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12,683 results for “tolerability”
Colony-level mechanisms of thermal tolerance regulation in the ant Ectatomma ruidum
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Heat tolerance of marine ectotherms in a warming Antarctica
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Data from: Heat tolerance in ectotherms scales predictably with body size
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Drought stress and high heat tolerance in domesticated Phaseolus beans
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Data from: Seasonal acclimation of photosynthetic thermal tolerances in six woody tropical species along a thermal gradient
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Limited plasticity in thermally tolerant ectotherm populations: evidence for a trade-off
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Data from: Identifying genetic variation associated with environmental variation and drought-tolerance phenotypes in ponderosa pine
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Intraspecific variation in thermal acclimation and tolerance between populations of the winter ant, Prenolepis imparis
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Data from: Lineage and latitudinal variation in Phragmites australis tolerance to herbivory: implications for invasion success
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Arabidopsis Tolerance to herbivory: Arabidopsis BioCON evolutionary study
We know a lot about the potential ecological effects of increasing concentrations to atmospheric CO2; however, we know relatively little about whether increased concentrations will also affect evolution. In collaboration with Jennifer Lau (KBS and Michigan State University), Peter Reich (U of MN Forestry) and Ruth Shaw (U of MN EEB) we are using a combination traditional quantitative genetic and QTL approaches to determine the effect elevated CO2 has on; patterns of selection, responses to selection, and the genetic basis of phenotypic variation.
Development of a novel system of screening for hypoxia tolerance in barley
<p>Dataset containing the growth of barley under hypoxic conditions, controls, controls using rye, RNA yields and gene expression</p>
Supplementary online material for PhD thesis manuscript Proteomic approaches to the characterization of tolerance and virulence in bacterial biofilms
<p>These data belong to a PhD thesis manuscript Proteomic approaches to the characterization of tolerance and virulence in bacterial biofilms.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Supplementary online material 1</strong></p> <p>Theoretical proteome of <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>ATCC 25923.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary online material 2</strong></p> <p>Theoretical proteome of <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa </em>PAO1.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary online material 3</strong></p> <p>MaxQuant (v. 1.6.1.0) output of exoproteomic analysis carried out on a dual-species biofilm model.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary online material 4</strong></p> <p>MaxQuant (v. 1.6.1.0) output of surfaceomic analysis carried out on a dual-species biofilm model</p> <p><strong>Supplementary online material 5</strong></p> <p>Curated MaxQuant (v. 1.6.1.0) output of exoproteomic analysis carried out on a dual-species biofilm model.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary online material 6</strong></p> <p>Curated MaxQuant (v. 1.6.1.0) output of surfaceomic analysis carried out on a dual-species biofilm model.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary online material 7</strong></p> <p>Protein quantification of valid identifications in LC-MS/MS analysis of <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa </em>dual-species biofilms.</p>
Supplementary dataset to "A new genome allows the identification of genes associated with natural variation in aluminium tolerance in Brachiaria grasses"
<p>SUPPLEMENTARY DATASETS TO:</p> <p><strong>A new genome allows the identification of genes associated with natural variation in aluminium tolerance in <em>Brachiaria </em>grasses</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Supplementary File 1:</strong> Cumulative root length (RL), root biomass (RB), and root tip diameter (RD) during Al<sup>3+</sup> stress (A) and control (C) conditions, and the ratio (R) between stress and control values, in the interspecific progeny between CIAT 606 and BXR 44-02.</li> <li><strong>Supplementary File 2: </strong>Gene annotation in GFF3 format.</li> <li><strong>Supplementary File 3: </strong>Functional annotation of the genes, including GO terms and homologous proteins in NCBI nr database, Uniprot, <em>A. thaliana</em>, rice, <em>P. halli</em>, <em>S. italica</em> and <em>S. viridis</em><em>.