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FIGURE 8 in A molecular phylogeny of the African plated lizards, genus Gerrhosaurus Wiegmann, 1828 (Squamata: Gerrhosauridae), with the description of two new genera

FIGURE 8. Lateral view of the head of a Gerrhosaurus nigrolineatus (PEM R20067) from Koutou base camp for Sintoukola Potash Project, Kouilou Province, Republic of the Congo. (Photo: M. Burger)

FIGURE 7. Gerrhosaurus intermedius from 9 in A molecular phylogeny of the African plated lizards, genus Gerrhosaurus Wiegmann, 1828 (Squamata: Gerrhosauridae), with the description of two new genera

FIGURE 7. Gerrhosaurus intermedius from 9 km south of Skukuza, Kruger National Park, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. (Photo: W.R. Schmidt)

FIGURE 3 in A molecular phylogeny of the African plated lizards, genus Gerrhosaurus Wiegmann, 1828 (Squamata: Gerrhosauridae), with the description of two new genera

FIGURE 3. Gerrhosaurus typus from Worcester Valley, Western Cape Province, South Africa. (Photo: A. de Villiers)

FIGURE 2. Young male Gerrhosaurus skoogi from about 20 in A molecular phylogeny of the African plated lizards, genus Gerrhosaurus Wiegmann, 1828 (Squamata: Gerrhosauridae), with the description of two new genera

FIGURE 2. Young male Gerrhosaurus skoogi from about 20 km north of Terrace Bay, Skeleton Coast, Namibia. (Photo:

FIGURE 5 in A molecular phylogeny of the African plated lizards, genus Gerrhosaurus Wiegmann, 1828 (Squamata: Gerrhosauridae), with the description of two new genera

FIGURE 5. Matobosaurus validus (NMB R10893) from Greater Kuduland Safaris, east of Tshipise, Limpopo Province, South Africa. (Photo: M. Burger)

FIGURE 8 in A new lizard of the Phymaturus genus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Sierra Grande, northeastern Patagonia, Argentina

FIGURE 8. Map of northern Patagonia showing the geographic distribution of the Phymaturus patagonicus species group. Large circles: type localities; small circles: additional populations of some species. White arrow: Phymaturus yachanana sp. nov. type locality. Main rivers are marked as reference. Inset: Region in South America.

FIGURE 4 in A new lizard of the Phymaturus genus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Sierra Grande, northeastern Patagonia, Argentina

FIGURE 4. Phymaturus yachanana sp. nov., dorsal and ventral view of the holotype (MLP.S 2636), in preservative.

FIGURE 1 in A new lizard of the Phymaturus genus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Sierra Grande, northeastern Patagonia, Argentina

FIGURE 1. Principal component analysis with residuals of continuous variables using SVL as regressor. Also shown confidence 95% ellipses around the species' individuals. References: B—black: Phymaturus yachanana sp nov., L—red: P. patagonicus, M—green: P. calcogaster.

FIGURE 7 in A new lizard of the Phymaturus genus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Sierra Grande, northeastern Patagonia, Argentina

FIGURE 7. Type locality of Phymaturus yachanana sp. nov. Upper: general view of the area. Below: close view of the common outcrops where lizards were collected, observed basking or hiding in crevices.

FIGURE 5 in A new lizard of the Phymaturus genus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Sierra Grande, northeastern Patagonia, Argentina

FIGURE 5. Posterior suprafemoral scales of: (A) Phymaturus yachanana sp. nov. (MLP.S 2636) strongly mucronate; (C) P. patagonicus (LJAMM-CNP 3205) few and moderately mucronate. Supratibial and pretibial scales of: (B) Phymaturus yachanana sp. nov. (MLP.S 2636) keeled and strongly mucronate; (D) P. patagonicus (LJAMM-CNP 3205) few and moderately mucronate.

FIGURE 2 in A new lizard of the Phymaturus genus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Sierra Grande, northeastern Patagonia, Argentina

FIGURE 2. Phymaturus yachanana sp. nov., dorsal and ventral view of the holotype (MLP.S 2636), from Sierra Grande Hills, San Antonio Department, Río Negro Province, Argentina.

