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text-fig. 28. Sacra of theropod dinosaurs, illustrating different states for character 116. a, sacrum and ilium of Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis in lateral view; the shaded area indicates the attachment area of the very massive sacral ribs on the medial side of the ilium; modified from Novas (1993). B, sacrum and ilia of Syntarsus rhodesiensis in dorsal view, showing the almost continuous sheet of bone formed by the sacral ribs between the sacrum and the iliac blades; based on Raath (1990) and QG1. Abbreviations: ib, iliac blade; il, ilium; ns: neural spine; SI, S2, sacral vertebrae; sac, supraacetabular crest; sr, sacral ribs; st, spine table. Scale bars represent 50 mm. in The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs
text-fig. 28. Sacra of theropod dinosaurs, illustrating different states for character 116. a, sacrum and ilium of Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis in lateral view; the shaded area indicates the attachment area of the very massive sacral ribs on the medial side of the ilium; modified from Novas (1993). B, sacrum and ilia of Syntarsus rhodesiensis in dorsal view, showing the almost continuous sheet of bone formed by the sacral ribs between the sacrum and the iliac blades; based on Raath (1990) and QG1. Abbreviations: ib, iliac blade; il, ilium; ns: neural spine; SI, S2, sacral vertebrae; sac, supraacetabular crest; sr, sacral ribs; st, spine table. Scale bars represent 50 mm.
text-fig. 59. Consensus cladogram of theropod relationships, showing relationships between several theropod taxa common to all recent cladistic analyses. Possible phylogenetic positions of several important problematic taxa are also indicated. in The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs
text-fig. 59. Consensus cladogram of theropod relationships, showing relationships between several theropod taxa common to all recent cladistic analyses. Possible phylogenetic positions of several important problematic taxa are also indicated.
text-fig. 58. Diagrams showing how character distribution in a cladogram indicates gaps in the fossil record, a, arrangement of three taxa in a cladogram; synapomorphies a-f support the monophyly of the clade (B-C). B, if gradual acquisition of characters is assumed, several taxa must be missing in the phylogeny between taxon A and clade (B-C). The number of taxa missing is positively (though not necessarily linearly) correlated with the number of synapomorphies that diagnose any given node. in The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs
text-fig. 58. Diagrams showing how character distribution in a cladogram indicates gaps in the fossil record, a, arrangement of three taxa in a cladogram; synapomorphies a-f support the monophyly of the clade (B-C). B, if gradual acquisition of characters is assumed, several taxa must be missing in the phylogeny between taxon A and clade (B-C). The number of taxa missing is positively (though not necessarily linearly) correlated with the number of synapomorphies that diagnose any given node.
text-fig. 53. Strict consensus tree resulting from the analysis of the pruned data matrix with 51 taxa. Numbers at the nodes indicate bootstrap support values in branches that have more than 50 per cent support. The consensus tree is based on 5544 trees of 652 steps (CI 0-42, RI 0-748, RCI 0-314). in The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs
text-fig. 53. Strict consensus tree resulting from the analysis of the pruned data matrix with 51 taxa. Numbers at the nodes indicate bootstrap support values in branches that have more than 50 per cent support. The consensus tree is based on 5544 trees of 652 steps (CI 0-42, RI 0-748, RCI 0-314).
text-fig. 9. Theropod skulls in dorsal view showing different character states of several cranial characters. Character state indication as in Text-figure 7. A, Syntarsus rhodesiensis; modified from Raath (1977, figured in Colbert 1989). B, Ceratosaurus nasicomis', based on Marsh (1896), Gilmore (1920) and USNM 4735. c, generalized ornithomimosaur; based mainly on Gallimimus bullatus, figured in Osmólska et al. (1972), with some modifications based on Ornithomimus sp. (MP 90.26.1). D, Velociraptor mongoliensis\ redrawn from Barsbold and Osmólska (1999). Abbreviations as in ext-figures 4-6, and: g, groove; nh, nasal horn; pnf, postnasal fenestra; pop, paroccipital process; sc, saggital crest. Scale bars represent 50 mm (a, c-d) and 100 mm (b). in The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs
text-fig. 9. Theropod skulls in dorsal view showing different character states of several cranial characters. Character state indication as in Text-figure 7. A, Syntarsus rhodesiensis; modified from Raath (1977, figured in Colbert 1989). B, Ceratosaurus nasicomis', based on Marsh (1896), Gilmore (1920) and USNM 4735. c, generalized ornithomimosaur; based mainly on Gallimimus bullatus, figured in Osmólska et al. (1972), with some modifications based on Ornithomimus sp. (MP 90.26.1). D, Velociraptor mongoliensis\ redrawn from Barsbold and Osmólska (1999). Abbreviations as in ext-figures 4-6, and: g, groove; nh, nasal horn; pnf, postnasal fenestra; pop, paroccipital process; sc, saggital crest. Scale bars represent 50 mm (a, c-d) and 100 mm (b).
