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23,351 results for “Comparative”
Supplementary material 1 from: Scacchetti P, Pansonato-Alves J, Utsunomia R, Oliveira C, Foresti F (2011) Karyotypic diversity in four species of the genus Gymnotus Linnaeus, 1758 (Teleostei, Gymnotiformes, Gymnotidae): physical mapping of ribosomal genes and telomeric sequences. Comparative Cytogenetics 5(3): 223-235. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v5i3.1375
Nexus file of aligned COI and COII nucleotide sequences.
ROS-specific Huntingtin Interactions: Comparing transfection methods for inducible expression of huntingtin-specific chromobody
<p>Optimization step in the development of an inducible system expressing YFP-tagged huntingtin-specific intrabodies for stable transfection in TruHD fibroblasts.</p>
Genome-wide association results from Phase 1 data comparing uveitis-JIA cases to non-uveitis JIA samples
<p>Summary-level GWAS results for Phase 1 data affiliated with the manuscript "An amino acid motif in HLA-DRβ1 distinguishes patients with uveitis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis."</p> <p>Columns are:</p> <p> 1. CHR: chromosome</p> <p> 2. SNP: SNP identifier</p> <p> 3. BP: basepair position (hg19)</p> <p> 4. A1: minor allele and tested allele</p> <p> 5. A2: the other allele (major allele)</p> <p> 6. FRQ: frequency of the A1 allele</p> <p> 7. INFO: imputation info score</p> <p> 8. EFFECT: beta/effect size of the SNP</p> <p> 9. SE: standard error of the SNP</p> <p> 10. P: p-value at that SNP</p> <p> </p>
EuroparlExtract - Comparable Corpora Extracted from the European Parliament Proceedings Parallel Corpus
<p>This dataset contains comparable translational corpora extracted from the European Parliament Proceedings Corpus (Europarl) v7 created by Philipp Koehn (see http://www.statmt.org/europarl/). For the extraction, the EuroparlExtract corpus processing toolkit by Michael Ustszewski (2017) was used. Europarl Extract is freely available under the MIT License (see https://github.com/mustaszewski/europarl-extract).</p>
Comparing mail-in self-collected specimens sent via United States Postal Service versus clinic-collected specimens for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in extra-genital sites data set
<p>This data set was used to evaluate the concordance between clinic-collected extra-genital specimens and self-collected mailed-in extra-genital specimens among participants seeking sexually transmitted infection testing at a free clinic in Hollywood, CA. The newest version of the file reflects sample adequacy control (SAC) cycle threshold values for each participant.</p>
Data from: Comparative reproductive ecology of Old and New World Trogons, an order in decline across the world
<p><span>Many tropical species show declining populations. The pantropical order Trogoniformes has 76% of its species ranked as declining, reflecting a world-wide problem. Here we report on the reproductive ecology and life history traits of the declining and near-threatened old world Whitehead's Trogon (<em>Harpactes whiteheadi</em>), the declining new world Collared Trogon (<em>Trogon collaris</em>) and the stable Masked Trogon (<em>T. personatus</em>). We also reviewed the literature on reproductive ecology and life history traits of trogons to assess possible commonalities that might help explain population declines. We found that the declining Whitehead's and Masked Trogons had reasonable nest success (32% and 25%, respectively), while the stable Masked Trogon had poor reproductive success (9%), all contrary to population trends. However, the limited literature data suggested that poor reproductive success may be common among trogons, which may contribute to population declines. Parents fed young at a low rate and had long on-bouts for incubation and nestling warming that reduced activity at the nest, as favored by high nest predation risk over evolutionary time. We found that young fledged from the nest with poorly developed wings, as also favored by high nest predation risk. Evolved nestling periods among trogon species suggests that poor wing development is likely common. Wing development has been shown to affect juvenile survival after leaving the nest. The poor wing development may be an important contributor to population declines that deserves more attention. Evolved life history traits are important to recognize as creating population vulnerabilities in a changing world. </span></p>
Evaluation of comparative efficacy of Babool Vati versus Tablet Metformin in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Prameha)- a randomized controlled trial protocol
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data belonging to "Successful invasion: camera trap distance sampling reveals higher density for invasive raccoon dog compared to native mesopredators"