FIGURE 13 in A new mountain lizard from Montes de León (NW Iberian Peninsula): Iberolacerta monticola astur ssp. nov. (Squamata: Lacertidae)

FIGURE 13. Comparison of the expected outcomes of four major geographic models of evolution. M = I. monticola s. str.; G = I. galani; NML = Iberolacerta monticola astur ssp. nov. from the Northern Montes de León. The three main cladogenetic events dated by mitochondrial markers are indicated by the width of the lines separating the populations. Block arrows indicate direction of gene flow after the initial separation of I. m. astur ssp. nov. Arrowheads within text boxes under each model mark the expected tendency (upward or downward) of the corresponding indicators of nuclear genetic divergence. Reference values of divergence, obtained from the observed data, are shown at the bottom of the figure.

FIGURE 9 in A new mountain lizard from Montes de León (NW Iberian Peninsula): Iberolacerta monticola astur ssp. nov. (Squamata: Lacertidae)

FIGURE 9. Specimens of I. monticola astur ssp. nov. from several localities across its distribution range: A.—Adult male in breeding period, with the typical green coloration. Note a typical disposition of scales in front of the masseteric plate. Salientes (Palacios del Sil, León)[loc. 2 in Fig. 1A]. B.—Ventral view of the same specimen of Fig.9 A. Throat and belly show greenish tinges, being in this later in a gradation from darker toward the sides to clearer in the middle. C.—A young male specimen of the vermiculated morph in breeding period. Greenish to brownish gray above. Salientes (Palacios del Sil, León) [loc. 2 in Fig. 1A]. D.—Ventral view of the same specimen as in C. E.—HOLOTYPUS (MNCN 44652). A brown colored male with eclipsed coloration in summer (probably also brown during the breeding period). Salientes (Palacios del Sil, León) [loc. 2 in Fig. 1A]. F.—Male from Sierra de las Tiendas (Murias de Paredes, León) [loc. 10 in Fig. 1A]. Eclipsed coloration still showing green coloration. G.—Male from Sierra de Villabandin (Murias de Paredes, León) [loc. 14 in Fig. 1A]. Summer (eclipsed) coloration. Moreover the animal is close to the molt and shows a very dark appearance due to the old skin. In this locality, NML-II haplotypes have been identified. However, these animals fall perfectly inside the morphological variability of the NML-I haplotype populations. H.—Hatchlings from Salientes (Palacios del Sil, León) [parents from loc. 2 in Fig. 1A]. Tail tips cut for genetic analysis.

FIGURE 1. A in A new mountain lizard from Montes de León (NW Iberian Peninsula): Iberolacerta monticola astur ssp. nov. (Squamata: Lacertidae)

FIGURE 1. A) General situation and localities of Iberolacerta monticola in the study area. Iberolacerta monticola s. str. occupies the main axis of the Cantabrian Range, north to the Luna and Sil rivers (inverted triangles), and I. m. astur ssp. nov. (round symbols) the Northern Montes de León, south to the abovementioned rivers. Localities of I. m. astur ssp. nov. are: 1.—Pico Nevadín and Braña de Peña Vendimia. 2.—La Poza del Puerto, Puerto del Portillin (=Alto de Vivero). 3.—Vivero. 4.—El Molar de Montrando, El Tambarón. 5.—Braña La Forcada, Pico de la Robeza, Peña Carnicera, Cerneya and Peñona de Brañalibrán. 6.—Peña de Valdiglesia. 7.—Alto de los Grillos. 8.—Catoute. 9.—Collado de Ocidiello and Pico Arcos del Agua (=Fernán Pérez). 10.—Sierra de las Tiendas. 11.—El Suspirón and Mortera de la Vieja. 12.—Los Bayos. 13.—Valdeloso Valley. 14.—Villabandin (Sierra de Villabandin, Southern Slopes) and 15.—Riolago de Babia (Sierra de Villabandin, northern slopes).

