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Figure 4 in A contribution to the knowledge of Dermestidae (Coleoptera) from Guatemala
Figure 4. Orphinus fulvipes (Guérin-Méneville, 1838).
Figures 25–26. Ragonotia campodonicoi n in Contribution to the knowledge of Chilean Phycitinae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): new species of Passadena Hulst, 1900, and Ragonotia Grote, 1888, from northern Chile
Figures 25–26. Ragonotia campodonicoi n. sp. 25) Phallus. 26) Phallus apex. Scale: 0.25 mm.
Figure 2 in Remarks on the subgenus Cylinderina Rivalier (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae: Cylindera) from the Philippines with description of a new species 144. Contribution towards the knowledge of the Cicindelidae
Figure 2. Distribution map of Cylindera (Cylinderina) species.
Figure 1 in Remarks on the subgenus Cylinderina Rivalier (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae: Cylindera) from the Philippines with description of a new species 144. Contribution towards the knowledge of the Cicindelidae
Figure 1. Body length of Cylindera (Cylinderina) species in mm (without labrum).
Fig. 2 in Adventive Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) of the Maritime Provinces of Canada: further contributions
Fig. 2. Dorsal habitus photograph of Ilyobates bennetti (from Gouix and Klimaszewski 2007).
Fig. 4 in Adventive Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) of the Maritime Provinces of Canada: further contributions
Fig. 4. Dorsal habitus photograph of Meotica "pallens" sensu Benick and Lohse (1974)
Fig. 3 in Adventive Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) of the Maritime Provinces of Canada: further contributions
Fig. 3. Dorsal habitus photograph of Meotica exilis. Scale = 1 mm.
Fig. 2 in Second contribution to the knowledge of the Lithosiini of Gabon: the genus Nanna Birket-Smith (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae)
Fig. 2. The Ipassa research station in Ivindo National Park.
The GRISLI-LSCE contribution to ISMIP6-Greenland
<p>The GRISLI-LSCE contribution to ISMIP6-Greenland. Experiments IDs as in Nowicki et al.:</p> <p>Nowicki, S., Payne, A. J., Goelzer, H., Seroussi, H., Lipscomb, W. H., Abe-Ouchi, A., Agosta, C., Alexander, P., Asay-Davis, X. S., Barthel, A., Bracegirdle, T. J., Cullather, R., Felikson, D., Fettweis, X., Gregory, J., Hatterman, T., Jourdain, N. C., Kuipers Munneke, P., Larour, E., Little, C. M., Morlinghem, M., Nias, I., Shepherd, A., Simon, E., Slater, D., Smith, R., Straneo, F., Trusel, L. D., van den Broeke, M. R., and van de Wal, R.: Experimental protocol for sealevel projections from ISMIP6 standalone ice sheet models, The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2019-322, in review, 2020.</p>
The GRISLI-LSCE contribution to ISMIP6-Antarctica
<p>The GRISLI-LSCE contribution to ISMIP6-Antarctuca. Experiments IDs as in Nowicki et al.:</p> <p>Nowicki, S., Payne, A. J., Goelzer, H., Seroussi, H., Lipscomb, W. H., Abe-Ouchi, A., Agosta, C., Alexander, P., Asay-Davis, X. S., Barthel, A., Bracegirdle, T. J., Cullather, R., Felikson, D., Fettweis, X., Gregory, J., Hatterman, T., Jourdain, N. C., Kuipers Munneke, P., Larour, E., Little, C. M., Morlinghem, M., Nias, I., Shepherd, A., Simon, E., Slater, D., Smith, R., Straneo, F., Trusel, L. D., van den Broeke, M. R., and van de Wal, R.: Experimental protocol for sealevel projections from ISMIP6 standalone ice sheet models, The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2019-322, in review, 2020.</p>
Phenotypic modulation of biofilm formation in a Staphylococcus epidermidis orthopedic clinical isolate grown under different mechanical stimuli: contribution from a combined proteomic study
<p>One of the major causes of prosthetic joint failure is infection. Recently, coagulase negative <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis</em> has been identified as an emergent, nosocomial pathogen involved in subclinical prosthetic join infections (PJIs). The diagnosis of PJIs mediated by <em>S. epidermidis</em> is usually complex and difficulties due to the absence of acute clinical signs derived from the host immune system response. Therefore, analysis of protein patterns in biofilm-producing <em>S. epidermidis</em> allows for the examination of the molecular basis of biofilm formation. Thus, in the present study, the proteome of a clinical isolate <em>S. epidermidis</em> was analyzed when cultured in its planktonic or sessile form to examine protein expression changes depending on culture conditions. After 24 hours of culture, sessile bacteria exhibited increased gene expression for ribosomal activity and for expression of proteins related to the initial attachment phase, involved in the capsular polysaccharide/adhesin, surface associated proteins and peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Likewise, planktonic <em>S. epidermidis</em> was able to aggregate after 24 hours, synthesizing the accumulation associate protein and cell-wall molecules through the activation of the YycFG and ArlRS, two component regulatory pathways. Prolonged culture under vigorous agitation generated a stressful growing environment triggering aggregation in a biofilm-like matrix as a mechanism to survive harsh conditions.