<p>Data files (comma separated text files) containing the camera data (CameraData) containing the information on camera trap placements in the various sites and their operation time in days and aperture, the distance sampling data (DistanceData) containing the information on the species and distance detected for each 1s time interval in front of each camera, and the trigger data (TriggerData) containing the time stamps for the pictures taken of each species with each camera, collected in the years 2020 and 2021 in southern Finland. The repository further contains an R script "distanceSamplingScript" which uses the reposited above-described files for analysis reported in the publication "Successful invasion: camera trap distance sampling reveals higher density for invasive raccoon dog compared to native mesopredators" https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-024-03323-4. The R script has been confirmed to run in R version 4.3.3 using packages "activity" vs 1.3.4 and "Distance" vs 1.0.9</p>
Driving Innovation: Comparative Analysis of E-Government Best Practices in Different Regions
<p><span>In the rapidly evolving landscape of electronic government (e-government), innovation stands as a linchpin for effective service delivery and citizen engagement. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of e-government best practices across different regions, aiming to identify key drivers of innovation and excellence in public service digitization. Through an extensive review of global e-government initiatives and case studies, the paper examines successful strategies employed by diverse regions to foster innovation in the public sector. The comparative framework explores varying regulatory environments, technological infrastructures, and cultural considerations that influence the adoption and impact of e-government innovations. The findings contribute valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers seeking to understand the nuanced dynamics of e-government innovation on a global scale. By elucidating the diverse approaches and outcomes in different regions, this paper facilitates a deeper comprehension of the multifaceted nature of e-government best practices and provides a foundation for informed decision-making in the pursuit of innovation excellence.</span></p>
Improving the recovery for dissolved eDNA State: A comparative analysis of isopropanol precipitation, magnetic bead extraction, and centrifugal dialysis
<p>Environmental DNA consists of multiple states including but not limited to membrane-bound, adsorbed, and dissolved states. Because of their chemical and physical properties, each of these states may have different degradation and transport potential. Essential to the study of eDNA states is being able to isolate them from an environmental sample. Here we focus on improving the DNA recovery of the dissolved state of eDNA from water. We compared three recovery methods, namely isopropanol precipitation, magnetic bead extraction, and centrifugal dialysis. We evaluated the effectiveness of these methods based on the measured DNA recovery of two different species' DNA of different sizes. DNA recovery was assessed with qPCR. We also checked for the effect of inhibitor removal, and lastly estimated the cost of reagents and consumables (not labor). The DNA recovery varied among extraction methods, with isopropanol precipitation yielding the highest recovery (52.47 ± 19.69%), followed by centrifugal dialysis (12.58 ± 7.15%) and magnetic bead extraction (9.92 ± 3.89%). However, isopropanol precipitation's efficacy was influenced by humic acid concentration in the water matrix. The presence of humic acids significantly affected isopropanol precipitation, with higher humic acid concentrations leading to increased DNA recovery. This suggests that humic acids act as co-precipitators during isopropanol precipitation. We observed that longer DNA fragments (chicken) had lower recovery compared to shorter fragments (salmon) across all extraction methods. Magnetic bead extraction effectively removed inhibitors, while centrifugal dialysis and isopropanol extraction required an additional inhibitor removal step. Isopropanol, magnetic bead extraction, and centrifugal dialysis methods have estimated costs of 7.74, 8.53, and 23.62 USD in 2023 respectively. Overall, isopropanol precipitation was the least expensive and most effective with the highest measured recoveries, but it was dependent on humic acid concentration in the environmental sample.</p>
Data from: Trophic guilds differ in blood glucose concentrations: A phylogenetic comparative analysis in birds