FIGURE 2 in A new mountain lizard from Montes de León (NW Iberian Peninsula): Iberolacerta monticola astur ssp. nov. (Squamata: Lacertidae)

FIGURE 2. Principal Components Analysis. Males. Bidimensional plot of the specimens scores. Triangle: BABIA (Northern slopes of Sierra de Villabandín; NML-II haplotype). Inverted triangles: SALIENTES (Nevadin-Tambarón-Catoute populations; NML-I haplotype). Crosses: TIENDAS & SUSPIRON (Sierra de las Tiendas and Suspiron peak; NML-II haplotype). Blades: VILLABANDIN (Sierra de Villabandín or La Cañada; NML-II haplotype). Despite to be significant, the two first axes had a very poor discriminative power, with only a 33.8 % of variance explained (see text for details) and show a considerable overlap of the NML-I specimens that are distributed overlapping with the main part of the other samples. The second axis seems to have a geo-climatic interpretation, separating in the positive part the most northern (oceanic influenced) samples (BABIA) and in the negative part the ones inhabiting the more continental and harsh climate areas facing to the Spanish Northern Plateau (Meseta) (VILLABANDIN -Southern slopes of the same Sierra de Villabandin-), BAYOS, TIENDAS and SUSPIRON. Note that BABIA (triangle symbol) specimens are geographical neighbors (in the northern slopes) of VILLABANDIN (blades symbol) (in the southern slopes), but appear totally opposite in the PCA, in accord with this bioclimatic influence in the scalation. These more continental climate populations show the greater values for most scalation characteristics and the smaller ones for Tympanic plate size.

FIGURE 8 in A new mountain lizard from Montes de León (NW Iberian Peninsula): Iberolacerta monticola astur ssp. nov. (Squamata: Lacertidae)

FIGURE 8. Three-dimensional representation of a Factorial Correspondence Analysis based on microsatellite genotypes of Iberolacerta monticola astur ssp. nov. individuals from the Northern Montes de León. The figure includes individuals of I. galani and I. monticola s. str. to be used as reference.

FIGURE 7 in A new mountain lizard from Montes de León (NW Iberian Peninsula): Iberolacerta monticola astur ssp. nov. (Squamata: Lacertidae)

FIGURE 7. Summary plot of estimated membership coefficients for each individual, in each cluster (Q). Each individual is represented by a single vertical line broken into k colored segments, with lengths proportional to each of the k inferred clusters. The numbers (1–4) correspond to the predefined populations.

FIGURE 3 in A new mountain lizard from Montes de León (NW Iberian Peninsula): Iberolacerta monticola astur ssp. nov. (Squamata: Lacertidae)

FIGURE 3. Principal Components Analysis. Females. Symbols as in Fig. 2. As in males, it is significant but also has a poor discrimination of the specimens into differentiated samples. The two axes together reach 32.3 % of variability explained (Fist axis: Eigenvalue of 2.91 and 17.14 % variance; Second axis 2.57 (15.14 % of variability), which is a very poor discriminative result. As in the male analysis, SALIENTES samples overlap with all the other ones, not allowing discriminating among groups or any geographic or climatic interpretation of the axes.

FIGURE 5 in A new mountain lizard from Montes de León (NW Iberian Peninsula): Iberolacerta monticola astur ssp. nov. (Squamata: Lacertidae)

FIGURE 5. Canonical Discriminant Analysis. Females. First axis has two thirds of the total variability (Eigenvalue=1.3796; 69 % variance; Canonical Correlation 0.76) whereas the second one had the remaining one third (eigenvalue 0.6169, 31 % variance; Canonical Correlation 0.61). The female analysis presents less overlap among samples than the male analysis. The first axis separates I. galani in its positive part from I. monticola s. str. and I.m. astur ssp. nov. in its negative part. The second axis separates I.m. astur ssp. nov. in its positive part from the other two taxa. Discriminant axes obtained an 80.7 % of correct reclassification. Contrary to the male analysis, the I. m. astur ssp. nov. centroid is closer to the centroid of I. monticola than to the centroid of I. galani.

FIGURE 4 in A new mountain lizard from Montes de León (NW Iberian Peninsula): Iberolacerta monticola astur ssp. nov. (Squamata: Lacertidae)

FIGURE 4. Canonical Discriminant Analysis. Males. Projection of the first two axes. First axis: Eigenvalue=0.958; 70.6 % variance explained; Canonical Correlation 0.70. Second axis: Eigenvalue=0.39; 29.4 % variance explained; Canonical Correlation 0.53. Both axes are significant and configure a bidimensional space with moderate overlap among the three taxa. The first axis separates I. monticola s. str. in its negative part from I. m. astur ssp. nov. and I. galani in the positive one. The second axis separates I. m. astur ssp. nov. from the other two taxa. These discriminant axes obtain a 78.3 % of correct reclassification. Iberolacerta galani and I. m. astur ssp. nov. centroids are the closest in the males bidimensional space, thus, their males are more similar in our analysis.