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Fig. 10 in The Australian issid planthopper genus Orinda Kirkaldy, 1907: New subgenera, new species, host plant and identification key (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae)

Fig. 10. Habitat and host plant of Orinda (Montorinda) montana sp. nov., Mount Walsh National Park, 14 Dec. 2019. A. Mount Walsh as seen from the car park. B. Landscape on the top of Mount Walsh with shrubs growing between the rocks. C. Host plant, Grevillea whiteana Mc Gill. (Proteaceae). D–E. Host plant, G. whiteana, detail.

Fig. 9 in The Australian issid planthopper genus Orinda Kirkaldy, 1907: New subgenera, new species, host plant and identification key (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae)

Fig. 9. Orinda (Montorinda) montana sp. nov., Ô, holotype (QM), terminalia. A–D. Pygofer, anal tube and gonostyli. A. Left lateral view. B. Left posterolateral view. C. Posterior view. D. Dorsal view. E–L. Aedeagus. E. Left lateral view. F. Posterior view. G. Left laterodorsal view. H. Left lateroventral view. I. Dorsal view. J. Anterodorsal view. K. Aedeagus posteroventral view. L. Ventral view. Abbreviations: see Material and methods.

Fig. 8 in The Australian issid planthopper genus Orinda Kirkaldy, 1907: New subgenera, new species, host plant and identification key (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae)

Fig. 8. Orinda (Montorinda) montana sp. nov., ♀, paratype (QM). A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, ventral view. C. Habitus, lateral view. D. Posterior wing. E. Habitus, anterolateral view. F. Habitus, perpendicular view of frons. G. Left posterior leg, apical half of tibia and tarsus, ventral view.

Fig. 1 in The Australian issid planthopper genus Orinda Kirkaldy, 1907: New subgenera, new species, host plant and identification key (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae)

Fig. 1. Orinda (Montorinda) eungellana sp. nov., Ô, holotype (QM). A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, ventral view. C. Habitus, lateral view. D. Posterior wing. E. Habitus, anterolateral view. F. Habitus, perpendicular view of frons. G. Left posterior leg, apical half of tibia and tarsus, ventral view.

Fig. 4 in The Australian issid planthopper genus Orinda Kirkaldy, 1907: New subgenera, new species, host plant and identification key (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae)

Fig. 4. Orinda (Montorinda) spp., adeagus of holotypes. A–B. O. (Montorinda) eungellana sp. nov. A. Left lateral view. B. Posterior view. C–D. O. (Montorinda) montana sp. nov. C. Left lateral view. D. Posterior view.

Fig. 3 in The Australian issid planthopper genus Orinda Kirkaldy, 1907: New subgenera, new species, host plant and identification key (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae)

Fig. 3. Orinda (Montorinda) eungellana sp. nov., Ô, holotype (QM), terminalia. A–D. Pygofer, anal tube and gonostyli. A. Left lateral view. B. Left posterolateral view. C. Posterior view. D. Dorsal view. E–L. Aedeagus. E. Left lateral view. F. Posterior view. G. Left laterodorsal view. H. Left lateroventral view. I. Dorsal view. J. Anterodorsal view. K. Posteroventral view. L. Ventral view. Abbreviations: see Material and methods.

Bottom-up effects of apple cultivars on parasitoids via aphid hosts

Variability of intraspecific host plant quality for phytophagous insects may have consequences on the structure and functioning of associated food webs. The quality of host plants can affect aphids fitness, influencing their life history traits and altering the nutritional resources available to higher trophic levels, potentially affecting the development of solitary parasitoids.  Here, we assessed the potential bottom-up effects of intraspecific variability amongst three cultivars (Gala, Ariane and Greensleeves) of the domesticated apple tree (Malus domestica) with putative resistance towards the rosy apple aphid (Dysaphis plantaginea) on the aphid’s performance, and its cascading effects on the parasitoid Ephedrus cerasicola. We measured aphid pre-reproductive period, lipid and water contents, and recorded their feeding behavior using the electropenetrography technique. Parasitoid developmental duration, sex ratio, hind tibia size and female egg load were measured and used to evaluate E. cerasicola performance according to the cultivar on which their aphid hosts had been reared. Only the development time of parasitoids was found to be longer on Ariane and Green Sleeves cultivars than on the Gala cultivar. Aphid feeding behavior variables related to phloem consumption were negatively impacted on apple tree cultivars on which the development time of parasitoids had been reduced. We discuss in what way cultivar quality can be an important component of tritrophic interactions: the resistant Ariane and Green Sleeves cultivars negatively impacted the aphids but appeared to have limited bottom-up effects on the parasitoids.

openmit-licenseOct 2023View details →

Ancient diversity in host-parasite interaction genes in a model parasitic nematode