</p> <p>Further studies will be essential to support these findings in order to further delineate the complex mechanisms of biofilm formation of <em>S. epidermidis</em> and they could provide the groundwork for the development of new drugs against biofilm-related infections, as well as the identification of novel biomarkers of subclinical or chronic infections mediated by these emerging, low virulence pathogens.</p>
Data from: Upper Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) marine gastropods from the Cleveland Basin, England: systematics, palaeobiogeography and contribution to biotic recovery from the early Toarcian extinction event
<p>Here we describe a new late Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) marine gastropod fauna from rocks of the Cleveland Basin exposed on the North Yorkshire coast of England. The fossil assemblage comprises sixteen species, of which three are new: <i>Katosira</i>? <i>bicarinata</i> sp. nov., <i>Turritelloidea</i> <i>stepheni</i> sp. nov. and <i>Striactaenonina elegans</i> sp. nov. Four species are described in open nomenclature as <i>Tricarilda</i>? sp., <i>Jurilda</i> sp., <i>Cylindrobullina </i>sp. and <i>Cossmannina</i> sp. The other species have previously been described: <i>Coelodiscus minutus </i>(Schübler <i>in </i>Zieten), <i>Procerithium quadrilineatum </i>(Römer), <i>Pseudokatosira</i> <i>undulata</i> (Benz in von Zieten), <i>Palaeorissoina </i>aff.<i> acuminata</i><i> </i>(Gründel, 1999b), <i>Pietteia</i> <i>unicarinata</i> (Hudleston), <i>Globularia</i> cf. <i>canina</i> (Hudleston), <i>Striactaeonina</i> cf. <i>richterorum </i>Schulbert & Nützel, <i>Striactaenonina </i>aff.<i> tenuistriata </i>(Hudleston) and <i>Sulcoactaeon</i> <i>sedgvici </i>(Phillips). Most of these species are the earliest records of their respective genera and show palaeobiogeographical connections with contemporary gastropod associations from other regions of Europe and South America. The taxonomic composition of the late Toarcian Cleveland Basin gastropod assemblage differs substantially from the faunas of the late Pliensbachian and early Toarcian <i>Tenuicostatum</i> Zone, showing the strong effect of the early Toarcian mass extinction event on the marine gastropod communities in the basin. Only a few gastropod species are shared between the late Toarcian faunas and the much more diverse Aalenian gastropod faunas in the Cleveland Basin, suggesting there was a facies control on gastropod occurrences at that time. This is also a potential explanation for the taxonomic differences between the late Toarcian gastropod faunas in the Cleveland Basin and those in France, and Northern and Southern Germany.</p>
Data from: Altitude difference might contribute to the genetic divergence of giant panda' staple food Bamboo (Fargesia spathacea complex) based on 14 SSR markers
<p>The taxonomy in woody bamboo faces a lot of difficulties due to its long blooming intervals and complicated morphological variation. Whether the current taxonomy would reflect the genuine species divergence within woody bamboo is an intriguing question. <i>Fargesia spathacea</i> complex comprises fifteen closely related species with sympatric distribution in China. Their classification has long been controversy because of only a handful of vegetative traits available, thus providing a good opportunity to explore the evolutionary relationship and genetic differentiation in woody bamboo. Here we presented a study with 750 individuals from 39 representative populations in <i>Fargesia spathacea</i> complex using 14 SSR markers. We found varying degrees of genetic diversity across populations of the <i>Fargesia spathacea</i> complex (<i>He</i>=0.07-0.81) and largely negative <i>F</i> values at the population level, implying an excess of heterozygotes in the populations. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that all populations were divided into two major groups (cluster A and B), with the majority of fifteen species representing distinct genetic lineages. Based on the population genetic analysis along with morphological evidence, we confirmed the identity of three species (<i>F. decurvata</i>, <i>F. spathacea</i> and <i>F. murielae</i>) and suggested invalidation of four other species (<i>scabrida</i>, <i>F. robusta</i>, <i>F. denudata</i> and <i>F. nitida</i>). The delimitation of the rest eight species was yet to be explored. The ecological factor and spatial autocorrelation analysis supported that altitude difference might account for the distinct genetic divergence between two major groups.</p>