</em></li> <li><strong>Supplementary File 4: </strong>Assignment of the proteins in the Poaceae family to eggNOG orthologous groups to identify shared clusters of proteins among these species.</li> <li><strong>Supplementary File 5:</strong> Anchoring 21,145 <em>Brachiaria ruziziensis</em> scaffolds longer than 10 Kbp or with at least one annotated gene (533.9 Mbp) in <em>S. italica </em>nine chromosomes.</li> <li><strong>Supplementary File 6:</strong> Chromosomal position of the 41,974 transcripts in <em>Brachiaria ruziziensis</em> based on the synteny with the <em>S. italica</em> genome. In BED5 format.</li> <li><strong>Supplementary File 7: </strong>Genetic map with 4,427 markers placed at LOD 10 in 18 linkage groups, including the position of each marker in the genetic map and genome assembly.</li> <li><strong>Supplementary File 8:</strong> Functional annotation of the 84 DE genes within QTLs.</li> <li><strong>Supplementary File 9:</strong> Enrichment analysis of the GO terms (full ontology) over-represented among DE genes in each species with the biological processes (BP) and molecular functions (MF).</li> <li><strong>Supplementary File 10:</strong> Enrichment analysis of the GO SLIM terms (reduced ontology) over-represented among DE genes in each species with the biological processes (BP) and molecular functions (MF).</li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> </ul> <p>Margaret Worthington<sup>1#</sup>, Juan Guillermo Perez<sup>1</sup>, Saule Mussurova<sup>2</sup>, Alexander Silva-Cordoba<sup>1</sup>, Valheria Castiblanco<sup>1</sup>, Juan Andres Cardoso Arango<sup>1</sup>, Charlotte Jones<sup>3</sup>, Narcis Fernandez-Fuentes<sup>3</sup>, Leif Skot<sup>3</sup>, Sarah Dyer<sup>2&</sup>, Joe Tohme<sup>1</sup>, Federica Di Palma<sup>2</sup>, Jacobo Arango<sup>1</sup>, Ian Armstead<sup>3</sup>, Jose J De Vega<sup>2</sup></p> <p> </p> <p>1. International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), A.A. 6713, Cali, Colombia.</p> <p>2. Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UZ, UK.</p> <p>3. Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data from: Evolutionary constraint on low elevation range expansion: defense-abiotic stress tolerance tradeoff in crosses of the ecological model Boechera stricta
Most transplant experiments across species geographic range boundaries indicate that adaptation to stressful environments outside the range is often constrained. However, the mechanisms of these constraints remain poorly understood. We used extended generation crosses from diverged high and low elevation populations. In experiments across low elevation range boundaries, there was selection on the parental lines for abiotic stress tolerance and resistance to herbivores. However, in support of a defense-tolerance tradeoff, extended generation crosses showed non-independent segregation of these traits in the lab across a drought-stress gradient and in the field across the low elevation range boundary. Genotypic variation in a marker from a region of the genome containing a candidate gene (MYC2) was associated with change in the genetic tradeoff. Thus, using crosses and forward genetics, we found experimental genetic and molecular evidence for a pleiotropic tradeoff that could constrain the evolution of range expansion.
Hypoxia inducible factor-1α knockout does not impair acute thermal tolerance or heat hardening in zebrafish
The rapid increase in critical thermal maximum (CTmax) in fish (or other animals), previously exposed to critically high temperature is termed 'heat hardening', which likely represents a key strategy to cope with increasingly extreme environments. The physiological mechanisms that determine acute thermal tolerance, and the underlying pathways facilitating heat hardening, remain debated. It has been posited, however, that exposure to high temperature is associated with tissue hypoxia and may be associated with increased expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (Hif-1). We studied acute thermal tolerance in zebrafish lacking functional Hif-1α paralogs (Hif-1aa and Hif-1ab double knockout; Hif-1α-/-), which are known to exhibit markedly reduced hypoxia tolerance. We hypothesised that Hif-1α-/- zebrafish would suffer reduced acute thermal tolerance relative to wild-types and that the heat hardening ability would be lost. On the contrary, we observed that Hif-1α-/- and wild-type fish did not differ in CTmax, and both genotypes exhibited heat hardening of a similar degree when CTmax was re-tested 48 h later. Despite exhibiting impaired hypoxia tolerance (based on loss of equilibrium experiments), Hif-1α-/- zebrafish display unaltered thermal tolerance, suggesting that these traits are not necessarily functionally associated. Hif-1α is accordingly not required for short-term acclimation in the form of heat hardening.
