteroventral view. Abbreviations: a.b.X n., notch/sulcus for the auricular branch of the vagus nerve (X); acan n, notch housing the external aperture of the cochlear canaliculus; acf, external aperture of the cochlear fossula; a.e. fv, anterior edge (salient) of fenestra vestibuli; br.thyl, broken tympanohyal; ci, crista interfenestralis; cpa, crista parotica; epr, epitympanic recess; exs, exoccipital articulation surface of petrosal; fs, facial sulcus; fv, fenestra vestibuli; hf, hiatus Fallopii; ips, sulcus of inferior petrosal sinus; lv.ips, crest-like lateroventral border of sulcus for inferior petrosal sinus; md.ips, crest-like mediodorsal border of sulcus for inferior petrosal sinus; pg, posterior occipital groove; pps, postpromontorial tympanic sinus; pr, promontorium; ptn, post-temporal notch; rsup f, foramen for the ramus superior of stapedial artery; rtp, rostral tympanic process; stf, stapedial fossa; tnn, tympanic nerve notch; tt, tegmen tympani; v.e.m., ventral extent of mastoid surface; vss, vertical sulcus for sigmoid sinus.
Figure 7. Virtual 3D in Petrosal and inner ear anatomy and allometry amongst specimens referred to Litopterna (Placentalia)
Figure 7. Virtual 3D reconstruction and outline drawing of the bony labyrinths of UFRJ-DG 1035-M and 347-M (outline drawing only); A, anterior (a) view; B, dorsal (d) view; C, lateral (l) view; D, posteromedial (p) view. Abbreviations: aa, anterior ampulla; acf, external aperture of the cochlear fossula; asc, anterior semicircular canal; av, vestibular aqueduct; can, cochlear canaliculus; cc, common crus; cf, cochlear fossula; co, cochlear canal; fsg, foramen singulare; fv, fenestra vestibuli; la, lateral ampulla; lsc, lateral semicircular canal; pl. s., primary bony lamina sulcus; psc, posterior semicircular canal; scc, secondary common crus; sl. s., secondary bony lamina sulcus; vasc. sulc., impression of vascular sulci left on the bony cochlear canal.
Figure 2 in Petrosal and inner ear anatomy and allometry amongst specimens referred to Litopterna (Placentalia)
Figure 2. Ventrolateral views of the seven UFRJ-DG petrosal specimens studied in this paper and attributed to cf. Miguelsoria parayirunhor. UFRJ-DG specimen number is indicated below each specimen. Note that specimens UFRJ-DG 347-M and 1036-M have been mirrored in this figure.
Figure 1 in Petrosal and inner ear anatomy and allometry amongst specimens referred to Litopterna (Placentalia)
Figure 1. Measurements on the petrosal and second upper molar used in this paper. A, B, measurements on the promontorium (PROM) of the petrosal (PET) and second upper molar (M2) for the regression analysis and attribution of Itaboraí specimens; A corresponds to a posterolateroventral view of the virtually reconstructed petrosal UFRJ-DG 1036-M, and B to an occlusal view of M1−3 of Protolipterna ellipsodontoides DNPM LE444A [modified (mirrored) from Cifelli, 1983b: fig. 4]; C, D, measurements taken on the petrosal for the regression analysis on the scaling effects between the petrosal and bony labyrinth; C, lateroventral view of the same petrosal as in A; D, cerebellar view of the same petrosal. Abbreviations: H, height; L, length; W, width.
Figure 10 in Petrosal and inner ear anatomy and allometry amongst specimens referred to Litopterna (Placentalia)
Figure 10. Strict consensus cladogram (518 steps, consistency index = 0.36, retention index = 0.71) of the analysis with 50 taxa searching for the relationships of the UFRJ-DG petrosals under study.
Figure 8. Virtual 3D in Petrosal and inner ear anatomy and allometry amongst specimens referred to Litopterna (Placentalia)
Figure 8. Virtual 3D reconstruction and outline drawing of the bony labyrinth of UFRJ-DG 1036-M, details of anatomy in posteromedial view. Abbreviations: aa, anterior ampulla; asc, anterior semicircular canal; av, vestibular aqueduct; can, cochlear canaliculus; cc, common crus; cf, cochlear fossula; co, cochlear canal; fsg, foramen singulare; f sup vest, foramen for the superior vestibule area; lsc, lateral semicircular canal; psc, posterior semicircular canal; scc, secondary common crus; sl. s., secondary bony lamina sulcus; vasc. sulc., impression of vascular sulci left on the bony cochlear canal.