Data from: The contribution of hybridization to range‐wide population genetic structure in a Pacific coastal dune plant
<p>Premise of the study: Interspecific hybridization can cause genetic structure across species ranges if the mating system and degree of sympatry/parapatry with close relatives varies geographically. The coastal dune endemic <em>Camissoniopsis cheiranthifolia</em> (Onagraceae) exhibits genetic subdivisions across its range, some of which are associated with shifts in mating system from outcrossing to selfing, while others are not. For instance, strong differentiation between large-flowered, self-incompatible (LF-SI) and large-flowered, self-compatible (LF-SC) populations occurs without much reduction in outcrossing or obvious barriers to gene flow. We hypothesized that LF-SI diverged from LF-SC via hybridization with the predominantly inland SI sister species <em>C. bistort</em>a.</p> <p>Methods: We analyzed spatial proximity using 1460 herbarium records, and genetic variation at 12 microsatellites assayed for 805 and 404 individuals from 32 <em>C. cheiranthifolia</em> and 18 <em>C. bistorta</em> populations, respectively. We also assayed nine chloroplast microsatellites for 124 and 111 individuals from 27 and 19 populations, respectively. </p> <p>Key results: Closer parapatry was associated with unexpectedly high genetic continuity between LF-SI <em>C. cheiranthifolia</em> and <em>C. bistorta</em>. LF-SI genotypes clustered with <em>C. bistorta</em> exclusive of other <em>C. cheiranthifolia</em> genotypes. Similarly, pairwise FST among SI <em>C. cheiranthifolia</em> and <em>C. bistorta</em>, adjusted for geographic proximity, was not higher between heterospecific than conspecific populations. </p> <p>Conclusions: The lack of genetic differentiation between LF-SI <em>C. cheiranthifolia</em> and <em>C. bistorta</em> populations, even those located away from the zone of parapatry, suggests that LF-SI <em>C. cheiranthifolia</em> instead of hybridizing with <em>C. bistorta</em> is rather an ecotype of <em>C. bistorta</em> that has adapted to coastal dune habitat independent of other lineages in <em>C. cheiranthifolia</em> proper.</p>
Shared geographic histories and dispersal contribute to congruent phylogenies between amphipods and their microsporidian parasites at regional and global scales
<p>In parasites that strongly rely on a host for dispersal, geographic barriers that act on the host will simultaneously influence parasite distribution as well. If their association persists over macroevolutionary time it may result in congruent phylogenetic and phylogeographic patterns due to shared geographic histories. Here, we investigated the level of congruent evolutionary history at a regional and global scale in a highly specialised parasite taxon infecting hosts with limited dispersal abilities: the microsporidians <i>Dictyocoela</i> spp. and their amphipod hosts. <i>Dictyocoela</i> can be transmitted both vertically and horizontally and is the most common microsporidian genus occurring in amphipods in Eurasia. However, little is known about its distribution elsewhere. We started by conducting molecular screening to detect microsporidian parasites in endemic amphipod species in New Zealand; based on phylogenetic analyses, we identified nine species-level microsporidian taxa including six belonging to <i>Dictyocoela</i>. With a distance-based cophylogenetic analysis at the regional scale, we identified overall congruent phylogenies between <i>Paracalliope</i>, the most common New Zealand freshwater amphipod taxon, and their <i>Dictyocoela</i> parasites. Also, hosts and parasites showed similar phylogeographic patterns suggesting shared biogeographic histories. Similarly, at a global scale, phylogenies of amphipod hosts and their <i>Dictyocoela</i> parasites showed broadly congruent phylogenies. The observed patterns may have resulted from covicariance and/or codispersal, suggesting that the intimate association between amphipods and <i>Dictyocoela</i> may have persisted over macroevolutionary time. We highlight that shared biogeographic histories could play a role in the codiversification of hosts and parasites at a macroevolutionary scale.</p>
The Ubiquitin Ligase WWP1 Contributes to Shifts in Matrix Proteolytic Profiles and a Myocardial Aging Phenotype with Diastolic Heart Failure