QTL mapping and marker development for tolerance to sulfur phytotoxicity in melon (Cucumis Melo)
<p><span>Elemental sulfur is an effective, inexpensive fungicide for many foliar pathogens, but severe phytotoxicity prohibits its use on many melon varieties. Sulfur phytotoxicity causes chlorosis and necrosis of leaf tissue, leading to plant death in the most sensitive lines, while other varieties have little to no damage. A high-density, genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS)-based genetic map of a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population segregating for sulfur tolerance was used for a quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping study of sulfur phytotoxicity in melon. One major (qSulf-1) and two minor (qSulf-8 and qSulf-12) QTL were associated with sulfur tolerance in the population. <a name="_Hlk40443716">The development of Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) markers developed across qSulf-1 decreased the QTL interval from 239 kb (cotyledons) and 157 kb (leaves) to 97 kb (both tissues). </a>The markers were validated for linkage to sulfur tolerance in a set of melon cultivars. These KASP markers can be incorporated into melon breeding programs for introgression of sulfur tolerance into elite melon germplasm.</span></p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data from: The upper thermal tolerance for a Texas population of the hairy maggot blow fly Chrysomya rufifacies Macquart (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
<p>The hairy maggot blow fly (<i>Chrysomya rufifacies</i>: Macquart) is an invasive necrophagous fly found throughout the continental United States. <i>Chrysomya</i> <i>rufifacies</i> is of medical/veterinary, forensic, and ecological importance due to its ability to cause myiasis, colonize human remains, and displace native Diptera. However, little is known about their upper thermal tolerance, which could be used to better predict their invasion potential.</p> <p>We investigated the upper thermal tolerance of <i>C. rufifacies </i>exposed to different temperatures (20 – 45°C), times (1 – 6 h), and nutrients (no food or water, water only, or a food-water mixture) for both sexes and two age ranges (young = 6-8, old = 9-11 days post pupal emergence).</p> <p>As temperature or duration increased, the probability of knockdown increased (0 – 100% at 20 and 45°C and from 41 – 75% at 1 and 6 h), while the probability of survival decreased (99 – 2% at 20 and 45°C and from 75 – 28% at 1 and 6 h). The availability of nutrients increased thermal tolerance at moderate temperatures (40 and 42°C). Female flies were more thermally tolerant than males (probability of knockdown = 49% vs 58%; probability of survival = 58 % vs 46%). Thermal tolerance did not differ by age.</p> <p>These data reveal details about the upper thermal tolerance for a single population of <i>C. rufifacies</i>, and suggest that environmental and organismal factors ought to be considered in order to make meaningful predictions about the invasion potential of <i>C. rufifacies </i>in North America.</p>
Data from: Evidence for the evolution of thermal tolerance but not desiccation tolerance in response to hotter, drier city conditions in a cosmopolitan, terrestrial isopod
<p>Cities are often hotter and drier compared with nearby undeveloped areas, but how organisms respond to these multifarious stressors associated with urban heat islands is largely unknown. Terrestrial isopods are especially susceptible to temperature and aridity stress as they have retained highly permeable gills from their aquatic ancestors. We performed a two‐temperature common garden experiment with urban and rural populations of the terrestrial isopod, <i>Oniscus asellus </i>, to uncover evidence for plastic and evolutionary responses to urban heat islands. We focused on physiological tolerance traits including tolerance of heat, cold and desiccation. We also examined body size responses to urban heat islands, as size can modulate physiological tolerances. We found that different mechanisms underlie responses to urban heat islands. While evidence suggests urban isopods may have evolved higher heat tolerance, urban and rural isopods had statistically indistinguishable cold and desiccation tolerances. In both populations, plasticity to warmer rearing temperature diminished cold tolerance. Although field‐collected urban and rural isopods were the same size, rearing temperature positively affected body size. Finally, larger size improved desiccation tolerance, which itself was influenced by rearing temperature. Our study demonstrates how multifarious changes associated with urban heat islands, <i>i.e. </i>heat and aridity, will not necessarily contribute to contemporary evolution in each of the corresponding physiological traits.</p>