Files associated with the "Ancient diversity in host-parasite interaction genes in a model parasitic nematode" manuscript.  VCF files: HB1_vs_nxHelBake1.biallelic_noRefCall.qual.repeat_filtered.vcf.gz HB2_vs_nxHelBake1.biallelic_noRefCall.qual.repeat_filtered.vcf.gz HB3_vs_nxHelBake1.biallelic_noRefCall.qual.repeat_filtered.vcf.gz HP1_vs_ngHelPoly1.biallelic_noRefCall.qual.repeat_filtered.vcf.gz HP2_vs_ngHelPoly1.biallelic_noRefCall.qual.repeat_filtered.vcf.gz H. mixtum genome assemblies: Hm16_merged_spades_scaffolds.fa.gz Hm2_merged_spades_scaffolds.fa.gz Strongylomorph phylogeny: Strongylomorph_phylogeny_18Jan2023_20spp_511orthos.astral.nwk.gz Gene annotation files: ngHelPoly1.1.primary.final_annotations.cds.fa.gz ngHelPoly1.1.primary.final_annotations.gff3.gz ngHelPoly1.1.primary.final_annotations.proteins.fa.gz nxHelBake1.1.primary.final_annotations.cds.fa.gz nxHelBake1.1.primary.final_annotations.gff3.gz nxHelBake1.1.primary.final_annotations.proteins.fa.gz Curated repeat libraries: ngHelPoly1.1.repeats.01062023.fa.gz nxHelBake1.1.repeats.01062023.fa.gz Assembled transcripts: ngHelPoly1_hq_transcripts.fa.gz nxHelBake1_hq_transcripts.fa.gz

dryad40/100

Susceptible and infectious states for both vector and host in a dynamic pathogen-vector-host system

Deformed wing virus (DWV) is a resurgent insect pathogen of honey bees that is efficiently transmitted by vectors and through host social contact. Continual transmission of DWV between hosts and vectors is required to maintain the pathogen within the population, and this vector-host-pathogen system offers unique disease transmission dynamics for pathogen maintenance between vectors and a social host. In a series of experiments, we measured vector-vector, host-host and host-vector transmission routes and show how these maintain DWV in honey bee populations. We found co-infestations on shared hosts allowed for movement of DWV from mite to mite. Additionally, two social behaviors of the honey bee, trophallaxis and cannibalization of pupae, provide routes for horizontal transmission from bee to bee. Circulation of the virus solely amongst hosts through communicable modes provides a reservoir of DWV for naïve Varroa to acquire and subsequently vector the pathogen. Our findings illustrate the importance of community transmission between hosts and vector transmission. We use these results to highlight the key avenues used by DWV during maintenance and infection and point to similarities with a handful of other infectious diseases of zoonotic and medical importance.

opencc-zeroOct 2023View details →

Figure 8 Relationship between host parasitism rate and mean parasitoid load per host. Each data point represents 1 in Infection behavior, life history, and host parasitism rates of Emblemasoma erro (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), an acoustically hunting parasitoid of the cicada Tibicen dorsatus (Hemiptera: Cicadidae)

Figure 8 Relationship between host parasitism rate and mean parasitoid load per host. Each data point represents 1 year of host population sampling data for a single study site. The solid line (blue in the color figure) represents the linear regression model for the data.

Figure 5 in Infection behavior, life history, and host parasitism rates of Emblemasoma erro (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), an acoustically hunting parasitoid of the cicada Tibicen dorsatus (Hemiptera: Cicadidae)

Figure 5 Relationship of effective clutch size and temperature to larval residence time. Each data point represents the mean residence time of the parasitoid larvae inside a single host cicada along with the effective clutch size (number of larvae emerging from the host) and the mean air temperature experienced by the host during parasitoid development. The planar surface represents the multiple linear regression model of the effects of temperature and effective clutch size on larval residence time. Lines connected to the data points indicate the vertical distance of each data point from the regression surface (i.e., the residuals).

Figure 4 in Infection behavior, life history, and host parasitism rates of Emblemasoma erro (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), an acoustically hunting parasitoid of the cicada Tibicen dorsatus (Hemiptera: Cicadidae)

Figure 4 Larviposition by E. erro. A first-instar larva of E. erro on the right fore wing of a T. dorsatus moments after larviposition (larva indicated by blue arrow). The cicada's head and foreleg are at top center.

Figure 3 in Infection behavior, life history, and host parasitism rates of Emblemasoma erro (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), an acoustically hunting parasitoid of the cicada Tibicen dorsatus (Hemiptera: Cicadidae)

Figure 3 Locations of study sites. Filled circles indicate the primary sites used for estimating host parasitism rates, and open circles indicate secondary sites used for additional collections of cicadas and flies. Primary sites are referenced in the text by the counties in which they were located: 1) Harvey Co., 2) McPherson Co., 3) Reno Co., 4) Ellsworth Co., 5) Hamilton Co., and 6) Prowers Co. Both T. dorsatus and E. erro were found at all 11 sites. The inset map indicates the location of the main map in the United States.

Figure 6 in Infection behavior, life history, and host parasitism rates of Emblemasoma erro (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), an acoustically hunting parasitoid of the cicada Tibicen dorsatus (Hemiptera: Cicadidae)

Figure 6 Emergence of E. erro from its host. A mature larva of E. erro emerges from between the left operculum and the abdomen of a deceased male T. dorsatus from Prowers Co., CO.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2023View details →

Supplementary data to 'The origin and differentiation of CO2-rich primary melts in Ocean Island volcanoes: Integrating 3D X-ray tomography with chemical microanalysis of olivine-hosted melt inclusions from Pico (Azores).'

Supplementary data to:<blockquote>The origin and differentiation of CO2-rich primary melts in Ocean Island volcanoes: Integrating 3D X-ray tomography with chemical microanalysis of olivine-hosted melt inclusions from Pico (Azores).</blockquote>