<p><strong><em>Aims</em></strong>. Ubiquitylation is a key event that regulates protein turnover, and induction of the ubiquitin ligase E3 WWP1 has been associated with age. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) commonly occurs as a function of age and can cause heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (EF; HFpEF). We hypothesized that overexpression (O/E) of WWP1 in the heart would cause LVH as well as functional and structural changes consistent with the aging HFpEF phenotype.</p> <p><strong><em>Methods and Results.</em></strong> Global WWP1 O/E was achieved in mice (n=11) and echocardiography (40 MHz) performed to measure LV mass, EF, Doppler velocities (early-E, late/atrial-A), myocardial relaxation (E’), and isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT) at 4, 6, and 8 weeks. Age matched wild type animals (n=15) were included as referent controls. LV EF was identical (60+1% vs 60+1%, p>0.90) with no difference in LV mass (67+3 vs 75+5, p>0.25) at 4 weeks. However, at 8 weeks of age, LV mass increased by over two-fold, E/A fell (impaired passive filling), and E/E’ was lower and IVRT prolonged (impaired LV relaxation) - all p<0.05. Collagen percent area increased by over two-fold and fibrillar collagen expression (rtPCR) by over 1.5 fold (p<0.05) with WWP1 O/E. WWP1 with an anti-WWP1 antibody could be identified in isolated cardiac fibroblasts with WWP1 increased by over two-fold in O/E fibroblasts (p<0.05).</p> <p><strong><em>Conclusion.</em></strong> Inducing WWP1 expression caused LVH, preserved systolic function, but impaired diastolic dysfunction, consistent with the HFpEF phenotype. Targeting the WWP1 pathway may be a novel therapeutic target for this intractable form of HF associated with aging.</p>
Regional differences in the abiotic environment contribute to genomic divergence within a wild tomato species
<p>The wild currant tomato <i>Solanum pimpinellifolium </i>inhabits a wide range of abiotic habitats across its native range of Ecuador and Peru. Although it has served as a key genetic resource for the improvement of domestic cultivars, little is known about the genetic basis of traits underlying local adaptation in this species, nor what abiotic variables are most important for driving differentiation. Here we use redundancy analysis (RDA) and other multivariate statistical methods (structural equation modeling (SEM) and generalized dissimilarity modeling (GDM)) to quantify the relationship of genomic variation (6,830 single nucleotide polymorphisms) with climate and geography, among 140 wild accessions. RDA, SEM, and GDM each identified environment as explaining more genomic variation than geography, suggesting that local adaptation to heterogeneous abiotic habitats may be an important source of genetic diversity in this species. Environmental factors describing temporal variation in precipitation and evaporative demand explained the most SNP variation among accessions, indicating that these forces may represent key selective agents. Lastly, by studying how SNP-environment associations vary throughout the genome (44,064 SNPs), we mapped the location and investigated the functions of loci putatively contributing to climatic adaptations. Together our findings indicate an important role for selection imposed by the abiotic environment in driving genomic differentiation between populations. </p>
Trade-offs between seed size and biotic interactions contribute to coexistence of co-occurring species that vary in fecundity
<p>Despite theoretical advances, the ecological factors and functional traits that enable species varying in seed size and fecundity to coexist remain unclear. Given inherent fecundity advantages, why don't small-seeded species dominate communities?</p> <p>In perennial grasslands, we evaluated whether small-seeded species are less tolerant of competition from the community dominant bunchgrass than large-seeded species but also less vulnerable to seed predation by mice. We also explored whether trade-offs involving competitive tolerance include two other functional traits, height and leaf mass per area (LMA). We added seeds of 17 forb species to plots where bunchgrass competition and rodent seed predation were manipulated across sites varying in bunchgrass productivity and thus competitive intensity. Seeds were added at densities mimicking interspecific variation in fecundity among target species.</p> <p>Standardizing for differences in fecundity (i.e. seed input; which enabled us to evaluate inherent interspecific differences in susceptibility to biotic interactions), bunchgrass competition more greatly reduced recruitment and establishment of small vs. large-seeded species, whereas rodent seed predation more greatly reduced the recruitment of large- versus small-seeded species. Plant height and LMA were unrelated to the competition effect size.