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Figures 5-12 in The systematic position of the scorpion genera Heteroscorpion Birula, 1903 and Urodacus Peters, 1861 (Scorpiones: Scorpionoidea)

Figures 5-12: Diagrammatic trichobothrial pattern of external surface of patella for genus Urodacus. 5. Urodacus manicatus. 6. U. mckenziei (after Volschenk et al., 2000: Fig. 11, in part). 7. U. planimanus. 8. U. novaehollandiae. 9. U. armatus. 10. U. elongatus. 11. U. hoplurus. 12. U. yaschenkoi. Distal ventral trichobothrium number and position depicted as vxx. Open circles depict orthobothriotaxy based on Vachon (1974: Fig. 107), closed circles depict hypothesized accessory trichobothria.

Figures 95–102 in Eight new species of the genera Scorpiops Peters, Euscorpiops Vachon, and Chaerilus Simon (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae, Chaerilidae) from Tibet and Yunnan, China

Figures 95–102: Euscorpiops karschi sp. n., female holotype. 95–98. Chela, dorsoexternal, external, ventral and internal aspects. 99. Femur dorsal aspect. 100–102. Patella dorsal, external and ventral aspects. Scale = 1 mm.

Figures 84–93 in Eight new species of the genera Scorpiops Peters, Euscorpiops Vachon, and Chaerilus Simon (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae, Chaerilidae) from Tibet and Yunnan, China

Figures 84–93: Euscorpiops shidian sp. n., male holotype. 84. Femur, dorsal aspect. 85–87. Patella, dorsal, external and ventral aspects. 88–89. Chelicera, dorsal and ventral aspects. 90. Telson, lateral aspect. 91. Dentate margin of the pedipalp chela movable finger. 92. Sternum, genital operculum and pectines. 93 same as 92, female paratype. Scales = 1 mm.

Figure 36 in The Cretaceous scorpion genus, Archaeobuthus, revisited (Scorpiones: Archaeobuthidae)

Figure 36: Archaeobuthus estephani. Dorsoexternal view of pedipalpal chela showing trichobothria Eb1, Eb2, Est, Et1, eb, est, et, and db.

Figures 18–25 in The Cretaceous scorpion genus, Archaeobuthus, revisited (Scorpiones: Archaeobuthidae)

Figures 18–25: Diagrammatic trichobothrial patterns of pedipalpal patella for Archaeobuthus, Pseudochactas, and representatives of the six buthoid groups suggested by Fet et al. (2005). 18. Archaeobuthus estephani (idealized). 19. Pseudochactas ovchinnikovi (after Soleglad & Fet, 2001, in part). 20. Buthus bonito (after Lourenço & Geniez, 2005, in part). 21. Ananteris luciae (after Lourenço, 1984, in part). 22. Isometrus sankeriensis (after Tikader & Bastawade, 1983, in part). 23. Charmus indicus (after Lourenço, 2000b, in part, and Tikader & Bastawade, 1983, in part). 24. Uroplectes occidentalis (after Vachon, 1950, in part). 25. Tityus shiriana (after González-Sponga, 1991, in part). Vertical bars depict location of external trichobothria.

Figures 6–9 in The Cretaceous scorpion genus, Archaeobuthus, revisited (Scorpiones: Archaeobuthidae)

Figures 6–9: Pedipalp of Archaeobuthus estephani showing trichobothria; compare to Figs. 2–5. 6. Dorsoexternal view of chela (also see Fig. 36). 7. Ventral view of chelal palm (also see Fig. 37). 8. Dorsal view of patella (also see Fig. 44). 9. Dorsal view of femur (also see Fig. 45).

Figure 43 in The Cretaceous scorpion genus, Archaeobuthus, revisited (Scorpiones: Archaeobuthidae)

Figure 43: Archaeobuthus estephani. Pedipalpal patella showing four external trichobothria, eb1, esb1, est, and et1.