<p>Glucose is a central metabolic compound used as a source of energy across all animal taxa. There is high interspecific variation in glucose concentration between taxa, the origin and the consequence of which remain largely unknown. Nutrition may affect glucose concentrations because carbohydrate content of different food sources may determine the importance of metabolic pathways in the organism. Birds sustain high glucose concentrations that may entail the risks of oxidative damage. We collected glucose concentration and life history data from 202 bird species from 171 scientific publications; classified them into seven trophic guilds and analysed the data with a phylogenetically controlled model. We show that glucose concentration is negatively associated with body weight and is significantly associated with trophic guilds with a moderate phylogenetic signal. After controlling for allometry, glucose concentrations were highest in carnivorous birds, which rely on high rates of gluconeogenesis to maintain their glycemia and lowest in frugivorous/nectarivorous species, which intake carbohydrates directly. However, trophic guilds with different glucose concentrations did not differ in lifespan. These results link nutritional ecology to physiology and suggest that at the macroevolutionary scale, species requiring constantly elevated glucose concentrations may have additional adaptations to avoid the risks associated with high glycemia.</p>
Data from: A comparative study of body size evolution in moths: Evidence of correlated evolution with feeding and phenology-related traits
<p>Interspecific variation in body size is one of the most popular topics in comparative studies. Despite recent advances, little is still known about the patterns and processes behind the evolution of body size in insects. Here, we used a robust data set comprising all geometrid moth species occurring in Northern Europe to examine the evolutionary associations involving body size and several life-history traits under an explicitly phylogenetic framework. We provided new insights into the interactive effects of life-history traits on body size and evidence of correlated evolution. We further established the sequence of trait evolution linking body size with the life-history traits correlated with it. We found that most (but not all) of the studied life-history traits, to some extent, interfered with interspecific variation in body size, but interactive effects were uncommon. Both bi- and multivariate phylogenetic analyses indicated that larger species tend to be nocturnal flyers, overwinter in the larval stage, feed on the foliage of trees rather than herbs, and have a generalist feeding behavior. We found evidence of correlated evolution involving body size with overwintering stage, host-plant growth form, and dietary specialization. The examination of evolutionary transitions within the correlated models signaled that overwintering as larvae preceded the evolution of large sizes, as did feeding on tree foliage and the generalist feeding behavior. By showing that both body size and all life-history traits correlated with it evolve at very slow rates, we caution against uncritical attempts to propose causal explanations for respective associations based on contemporary ecological settings.</p>
Comparative histology of abscission zones reveals the extent of convergence and divergence in seed shattering in weedy and cultivated rice
<p>The modification of seed shattering has been a recurring theme in rice evolution. The wild ancestor of cultivated rice disperses its seeds, but reduced shattering was selected during multiple domestication events to facilitate harvesting. Conversely, selection for increased shattering occurred during the evolution of weedy rice, a weed invading cultivated rice fields that has originated multiple times from domesticated ancestors. Shattering requires formation of a tissue known as the abscission zone (AZ), but how the AZ has been modified throughout rice evolution is unclear. We quantitatively characterized the AZ characteristics of relative length, discontinuity, and intensity in 86 cultivated and weedy rice accessions. We reconstructed AZ evolutionary trajectories and determined the degree of convergence among different cultivated varieties and among independent weedy rice populations. AZ relative length emerged as the feature best distinguishing high and low shattering rice. Cultivated varieties differed in average AZ morphology, revealing lack of convergence in how shattering reduction was achieved during domestication. In contrast, weedy rice populations typically converged on complete AZs, irrespective of origin. By examining AZ population-level morphology, our study reveals its evolutionary plasticity, and suggests that the genetic potential to modify the ecologically and agronomically important trait of shattering is plentiful in rice lineages.</p>
Assessing the potential of camera traps for estimating activity pattern compared to collar-mounted activity sensors: A case study on Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in South-Eastern Norway