text-fig. 14. Theropod skull reconstructions in lateral view showing different character states of characters 42,44, 51, and 70. For sources of reconstructions and identifications of the elements, see Text-figures 4-6. a, Eoraptor lunensis. B, Ceratosaurus sp. c, generalized baryonychid. Dashed lines indicate levels of quadrate-squamosal articulation (wide dash) and mandibular joint (narrow dash); strong line indicates posterior end of tooth row. Scale bars represent 50 mm (a) and 100 mm (b-c). in The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs
text-fig. 14. Theropod skull reconstructions in lateral view showing different character states of characters 42,44, 51, and 70. For sources of reconstructions and identifications of the elements, see Text-figures 4-6. a, Eoraptor lunensis. B, Ceratosaurus sp. c, generalized baryonychid. Dashed lines indicate levels of quadrate-squamosal articulation (wide dash) and mandibular joint (narrow dash); strong line indicates posterior end of tooth row. Scale bars represent 50 mm (a) and 100 mm (b-c).
text-fig. 7. Outgroup (a) and theropod (b-g) skull reconstructions in lateral view showing different character states of several cranial characters. For sources of reconstructions and identifications of the bones see Text-figures 4-6. a, Euparkeria capensis. B, Syntarsus rhodesiensis. c, Ceratosaurus sp. D, Allosaurus fragilis. E, Gorgosaurus libratus. F, Velociraptor mongoliensis. Character state indications in this and all following illustrations are as follows: numbers refer to characters discussed in the text; the first number indicates the number of the character, the second the character state. Scale bars represent 10 mm (a-b), 50 mm (f-g) and 100 mm (c-e). in The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs
text-fig. 7. Outgroup (a) and theropod (b-g) skull reconstructions in lateral view showing different character states of several cranial characters. For sources of reconstructions and identifications of the bones see Text-figures 4-6. a, Euparkeria capensis. B, Syntarsus rhodesiensis. c, Ceratosaurus sp. D, Allosaurus fragilis. E, Gorgosaurus libratus. F, Velociraptor mongoliensis. Character state indications in this and all following illustrations are as follows: numbers refer to characters discussed in the text; the first number indicates the number of the character, the second the character state. Scale bars represent 10 mm (a-b), 50 mm (f-g) and 100 mm (c-e).
text-fig. 15. Occipital views of the skulls of a basal ornithischian (a) and two theropods (b-c), illustrating different character states for several cranial characters, a, basal ornithischian Lesothosaurus diagnostic^-, redrawn from Sereno (19916)- B, Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis; redrawn from Sereno and Novas (1993). c, Allosaurusfragilis (braincase only); based on BYU Mes 5583. Abbreviations: boc, basioccipital; bsp, basisphenoid; bt, basal tuber; eo, exoccipital; f, frontal; fm, foramen magnum; itf, infratemporal fenestra; oc, occipital condyle; pa, parietal; po, postorbital; pop, paroccipital process; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; qf, quadrate foramen; qj, quadratojugal; soc, supraoccipital; socw, supraoccipital wedge; sq, squamosal; vcd, foramen for the entrance of the vena capitis dorsalis. Dashed lines indicate the level of the dorsal margin of the occipital condyle (wide dash) and the level of the bases of the paroccipital processes (narrow dash). Scale bars represent 10 mm (a) and 50 mm (b-c). in The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs
text-fig. 15. Occipital views of the skulls of a basal ornithischian (a) and two theropods (b-c), illustrating different character states for several cranial characters, a, basal ornithischian Lesothosaurus diagnostic^-, redrawn from Sereno (19916)- B, Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis; redrawn from Sereno and Novas (1993). c, Allosaurusfragilis (braincase only); based on BYU Mes 5583. Abbreviations: boc, basioccipital; bsp, basisphenoid; bt, basal tuber; eo, exoccipital; f, frontal; fm, foramen magnum; itf, infratemporal fenestra; oc, occipital condyle; pa, parietal; po, postorbital; pop, paroccipital process; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; qf, quadrate foramen; qj, quadratojugal; soc, supraoccipital; socw, supraoccipital wedge; sq, squamosal; vcd, foramen for the entrance of the vena capitis dorsalis. Dashed lines indicate the level of the dorsal margin of the occipital condyle (wide dash) and the level of the bases of the paroccipital processes (narrow dash). Scale bars represent 10 mm (a) and 50 mm (b-c).
