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Figure 58 in Etudes on iurids, II. Revision of genus Calchas Birula, 1899, with the description of two new species (Scorpiones: Iuridae)

Figure 58: Turkey, Gaziantep Province, Birecik, 500 m, a.s. l., 37°01.185'N, 37°59.348'E, ca. 15–20 km from the Syrian border. Collection locality of adult male paratype (FKCP) of Calchas birulai, sp. nov. (see Fig. 57), together with Compsobuthus matthiesseni and Mesobuthus eupeus.

Figure 24 in A new trichobothrial character for the high-level systematics of Buthoidea (Scorpiones: Buthida)

Figure 24: Cladogram showing majority-rule consensus of 9 MPTs for upper-level phylogeny of superfamily Buthoidea with characters distributed. Assumes character-2 (trichobothrium d3 position with respect to DMc carina) as unknown (?) for Pseudochactas. Six partially defined clades are identified by the name of the group of genera (see Fig. 23 for group contents and character definitions). Characters 3 and 4 are ordered. Ambiguous character distribution is identified with the A(CCTRAN) or D(ELTRAN) designation. Consensus tree support (a percentage) is presented under branch. Open rectangles depict homoplasious characters. Character number depicted on top and character state on bottom.

Figure 57 in Etudes on iurids, II. Revision of genus Calchas Birula, 1899, with the description of two new species (Scorpiones: Iuridae)

Figure 57: Calchas birulai, sp. nov., dorsal and ventral views. Adult male paratype (FKCP) (22 mm), Birecik, Turkey.

Figure 56 in Etudes on iurids, II. Revision of genus Calchas Birula, 1899, with the description of two new species (Scorpiones: Iuridae)

Figure 56: Calchas birulai, sp. nov., dorsal and ventral views. Adult female paratype (FKCP) (24 mm), Nemrut Dağı, Turkey.

Figure 54 in Etudes on iurids, II. Revision of genus Calchas Birula, 1899, with the description of two new species (Scorpiones: Iuridae)

Figure 54: Trichobothrial pattern of Calchas birulai, sp. nov., male holotype (NMW), Mardin, Turkey.

Figures 44–53 in Etudes on iurids, II. Revision of genus Calchas Birula, 1899, with the description of two new species (Scorpiones: Iuridae)

Figures 44–53: Calchas birulai, sp. nov. 44–50. Male holotype (NMW), Mardin, Turkey. 44. Carapace showing close-up of lateral eyes. 45. Leg IV (left, ventral view), showing the tibial spur. 46. Stigma IV. 47. Sternum, genital operculum, and pectines. 48. Chelal fixed and movable finger dentition. 49. Telson and metasomal segments IV–V, lateral view. 50. Metasomal segment V and telson, ventral view. 51–52. Female paratype (NMW), Mardin, Turkey. 51. Telson, ventral view. 52. Sternum, genital operculum, prepectinal plate, and pectines. 53. Female paratype (HNHM), Kavurma Köyü, Diyarbakır Province, Turkey. Chelicerae, ventral and dorsal views.

Figure 42 in Etudes on iurids, II. Revision of genus Calchas Birula, 1899, with the description of two new species (Scorpiones: Iuridae)

Figure 42: Large-scale range of confirmed localities of Calchas birulai, sp. nov. (open circles). See general Calchas map in Fig. 38.

Figure 76 in Etudes on iurids, II. Revision of genus Calchas Birula, 1899, with the description of two new species (Scorpiones: Iuridae)

Figure 76: Part of scorpion collection in Naturhistorisches Museum Wien (NMW), curated by Dr. Jürgen Gruber (1999).

Figure 40 in Etudes on iurids, II. Revision of genus Calchas Birula, 1899, with the description of two new species (Scorpiones: Iuridae)

Figure 40: Calchas nordmanni, dorsal view (specimens dried). Left. Adult female (43 mm), Demirkent – Tortum, Turkey. Right. Adult female (45 mm), Demirkent – Tortum, Turkey.

Figure 55 in Etudes on iurids, II. Revision of genus Calchas Birula, 1899, with the description of two new species (Scorpiones: Iuridae)

Figure 55: Right hemispermatophore of Calchas birulai, sp. nov., male holotype (NMW), Mardin, Turkey. Ventral view and close-up of capsular area showing the truncated distal tip of the acuminate process.

Figure 39 in Etudes on iurids, II. Revision of genus Calchas Birula, 1899, with the description of two new species (Scorpiones: Iuridae)

Figure 39: Large-scale range of Calchas nordmanni, white circles. See general Calchas map in Fig. 38.