<div> <div> <div> <div> <p>The diel activity patterns of animals convey information about physiology, ecological niches and animal behaviour relevant for both applied conservation and more theoretical research. However, these patterns are challenging to study in the field. The current gold-standard approach to quantify the movements and activity patterns of medium to large wildlife species is to use Global Positioning Systems (GPS) collars equipped with activity sensors (e.g., accelerometers). A more recent approach consists of inferring activity patterns from the time-stamped pictures of wildlife obtained from the camera traps now routinely used in wildlife monitoring projects. However, few studies have attempted to validate estimates of activity patterns obtained from camera traps against those obtained from activity sensors. In this study, we compared the diel activity pattern of the Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx inferred from detections by a network of over 300 camera traps active between 2010 and 2020, to activity patterns obtained from 18 GPS-collared lynx (8 females, 10 males) equipped with 2-axis accelerometer sensors, in the same area of southern Norway. Our results suggest that camera traps can be used to estimate diel activity curves that are comparable to those obtained from accelerometers. In our study 75 detections were sufficient to approximate the diel activity pattern obtained from accelerometer. Subsampling indicated that a low number of detections results in a coarser approximation of the diel activity pattern.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div>
Measuring avian bill size: Comparing and evaluating 3D surface scanning with traditional size estimates in Australian birds
<p>Unidimensional measurements for estimating bill size, like length and width, are commonly used in ecology and evolution, but can be criticised due to issues with repeatability and accuracy. Furthermore, formula-based estimates of bill surface area tend to assume uniform bill shapes across species, which is rarely the case. 3D surface scanning can potentially help overcome some such issues by collecting detailed external morphology and direct measurements of surface area, rather than composite estimates of size. Here, we evaluate the use of 3D surface scanners on avian museum specimens to test the repeatability of 3D-based measurements and compare these to traditional formula-based methods of estimating bill size from unidimensional measurements. Using 28 Australian bird species, we investigate inter-observer repeatability of surface area measurements from 3D surface scans. We then compare 3D-based size estimates to formula-based size estimates to infer the accuracy and precision of formula-based measurements of bill surface area. We find that morphometric measurements from 3D surface scans are highly repeatable between observers, without the need for extensive training, demonstrating an advantage over unidimensional measuring methods, like callipers. When comparing 3D-based measurements to formula-based estimates of bill surface area, most formulae for estimating size consistently underestimate surface area, and with considerable variation between species. Where 3D scanning is not possible, we find that a commonly used cone formula for estimating bill size is most precise across diverse bill shapes, therefore supporting its use in interspecific contexts. However, we find that incorporating an additional unidimensional measure of bill curvature into formulae improves the accuracy of the calculated area. Our results reveal the high potential for 3D surface scanners in avian morphometric research, especially for studies necessitating large sample sizes collected by multiple observers, and gives suggestions for formula-based approaches to estimate bill size.</p>
Figure 5 in Comparative analysis of soil nematode biodiversity from five different fruit orchards in Osmaneli district, Bilecik, Türkiye
Figure 5: Feeding types and their relative abundance of nematodes at different fruit tree orchards.
Fig 4 in Comparative study on the survival and growth performance of white shrimp Penaeus vannamei in ponds cultured with hatchery and nursery reared post larvae
Fig 4: Dissolved Oxygen (D.O) of P.Vannamei culture at Yazali during the year 2018
Fig 5 in Comparative study on the survival and growth performance of white shrimp Penaeus vannamei in ponds cultured with hatchery and nursery reared post larvae
Fig 5: Growth of P. vannamei (in grams) at Yazali (Guntur) in summer crop during the year 2018.
Fig 6 in Comparative study on the survival and growth performance of white shrimp Penaeus vannamei in ponds cultured with hatchery and nursery reared post larvae
Fig 6: Growth of P. vannamei (in grams) at Yazali (Guntur) in winter crop during the year 2018
Fig 3 in Comparative study on the survival and growth performance of white shrimp Penaeus vannamei in ponds cultured with hatchery and nursery reared post larvae
Fig 3: Temperature of P.Vannamei culture at Yazali during the year 2018.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.