Figure 5. Virtual 3D in Petrosal and inner ear anatomy and allometry amongst specimens referred to Litopterna (Placentalia)
Figure 5. Virtual 3D reconstruction and outline drawing of petrosal UFRJ-DG 1036-M (mirrored), details of anatomy; A, cerebellar view; B, dorsal view. Abbreviations: aav, external aperture of the vestibular aqueduct; acan n, notch housing the external aperture of the cochlear canaliculus; cev s?, sulcus for capsuloparietal emissary vein?; circ. fs, (vascular?) circular fossa; cn, canal and cribriform tract for cochlear nerve; cp (br.), crista petrosa (broken); cpa, crista parotica; exs, exoccipital articulation surface of petrosal; fai, foramen acusticum inferius; fas, foramen acusticum superius; ff, facial foramen; fi, fossa incudis; fsa, fossa subarcuata; fsg, foramen singulare; f sup vest, foramen for the superior vestibule area; ips, sulcus of inferior petrosal sinus; lv.ips, crest-like lateroventral border of sulcus for inferior petrosal sinus; md.ips, crest-like mediodorsal border of sulcus for inferior petrosal sinus; obl.g, oblique groove; pg, posterior occipital groove; pmc, petromastoid canal; pr, promontorium; ptn, post-temporal notch; pts, post-temporal sulcus; sps, sulcus of superior petrosal sinus; sqs, squamosal articulation surface of petrosal; st.s., stapedial artery sulcus; tt, tegmen tympani.
Figure 9 in Petrosal and inner ear anatomy and allometry amongst specimens referred to Litopterna (Placentalia)
Figure 9. Computed-tomography slices through the isolated petrosal UFRJ-DG 1035-M. Numbers refer to individual slices that are re-located on the virtually reconstructed translucent petrosal and bony labyrinth at the lower right corner. Abbreviations: aa, anterior ampulla; aav, external aperture of the vestibular aqueduct; A.b.X n., notch/sulcus for the auricular branch of the vagus nerve (X); acan n, notch housing the external aperture of the cochlear canaliculus; acf, external aperture of the cochlear fossula; asc, anterior semicircular canal; cc, common crus; cgsn, canal for the ganglion of spiral nerve; cn, canal and cribriform tract for cochlear nerve; co, cochlear canal; fai, foramen acusticum inferius; fn, canal for facial nerve; fs, facial sulcus; fsa, fossa subarcuata; fsg, foramen singulare; f sup vest, foramen for the superior vestibule area; fv, fenestra vestibuli; la, lateral ampulla; lsc, lateral semicircular canal; lv.ips, crest-like lateroventral border of sulcus for inferior petrosal sinus; pa, posterior ampulla; pl, primary bony lamina; psc, posterior semicircular canal; rtp, rostral tympanic process; scc, secondary common crus; sl, secondary bony lamina; ves, vestibule.
Figure 6 in Petrosal and inner ear anatomy and allometry amongst specimens referred to Litopterna (Placentalia)
Figure 6. Dorsolateral views of the petrosals UFRJ-DG 1035-M (A) and 347-M (B). Abbreviations: cev s?, sulcus for capsuloparietal emissary vein?; circ. fs, (vascular?) circular fossa; ptn, post-temporal notch; pts, post-temporal sulcus; rsup f, foramen for the ramus superior of stapedial artery; sqs, squamosal articulation surface of petrosal; vdms?, possible sulcus for the vena diploëtica magna.
FIGURES 402–405 in The Italian species of the Chthonius ischnocheles group (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae), with reference to neighbouring countries
FIGURES 402–405. Distribution maps for the Italian species of the Chthonius ischnocheles group. 402, Chthonius agazzii Beier, 1966 and Chthonius comottii Inzaghi, 1987; 403, Chthonius alpicola Beier, 1951; 404, Chthonius carinthiacus Beier, 1951; 405, Chthonius guglielmii Callaini, 1986 and Chthonius ilvensis Beier, 1963.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.