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1,904 results for “Breathing”
Supplementary Material for 'Breathing Rate Estimation From the Electrocardiogram and Photoplethysmogram: A Review'
<p>This supplementary material accompanies:</p> <p>P. H. Charlton <em>et al.</em>, “Breathing rate estimation from the electrocardiogram and photoplethysmogram: a review,” <em>IEEE Rev. Biomed. Eng.</em>, vol. 11, pp. 2–20, 2018. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/RBME.2017.2763681">10.1109/RBME.2017.2763681</a></p> <p><strong><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3741462">Version 1</a>: </strong>This is the version originally accompanying the article (albeit with a few filename corrections from the published version).</p> <p><strong><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3741463">Version 2</a>: </strong>This version was produced on 6th April 2020. The Excel files have been updated to .xlsx versions, and the Matlab script (BRReviewAnalyses.m) has been amended accordingly. In addition, further functionality has been added to the Matlab script (BRReviewAnalyses.m), and a new script has been added which was not previously released in the supplementary material (BRReviewSearchStrategy.m).</p>
Code and data for: Wlodarczak and Heldner. (2020). Breathing in conversation.
<p>This is code and data accompanying the paper Wlodarczak and Heldner (2020). Breathing in conversation. Frontiers in Psychology.</p> <p>To reproduce the results, run the following commands in the terminal:</p> <pre><code class="language-bash">cd code make all </code></pre> <p>The code is released the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.</p>
Data from: The dipnoan buccal pump reconstructed in 3D and implications for air breathing in Devonian lungfishes
Lungfishes are known for, and indeed take their name from, their bimodal respiratory abilities. All three extant genera can use their lungs to extract oxygen from the atmosphere, although their reliance upon this capability differs among taxa. Lungs are considered primitive for the Osteichthyes, however the distinctive buccal pump mode of air gulping exhibited by extant lungfishes appears to be a specialization. It is associated with a number of derived skeletal characters (cranial ribs, long parasphenoid stalk, midline gap between palatal tooth plates) that first appeared during the Devonian. These have been described individually, but in no Devonian lungfish has their three-dimensional (3D) spatial relationship been reconstructed and analyzed. Here we present the 3D morphology of Rhinodipterus, a Mid-Late Devonian lungfish from Australia and Europe, based on synchrotron tomography and conventional microtomography scans. Unlike less crownward contemporaneous lungfishes such as Griphognathus and Chirodipterus, Rhinodipterus has a full set of skeletal buccal pump components that can be directly compared to those of extant lungfishes, suggesting that it made more extensive use of air breathing than other Gogo or Bergisch Gladbach genera. This is interesting in relation to the environmental context as Gogo and Bergisch Gladbach are both marine, contrasting with the frequently hypoxic tropical to subtropical fresh water environments inhabited by modern lungfishes. The evolution of buccal pump-supported lung ventilation was evidently not necessarily associated with a transition to non-marine habitats.
Data from: Oxidation of linoleic and palmitic acid in pre-hibernating and hibernating common noctule bats revealed by 13C breath testing
Mammals fuel hibernation by oxidizing saturated and unsaturated fatty acids from triacylglycerols in adipocytes, yet the relative importance of these two categories as an oxidative fuel may change during hibernation. We studied the selective use of fatty acids as an oxidative fuel in noctule bats (<i>Nyctalus noctula</i>). Pre-hibernating noctule bats that were fed 13C-enriched linoleic acid (LA) showed 12 times higher tracer oxidation rates compared to conspecifics fed 13C-enriched palmitic acid (PA). After this experiment, we supplemented the diet of bats with the same fatty acids on 5 subsequent days to enrich their fat depots with the respective tracer. We then compared the excess 13C enrichment (APE) in breath of bats for torpor and arousal events during early and late hibernation. We observed higher APE values in breath of bats fed 13C-enriched LA than in bats fed 13C-enriched PA for both states, torpor and arousal, and also for both periods. Thus, hibernating bats oxidized selectively endogenous LA instead of PA, most likely because of faster transportation rates of PUFA compared with SFA. We did not observe changes in APE values in the breath of torpid animals between early and late hibernation. Skin temperature of torpid animals increased by 0.7oC between early and late hibernation in bats fed PA, whereas it decreased by -0.8oC in bats fed LA, highlighting that endogenous LA may fulfil two functions when available in excess: serving as an oxidative fuel and supporting cell membrane functionality.