Figures 19–26 in Three new species of Scorpiops Peters, 1861 (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae: Scorpiopinae) from Pakistan

Figures 19–26: 19 and 21. Scorpiops pseudomontanus Kovařík et Ahmed, sp. n., male paratype. 19. Patella external, 21. Patella ventral. 20, 22, 23–26. Scorpiops zubairahmedi Kovařík et Ahmed, sp. n., male paratype. 20. Patella external. 22. Patella ventral. 23–26. Dorsal and ventral view and chela external and ventral.

Figures 2–5 in The Cretaceous scorpion genus, Archaeobuthus, revisited (Scorpiones: Archaeobuthidae)

Figures 2–5: Pedipalp trichobothrial pattern of Archaeobuthus estephani. 2. Dorsoexternal view of chela. 3. Ventral view of chelal palm. 4. Dorsal view of patella. 5. Dorsal view of femur. Compare to Figs. 6–9.

Figures 7–12 in Three new species of Scorpiops Peters, 1861 (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae: Scorpiopinae) from Pakistan

Figures 7–12: Scorpiops pakistanus Kovařík et Ahmed, sp. n. 7–9. Male holotype, dorsal and ventral view and chela external. 10–12. Female paratype, dorsal and ventral view and chela external.

Figures 79–83 in Eight new species of the genera Scorpiops Peters, Euscorpiops Vachon, and Chaerilus Simon (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae, Chaerilidae) from Tibet and Yunnan, China

Figures 79–83: Euscorpiops shidian sp. n., male holotype. Chela, dorsoexternal, external, ventral and internal aspects. 83 same as 82, female paratype. Scales = 1 mm.

Figure 34 in The Cretaceous scorpion genus, Archaeobuthus, revisited (Scorpiones: Archaeobuthidae)

Figure 34: Partial trichobothrial pattern of pedipalpal chela of fossil Palaeoburmesebuthus grimaldii Lourenço, 2002 (after Santiago-Blay et al., 2004a: fig. 2, in part); compare with that of Archaeobuthus estephani in Fig. 2.

Figures 1–6 in Three new species of Scorpiops Peters, 1861 (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae: Scorpiopinae) from Pakistan

Figures 1–6: Scorpiops pakistanus Kovařík et Ahmed, sp. n., male paratype. 1. Chela dorsal. 2. Chela external. 3. Manus ventral. 4. Patella dorsal. 5. Patella external. 6. Patella ventral. The first capital letters denote trichobothria situated on the manus, and the first lower-case letters denote those situated on the fixed finger of pedipalp. Figs. 4 to 6 show the distribution of trichobothria on the patella of pedipalp. First letters: D, dorsal, E, external, I, internal, V, ventral. Second or second plus third letters: b, basal, sb, suprabasal, m, medial, st, subterminal, t, terminal, v, ventral. Numerals distinguish individual trichobothria of the same classification. Designation and description of trichobothria after Vachon (1974). Morphological terminology after Stahnke (1970).

Figures 71–77 in Eight new species of the genera Scorpiops Peters, Euscorpiops Vachon, and Chaerilus Simon (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae, Chaerilidae) from Tibet and Yunnan, China

Figures 71–77: Euscorpiops vachoni sp. n., male holotype. 71–72. Chelicera, dorsal and ventral aspects. 73. Sternum, genital operculum and pectines. 74 same as 73, female paratype. 75. Dentate margin of the pedipalp chela movable finger. 76. Metasomal segment V and telson, ventral aspect. 77. Telson, lateral aspect. Scales = 1 mm.

Figures 142–145 in The genus Vachoniolus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in Oman

Figures 142–145: Habitats of Vachoniolus species in Oman. 142. Al Abyad dune field, Acacia woodland, 10–15 km W of Barka on Batinah coastal plain, type locality of V. batinahensis, sp. nov. 143. Sandy plains of central Oman, Wadi Andam, typical habitat of V. gallagheri, sp. nov. 144. Ramlat al Wahiba (Wahiba Sands), region of high sands (Al Hibal), habitat of Vachoniolus sp., provisionally classified as V. globimanus. 145. Ramlat as Sahmah, dunes of the Rub' al-Khali (Empty Quarter), habitat of V. globimanus.