</p> <p>Small-seeded species abundance decreased across sites increasing in bunchgrass productivity, whereas this was not the case for large-seeded species. For adult plants but not seedlings, community weighted functional trait means (CWM) for seed size, height, and LMA increased in plots with versus without bunchgrass competition and the CWM for seed size and height also increased at sites with greater bunchgrass productivity (for adults only). In contrast, rodent seed predation had no significant effects on CWM seed size.</p> <p>At the end of the experiment, adult abundance positively correlated with plant fecundity in plots lacking bunchgrass, indicating the inherent advantages accrued to high fecundity small-seeded species. However, with bunchgrass competition, abundances were equalized across species due to reduced competitive tolerance of high fecundity small-seeded species.</p> <p>Synthesis: Our results suggest that coexistence among subordinate forb species varying in seed size and fecundity is in-part due to a trade-off involving competitive tolerance and fecundity, mediated by seed size and associated functional traits.</p>
Results of "Sensitivity of Greenland ice sheet projections to spatial resolution in higher-order simulations: the AWI contribution to ISMIP6-Greenland using ISSM"
<p>This archive provides ice sheet model output produced as part of the publication:</p> <p>Rückamp, M., Goelzer, H., and Humbert, A.: Sensitivity of Greenland ice sheet projections to spatial resolution in higher-order simulations: the AWI contribution to ISMIP6-Greenland using ISSM, The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2019-329, in review, 2020.</p> <p>About the data:<br> The archive contains 4 tar-files for the 4 different resolutions. Each tar-file contains Matlab files for the dfferent scenarios. An examplary file structure looks as follows:</p> <p>results =</p> <p> struct with fields</p> <p>mesh_description: {'x=x_EPSG3413(m)' 'y=y_EPSG3413(m)'}<br> inputs_description: {'friction coefficient k^2 (s/m)' 'bedrock (m)'}<br> data_description: {1x13 cell}<br> mesh: [1x1 struct]<br> inputs: [1x1 struct]<br> data: [1x87 struct]<br> model_description: {'output from ISMIP6 AWI-ISSM, simulation: G4000 ctrl_proj, correspondence Martin Rueckamp (AWI): marin.rueckamp@awi.de'}<br> data_citation: {'Rückamp, M., Goelzer, H., and Humbert, A.: Results of "Sensitivity of Greenland ice sheet projections to spatial resolution in higher-order simulations: the AWI contribution to ISMIP6-Greenland using ISSM", Zenodo, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3992605, 2020.'}<br> model_citation: {'Rückamp, M., Goelzer, H., and Humbert, A.: Sensitivity of Greenland ice sheet projections to spatial resolution in higher-order simulations: the AWI contribution to ISMIP6-Greenland using ISSM, The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2019-329, in review, 2020.'}</p> <p>The fields results.[mesh,input,data]_description contain header information. The field results.mesh contains [x,y]-coordinates of the grid. The field results.inputs contains time-independent quantities such as bedrock. The field results.data contains results of the transient simulations, such as ice thickness or surface velocity. The fields results.[model,data]_citation contain information about data citation.</p>
Data from: Trait-based variation in host contribution to pathogen transmission across species and resource supplies
<p>Two key knowledge gaps currently limit the development of more predictive and general models of pathogen transmission: (1) the physiological basis of heterogeneity in host contribution to pathogen transmission (reservoir potential) remains poorly understood, and (2) a general means of integrating the ecological dynamics of host communities has yet to emerge. If the traits responsible for differences in reservoir potential also modulate host community dynamics, these traits could be used to predict pathogen transmission as host communities change. In two greenhouse experiments, across 23 host species and two levels of resource supply, the reservoir potential of plant hosts increased significantly along the Leaf Economic Spectrum, a global axis of plant physiological trait covariation that features prominently in models of plant community ecology. This indicates that the traits of the Leaf Economic Spectrum underlie broad differences in reservoir potential across host species and resource supplies. Therefore, host traits could be used to integrate epidemiological models of pathogen transmission with ecological models of host community change.</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.