Data from: Aggression supersedes individual oxygen demand to drive group air-breathing in a social catfish
1) Group-living is widespread among animals and comes with numerous costs and benefits. To date, research examining group-living has focused on trade-offs surrounding foraging, while other forms of resource acquisition have been largely overlooked. 2) Air breathing has evolved in many fish lineages, allowing animals to obtain oxygen in hypoxic aquatic environments. Breathing air increases the threat of predation, so some species perform group air breathing, to reduce individual risk. Within species, air breathing can be influenced by metabolic rate as well as personality, but the mechanisms of group air breathing remain unexplored. It is conceivable that keystone individuals with high metabolic demand or intrinsic tendency to breathe air may drive social breathing, especially in hypoxia. 3) We examined social air breathing in African sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus, to determine whether individual physiological traits and spontaneous tendency to breathe air influence the behaviour of entire groups, and whether such influences vary in relation to aquatic oxygen availability. 4) We studied eleven groups of four catfish in a laboratory arena and recorded air-breathing behaviour, activity, and agonistic interactions at varying levels of hypoxia. Bimodal respirometry was used to estimate individual standard metabolic rate (SMR) and the tendency to utilise aerial oxygen when alone. 5) Fish took more air breaths in groups as compared to when they were alone, regardless of water oxygen content, and displayed temporally clustere air-breathing behaviour, consistent with existing definitions of synchronous air breathing. However, groups displayed tremendous variability in surfacing behaviour. Aggression by dominant individuals within groups was the main factor influencing air breathing of the entire group. There was no association between individual SMR, or the tendency to obtain oxygen from air when in isolation, and group air breathing. 6) For C. gariepinus, synchronous air breathing is strongly influenced by agonistic interactions, which may expose subordinate individuals to risk of predation. Influential individuals exerted an overriding effect on risk-taking by the entire group, for reasons independent of their physiological oxygen requirements. Overall, this illustrates that social context can obscure interactions between an individual's physiological and behavioural traits and their tendency to take risks to obtain resources.
Breath of the Wild Royal Halberd
Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Breast cancer: CT and Structures. Free-breathing vs DIBH technique
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Breathing Phenomenon of Soil Desiccation Cracking: Insights from Novel Geophysical Observations
<p>Jin-Jian Xu, Chao-Sheng Tang*, Yaowen Yang, Lin Li, Hao Zhang, Qing Cheng, Xi-Ying Zhang, Bo Liu, Bin Shi</p>
Dataset for publication "The effect of formation swimming on tailbeat and breathing frequencies in killer whales"
<p>Data collected by the Center for Whale Research under federal permit provided by National Marine Fisheries Service (permit number 21238). Observation of the Southern Resident killer whale population (<i>Orcinus orca</i>) with aerial drone-based videos recorded during the summer season in 2019 and 2021. Observations conducted during formation swimming sequences in which the whales displayed a directional and regular cruising swimming pattern (i.e., without sharp changes in direction, chasing prey, social interactions, or surface-active behaviors) to estimate their relative energetic expenditure by estimating the breathing frequency and tailbeat frequency of each individual depending on its positioning relative to the other whales.</p>
Data from: dispersal sweepstakes: biotic interchange propelled air-breathing fishes across the globe
<p>Synbranchiformes is a phenotypically diverse and species rich clade of freshwater acanthomorph fishes, which include eel- and perch-like, air-breathing and non-air-breathing fishes. The ability to breathe out of water has presumably aided lineages of Synbranchiformes in dispersing across all southern continents except Antarctica. The lack of a well-resolved, time-calibrated phylogeny of Synbranchiformes limits our understanding of the timing and geographic patterns of diversification of these anatomically and ecologically diverse fishes. As a consequence, contemporary interpretations of synbranchiform biogeography invoke scenarios as disparate as Gondwana vicariance and pan-global rafting to explain their modern-day geographic distribution. In this study, we use high-throughput sequencing of ultra-conserved elements (UCEs) to infer a phylogeny for all major synbranchiform lineages. We combine this dataset with existing Sanger sequenced genes and fossil calibrations to infer a comprehensive time-calibrated phylogeny of Synbranchiformes. Then, we use Bayesian methods of biogeographical reconstruction to document the history of dispersal of synbranchiforms, finding support for Southeast Asia as the likely ancestral area of all major lineages. Our results reject the hypothesis of Gondwanan vicariance explaining synbranchiform biogeography, and instead the historical biogeographic analyses support a hypothesis of independent continental invasions by snakeheads, anabantids, and spiny eels. However, there is no signal of elevated lineage diversification rates after these invasions. Instead, higher rates of lineage diversification in spiny eels pre-dates their arrival to Africa, while the high levels of lineage diversification observed in <em>Betta</em> were initiated prior to the flooding of insular Sundaland in SE Asia.</p>
Raw k-space data for free-breathing diffusion weighted sequence
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Passive breathing of earth-air: 'fingerprint' evidence from moisture records
<p><em>Data in Brief.</em></p>
Breathing Rate and Heart Rate Dataset using Integrated mmWave FMCW Radar and Camera Steering System