Anthropogenic noise reduces avian feeding efficiency and increases vigilance along an urban-rural gradient regardless of species' tolerances to urbanisation
<p>Anthropogenic noise can adversely impact urban bird populations by interfering with vocal communication. Less research has addressed if anthropogenic noise masks the adventitious sounds that birds use to aid predator detection, which may lead to increased vigilance and reduced feeding efficiency. We test this hypothesis using a controlled playback experiment along an urban-rural gradient in Sheffield (UK). We also test the related predictions that anthropogenic noise has the greatest impacts on vigilance and feeding efficiency in rural populations, and on species that are more sensitive to urbanisation. We focus on six passerines, in order from most to least urbanised (based on how urbanisation influences population densities): blue tit Cyanistes caeruleus, robin Erithacus rubeculla, great tit Parus major, chaffinch Fringilla coelebs, coal tit Periparus ater and nuthatch Sitta europaea. We used play-back of anthropogenic urban noise and a control treatment at 46 feeding stations located along the urban-rural gradient. We assess impacts on willingness to visit feeders, feeding and vigilance rates. Exposure to anthropogenic noise reduced visit rates to supplementary feeding stations, reduced feeding rates and increased vigilance. Birds at more urban sites exhibit less marked treatment induced reductions in feeding rates, suggesting that urban populations may be partially habituated or adapted to noisy environments. There was no evidence, however, that more urbanised species were less sensitive to the impacts of noise on any response variable. Our results support the adventitious sound masking hypothesis. Urban noise may thus interfere with the ability of birds to detect predators, reducing their willingness to use food rich environments and increase vigilance rates resulting in reduced feeding rates. These adverse impacts may compromise the quality of otherwise suitable foraging habitats in noisy urban areas. They are likely to be widespread as they arise in a range of species including common urban birds.</p>
Data from: Cold-acclimation increases depolarization resistance and tolerance in muscle fibers from a chill-susceptible insect, Locusta migratoria
<p>Cold exposure depolarizes cells in insects due to a reduced electrogenic ion transport and a gradual increase in extracellular [K<sup>+</sup>]. Cold-induced depolarization is linked to cold injury in chill-susceptible insects, and the locust, <i>Locusta migratoria</i>, has shown improved cold tolerance following cold-acclimation through depolarization resistance. Here we investigate how cold-acclimation influences depolarization resistance and how this resistance relates to improved cold tolerance. To address this question, we investigated if cold-acclimation affects the electrogenic transport capacity and/or the relative K<sup>+</sup> permeability during cold exposure by measuring membrane potentials of warm- and cold-acclimated locusts in the presence/absence of ouabain (Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> pump blocker) or 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, voltage-gated K<sup>+</sup> channel blocker). In addition, we compared the membrane lipid composition of muscle tissue from warm- and cold-acclimated locust, and the abundance of a range transcripts related to ion transport and cell injury accumulation. We found that cold-acclimated locusts are depolarization resistant due to an elevated K<sup>+</sup> permeability, facilitated by opening of 4-AP sensitive K<sup>+</sup> channels. In accordance, cold-acclimation was associated with an increased abundance of <i>shaker</i> transcripts (gene encoding 4-AP sensitive voltage-gated K<sup>+</sup> channels). Furthermore, we found that cold-acclimation improved muscle cell viability following exposure to cold and hyperkalemia even when muscles were depolarized substantially. Thus, cold-acclimation confers resistance to depolarization by altering the relative ion permeability, but cold-acclimated locusts are also more tolerant to depolarization.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
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