Figures 13–18 in Three new species of Scorpiops Peters, 1861 (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae: Scorpiopinae) from Pakistan

Figures 13–18: Scorpiops pseudomontanus Kovařík et Ahmed, sp. n. 13–15. Male paratype, dorsal and ventral view and chela external. 10–12. Female paratype, dorsal and ventral view and chela external.

Figures 124–135 in The genus Vachoniolus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in Oman

Figures 124–135: Tarsal spine combs of early juvenile instars of other buthids with adult tarsal bristle combs. 124–129: Apistobuthus pterygocercus Finnegan, 1932, juvenile female, carapace length 2.75 mm (Wahiba Sands); 130–135: Odontobuthus brevidigitus Lowe, 2010, juvenile paratype male, carapace length 2.31 mm (Seeb). 124, 126, 128, 130, 132, 134: UV epifluorescence; 125, 127, 129, 131, 133, 135: visible light trans-illumination; 124–125, 130–131: leg I; 126–127, 132–133: leg II; 128–129, 134–135: leg III. Retrolateral aspect of right leg in all figures. Scale bars: 1 mm (A. pterygocercus), 0.5 mm (O. brevidigitus).

Figures 106–111 in The genus Vachoniolus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in Oman

Figures 106–111: Graphical illustration of variation in selected morphometric ratios of Vachoniolus. 106. Scatter plot of male variation in slenderness of metasoma I and relative length of pectine (metasoma I L/W vs. pectine L/ carapace L). 107. Scatter plot of variation in relative length of metasoma IV and slenderness of telson (metasoma IV L/ carapace L vs. telson L/W). 108. Scatter plot of male variation in slenderness of metasoma IV and relative proportion of pedipalp chela fixed finger (metasoma IV L/W vs. pedipalp chela fixed finger L/ manus L). 109. Scatter plot of male variation in slenderness of metasoma V and pedipalp femur (metasoma v L/W vs. pedipalp femur L/W). 110. Scatter plot of male variation in slenderness of pedipalp femur and patella (pedipalp femur L/W vs. pedipalp patella L/W). 111. Histogram plots showing distributions of the trichobothrial distance ratio (d5–e2)/(e2–e1) (data from both sexes). Vertical line is crossover point for d5 relative to e2. Note: each histogram bar represents the number of cases with ratio ≤ right abscissa tick mark; for V. globimanus, all data ≤ 0 are actually equal to 0 (i.e. no cases of d5 proximal to e2). The ratio distribution of V. batinahensis was significantly different from that of V. gallagheri (P = 0.0001), and the latter was also significantly different from that of V. globimanus (P = 4·10-6) (Mann-Whitney test). Color codes of all plots: green: V. batinahensis; yellow: V. gallagheri; magenta: V. globimanus; blue: V. iranus. Data in 106–110 from adults, in 111 from all ages.

Figures 112–123 in The genus Vachoniolus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in Oman

Figures 112–123: Tarsal spine combs and bristle combs on tibia, telotarsus and basitarsus of juvenile Vachoniolus batinahensis, sp. nov. 112–117: left legs, juvenile female, Al Abyad, carapace length 1.68 mm. 118–123: right legs, juvenile female, Al Abyad, carapace length 2.8 mm. 112–114, 118–120: visible light trans-illumination; 115–117, 121–123: UV epifluorescence. 112, 115, 118, 121: leg I; 113, 116, 119, 122: leg II; 114, 117, 120, 123: leg III. Retrolateral aspect shown in all figures. Scale bars: 5 mm (across rows).

Figures 100–105 in The genus Vachoniolus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in Oman

Figures 100–105: Pedipalp finger dentition of Vachoniolus species in Oman. Each figure shows a sketch of the denticle patterns on the dentate margins of right fixed finger (left drawing), and right movable finger (right drawing). Position of internal fixed finger trichobothrium it is indicated. 100. V. batinahensis, sp. nov., holotype male. 101. V. batinahensis, sp. nov., paratype female (al Abyad). 102. V. gallagheri, sp. nov., holotype male. 103. V. gallagheri, sp. nov., paratype female (N of Adam). 104. V. globimanus, female (Marsawdad). 105. V. globimanus, male (Shigag).