TEXT-FIGURE 3. Scatterplots of morphometric measurements of Thecidellina leipnitzae sp. nov. Abbreviations: L, length; W, width; LDV, length of dorsal valve; T (max), maximal thickness; Lint, length of the interarea, Wint, width of hinge line or interarea. Relationships between ratios L/W and width, LDV/W and width, T(max)/W and width, Lint/W and width and Wint/W and width. Linear regression and regression coefficient (R²) indicated. The regression coefficient (R²) is indicated. N is the number of specimens measured. in Recent thecideide brachiopods from a submarine cave in the Department of Mayotte (France), northern Mozambique Channel
TEXT-FIGURE 3. Scatterplots of morphometric measurements of Thecidellina leipnitzae sp. nov. Abbreviations: L, length; W, width; LDV, length of dorsal valve; T (max), maximal thickness; Lint, length of the interarea, Wint, width of hinge line or interarea. Relationships between ratios L/W and width, LDV/W and width, T(max)/W and width, Lint/W and width and Wint/W and width. Linear regression and regression coefficient (R²) indicated. The regression coefficient (R²) is indicated. N is the number of specimens measured.
Table S.4 - List of the indicator species obtained from the 10,000 SDMs analysis
<p>Oteiza, M (2019). Table S.4 - List of the indicator species obtained from the 10,000 SDMs analysis. MSc Thesis. Universidad Internacional Menéndez Pelayo</p>
Table S.5 - List of the indicator species obtained from the 1,000 SDMs analysis
<p>Oteiza, M (2019). Table S.5 - List of the indicator species obtained from the 1,000 SDMs analysis. MSc Thesis. Universidad Internacional Menéndez Pelayo</p>
FIGURE 3. Ultrametric tree showing focal groups. Node bars indicate 95 in Diversification in the mountains: a generic reappraisal of the Western Ghats endemic gecko genus Dravidogecko Smith, 1933 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) with descriptions of six new species
FIGURE 3. Ultrametric tree showing focal groups. Node bars indicate 95% HPD. Slant arrow indicates the point of divergence between Dravidogecko and Hemidactylus. Key geological events are indicated on the timeline: KT- Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary, IA-India's collision with Laurasia.
Dataset of Middle Indic Past-Referring Verbs
<p>Dataset containing 401 past-referring verb forms extracted from four texts in two Middle Indic languages, Pāli and Jaina-Māhārāṣṭrī.</p>
INDICATORS TO DISTINGUISH SYMPTOM ACCENTUATORS FROM SYMPTOM PRODUCERS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH A DIAGNOSED ADJUSTMENT DISORDER: A PILOT STUDY ON INCONSISTENCY SUBTYPES USING SIMS AND MMPI-2-RF
<p>In the context of legal damage evaluations, evaluees may exaggerate or simulate symptoms in an attempt to obtain greater economic compensation. To date, practitioners and researchers have focused on detecting malingering behavior as an exclusively unitary construct. However, we argue that there are two types of inconsistent behavior that speak to possible malingering—accentuating (i.e., exaggerating symptoms that are actually experienced) and simulating (i.e., fabricating symptoms entirely)—each with its own unique attributes; thus, it is necessary to distinguish between them. The aim of the present study was to identify objective indicators to differentiate symptom accentuators from symptom producers and consistent participants. </p>
Fig. 2 in Absence of co-phylogeny indicates repeated diatom capture in dinophytes hosting a tertiary endosymbiont
Fig. 2 Polyphyletic endosymbionts of Durinskia, Galeidinium and Kryptoperidinium with closest relatives among free-ranging diatoms. Maximum likelihood (ML) tree (−ln = 14,945) of all 77 Bacillariaceae operational taxonomic units available, derived from the comparison of concatenated rRNA and plastid sequences. Highlighted endosymbiont taxa were scattered along up to ten only distantly related lineages over the Bacillariaceae phylogeny. Note that accessions of neither Durinskia nor Kryptoperidinium constituted monophyletic groups. Within such lineages, endosymbionts were usually closer related to free-ranging diatoms than to other endosymbionts (though statistical support was not always high). Some endosymbionts were phylogenetically isolated from free-living diatoms exhibiting long branches (e.g. D. kwazulunatalensis N.Yamada, Sym & T.Horig., D. oculata and G. rugatum Tam. & T.Horig.). Branch lengths are drawn to scale, with the scale bar indicating the number of nt substitutions per site. The numbers on the branches are statistical support values (ML bootstrap values, values <50 are not shown, posterior probabilities below branches, values <90 are not shown; asterisks indicate maximal support)