<p>The presented dataset consists of raw and transformed CWT images of the breathing and heart waveforms obtained from a radar<br> and IP camera setup. The setup is a self-proposed setup with a mmWave radar mounted over an IP camera and can capture<br> the breathing and heart waveforms of the person in the room in front of the system in any orientation. The dataset can be used to estimate the vital signs using any machine learning model and important information about the respiration rate and pulse rate<br> can then be obtained. The dataset is a total of 1280 images- 720 raw and 720 processed. The processed dataset is labeled in six different classes. The first bifurcation is between breath and heart, breath signal is classified as low, normal, and high whereas the heart signal is classified as low, normal, and slightly low. The subject is oriented in differently so that the setup can steer towards the person and capture the breath and heart signals accordingly.</p>
Fire Breathing Snail Car
I shot this quick and dirty photoscan early one morning at Makerfaire before the crowds engulfed it. The scan is not as good as Jon's amazing car deserves, but it is a very difficult subject to capture. We talked about this scan and all the other cool stuff we saw at Makerfaire on the [**3d printing today podcast**](http://threedprintingtoday.com/ "3d Printing Today Podcast") Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Breathing travelling wave solutions in a three-species competition-diffusion system
<p>We consider the situation where an exotic species <em>w</em> invades an ecosystem inhabited by two native species <em>u</em> and <em>v</em>. All species are competing for the same limited resource. Supposing that <em>u</em> and <em>v</em> are not able to coexist in the absence of the invader, we want to determine whether a successful invasion by <em>w</em> may allow all species to coexist (competitor-mediated coexistence). Mathematically, this problem can be modelled by the following three-species competition-diffusion system<br> <span class="math-tex">\( \left\{ \begin{alignedat}{6} u_t &= d_1 \, \Delta u &&+ (r_1 &&- u &&- b_{12} \, v &&- b_{13} \, w &&)\,u, \\ v_t &= d_2 \, \Delta v &&+ (r_2 &&- v &&- b_{21} \, u &&- b_{23} \, w &&)\,v, \\ w_t &= d_3 \, \Delta w &&+ (r_3 &&- w &&- b_{31} \, u &&- b_{32} \, v &&)\,w, \end{alignedat} \right.\)</span><br> where all parameters are positive constants.</p> <p>We are interested in the case in which the invading species is weaker than the native ones, i.e., it is not able to survive in the diffusion-free system obtained by setting <em>d</em><sub>1</sub> = <em>d</em><sub>2</sub> = <em>d</em><sub>3</sub> = 0.<br> We fix all parameters as<br> <span class="math-tex">\( \begin{aligned} & d_1 = d_2 = d_3 = 1, \\ & r_1 = r_2 = 28, \\ & \begin{aligned} b_{12} &= 22/21, & b_{13} &= 4, \\ b_{21} &= 1.87, & b_{23} &= 3/4, \\ b_{31} &= 26/21, & b_{32} &= 22/21, \\ \end{aligned} \end{aligned}\)</span><br> and leave <em>r</em><sub>3</sub>, which measures the strength of the exotic species, as a free parameter. Depending on the value of <em>r</em><sub>3</sub>, the invasion can be either successful or not and competitor-mediated coexistence may or may not occur.</p> <p>It turns out that if <em>r</em><sub>3</sub> lies in a certain range of values, the three-species competition-diffusion system admits a breathing travelling wave solution, i.e., a travelling pulse whose width is oscillating. Such a breathing wave is originated from a standard travelling pulse which is destabilized through a Hopf bifurcation. The period <em>T</em> of the breathing wave depends on the free parameter <em>r</em><sub>3</sub> and goes to infinity at one end of the solution branch.</p> <p>The movie "Breathing Travelling Wave Orbits" shows the evolution of the spatial profile of the breathing wave. After one period, the value of the parameter <em>r</em><sub>3</sub> is changed and the next solution on the breathing wave branch is displayed. Please note that the solution is plotted in a reference frame moving at the velocity of the breathing wave.</p> <p>The movie "Breathing Travelling Wave Features" shows several features of the breathing wave as <em>r</em><sub>3</sub> is changed. The first plot in the third row shows the current value of <em>r</em><sub>3</sub> and the position on the solution branch. The first row shows the space-time profiles of the solution. The first plot of the second row shows the evolution of the pulse width during one period. The remaining plots on the second row show the instantaneous velocities of the back and leading fronts of the oscillating pulse, while the plots immediately below show the density of the invading species <em>w</em> in correspondence of those two fronts.</p>
Run, Beep, Breathe: Exploring the Effects on Adherence and User Experience of 5 Breathing Instruction Sounds while Running
<p>Five Breathing Instruction Sounds used in the experiment. </p>
Data for: Free-Breathing Myocardial T1 Mapping using Inversion-Recovery Radial FLASH and Motion-Resolved Model-Based Reconstruction (Part 2/2)
<p>Magnetic Resonance Imaging measurement data used in our paper about "Free-Breathing Myocardial T1 Mapping using Inversion-Recovery Radial FLASH and Motion-Resolved Model-Based Reconstruction". The data is provided in a file format used by the BART toolbox (DOI: <a href="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.592960">10.5281/zenodo.592960</a>)</p>
The Breathe Well Program for Adults With Asthma
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02761837. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Effects of Segmental and Pursed Lip Breathing Exercises on Upper Cross Syndrome
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06303102. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.
Pursed Lip Breathing in Interstitial Lung Disease
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02934750. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
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