Figures 2–3 in Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part II. Bushehr Province

Figures 2–3: Iran, Bushehr Province. 2. Tangestan, Ahram, 28°51'45"N 51°20'50"E, 123 m a.s.l. (Locality No. Bu-36). Recorded occurence of Compsobuthus persicus sp. n., Hottentotta saulcyi (Simon, 1880), Mesobuthus eupeus phillipsii (Pocock, 1889), Orthochirus farzanpayi (Vachon et Farzanpay, 1987), Razianus zarudnyi (Birula, 1903), and Hemiscorpius lepturus Peters, 1861. 3. Dayer road, village, 26°28'12"N 51°07'40"E, 405 m a.s.l. (Locality No. Bu-21). Recorded occurence of Mesobuthus eupeus phillipsii (Pocock, 1889).

Figure 37 in Etudes on iurids, II. Revision of genus Calchas Birula, 1899, with the description of two new species (Scorpiones: Iuridae)

Figure 37: Key morphometric ratio differences in species of Calchas based on 28 sets of measurements. Top. Metasomal segment V proportions (length/width) show that metasomal segment V is considerably more slender in C. nordmanni than in the other two species, exhibiting considerable standard error as well as absolute range separation. Differences in mean values between C. nordmanni and the other two species, male|female, is as follows: C. birulai = 24.2 %| 27.1 %, C. gruberi = 27.4 %|23.8 %. Bottom. Telson proportions (telson length / vesicle length) show that species C. nordmanni and C. birulai have a longer vesicle than that seen in C. gruberi. The mean value differences between C. gruberi and the other two species (combined) is 13.8 % male and 16.2 % female. Also of interest in both sets of ratios, we see that the differences between the genders across species are negligible.

Figures 13-22 in A new trichobothrial character for the high-level systematics of Buthoidea (Scorpiones: Buthida)

Figures 13-22: Pedipalp patella, dorsal view, showing the alignment of trichobothrium d3 with respect to the dorsomedian (DMc) carina. In these figures, d3 is situated external to the DMc carina. 13. Lychas sp. 14. Isometrus maculatus. 15. Grosphus hirtus. 16. Parabuthus sp. 17. Uroplectes vittatus. 18. Microcharmus hauseri, holotype. 19. Centruroides margaritatus (after Santiago-Blay et al., 2004b, in part). 20. Rhopalurus junceus (after Santiago-Blay et al., 2004b, in part). 21. Tityus nematochirus (after Soleglad & Fet, 2003b, in part). 22. Alayotityus nanus (note trichobothrium d2 is absent). Only trichobothria i and d1–d5 are shown in these figures.

Figures 16–18 in Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part II. Bushehr Province

Figures 16–18: Compsobuthus persicus, sp. nov., female paratype (BU-18), showing trichobothrial pattern. 16. Chela external and ventral views. Closed circle on chelal fixed finger external view indicates trichobthrium i. 17. Femur, dorsal view. Circled area shows internal trichobothria from an internal perspective. 18. Patella, dorsal and external views.

Figures 9–15 in Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part II. Bushehr Province

Figures 9–15: Compsobuthus persicus, sp. nov., female paratype (BU-18). 9. Carapace and closeup of median eyes showing well developed median ocular carinae. 10. Right leg III showing basitarsus and tarsus. Note small tibial spur. 11. Right chelal movable finger showing dentition, closeup of distal tip in ellipse. 12. Telson, lateral view. 13. Left chelicera, dorsal and ventral views. 14. Sternum. 15. Left stigmata 3.

Figure 19 in Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part II. Bushehr Province

Figure 19: Map of Bushehr province showing distribution of Compsobuthus jakesi, C. matthiesseni and C. persicus sp. nov. collected in this study.

Figure 26 in A new trichobothrial character for the high-level systematics of Buthoidea (Scorpiones: Buthida)

Figure 26: Position of continental plates in early Jurassic period (195 Mya) (after Scotese, 2001, in part).

Figure 22 in Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part II. Bushehr Province

Figure 22: Map of Bushehr province showing distribution of Hottentotta saulcyi, Mesobuthus eupeus phillipsii and Odontobuthus bidentatus collected in this study.

Figures 3-12 in A new trichobothrial character for the high-level systematics of Buthoidea (Scorpiones: Buthida)

Figures 3-12: Pedipalp patella, dorsal view, showing the alignment of trichobothrium d3 with respect to the dorsomedian (DMc) carina. In the buthoid figures d3 is situated internal to or on the DMc carina. 3. Pseudochactas ovchinnikovi (after Soleglad & Fet, 2003b, in part) Note, DMc carina is absent as well as trichobothria d2 and d4. 4. Androctonus bicolor. 5. Razianus zarudnyi. 6. Mesobuthus caucasicus (after Soleglad & Fet, 2003b, in part). 7. Liobuthus kessleri. 8. Orthochirus scrobiculosus. 9. Compsobuthus matthiesseni. 10. Anomalobuthus rickmersi. 11. Buthacus yotvatensis. 12. Microbuthus sp. Note, trichobothrium d3 bifurcates the DMc carina and trichobothrium d2 is absent. Only trichobothria i and d1-d5 are shown in these figures.