Fig. 1 in Absence of co-phylogeny indicates repeated diatom capture in dinophytes hosting a tertiary endosymbiont
Fig. 1 Polyphyletic endosymbionts of freshwater Unruhdinium with closest relatives among free-ranging diatoms. Maximum likelihood (ML) tree (−ln = 21,700) of all 37 Stephanodiscaceae operational taxonomic units available, derived from the comparison of concatenated rRNA and plastid sequences. Endosymbiont taxa are highlighted. Note that we did not observe any contradictory tree topologies between separated analyses of nuclear and plastid loci (not shown). Endosymbionts of Unruhdinium segregated into two distinct lineages. Four identical sequences of different U. penardii (Lemmerm.) Gottschling strains clustered together (94LBS, .98BPP) and built a well-supported (99LBS, 1.00BPP) sister group relationship with free-living Discostella nipponica (Skvortzov) A.Tuji & D.M.Williams (strain TNS:AL-5776). A second lineage (100LBS, 1.00BPP) did not include endosymbiont sequences of U. cf. kevei (G.X.Liu & Z.Y.Hu) Gottschling and U. jiulongense (H. Gu) Gottschling only, but also those of the free-living strains L435 and LO4-2. All sequences of this lineage were nearly identical. Branch lengths are drawn to scale, with the scale bar indicating the number of nt substitutions per site. The numbers on the branches are statistical support values (ML bootstrap values, values <50 are not shown, posterior probabilities below branches, values <90 are not shown; asterisks indicate maximal support)
Fig. 8 in Integrated evidence sheds light on the taxonomy of the widespread Tantilla melanocephala species complex (Serpentes: Colubridae) and indicates the existence of a new species from southern South America
Fig. 8 Overview of South American Tantilla species. a T. selmae; b T. boipiranga; c T. melanocephala, Surinam pattern (above), Brazilian Cerrado pattern (middle), and transAndean pattern (bellow); d T. capistrata; e T. petersi. Illustrations by Lucas Kias
Fig. 4 in Integrated evidence sheds light on the taxonomy of the widespread Tantilla melanocephala species complex (Serpentes: Colubridae) and indicates the existence of a new species from southern South America
Fig. 4 Boxplots for selected variables based on the dataset D1, demonstrating the morphological differences among OTUs of the Tantilla melanocephala complex. Number of ventral scales in (a) females and (b) males; number of subcaudal scales in (c) females and (d) males. The thin (red) horizontal line within the box indicates the mean; the thick (black) horizontal line within the box indicates the median; the open circles are data points
Fig. 5 in Integrated evidence sheds light on the taxonomy of the widespread Tantilla melanocephala species complex (Serpentes: Colubridae) and indicates the existence of a new species from southern South America
Fig. 5 Specimens of Tantilla melanocephala complex from Brazil. a T. aff. melanocephala 1 from Bagé, RS, Brazil, IBSP 91713; b T. boipiranga from Morro do Pilar, MG, Brazil, IBSP 79060; c T. cf. melanocephala from Atibaia, SP, Brazil, IBSP 19376; d T. cf. melanocephala from Palmas, TO, Brazil, IBSP 65185; e T. cf. melanocephala from Aquidauana, MS, Brazil, IBSP 26757; f T. melanocephala from Belém, PA, Brazil, IBSP 15047
Fig. 7 in Integrated evidence sheds light on the taxonomy of the widespread Tantilla melanocephala species complex (Serpentes: Colubridae) and indicates the existence of a new species from southern South America
Fig. 7 Holotype of Tantilla selmae (IBSP 92724). Head views on the (a) dorsal, (b) right lateral, (c) left lateral, and (d) ventral. Body views on the (e) dorsal and (f) ventral. Horizontal scale bar: 2 mm. Vertical scale bar: 10 mm
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.