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1,034 results for “Empirical”
Testing the feasibility of quantifying change in agricultural soil carbon stocks through empirical sampling
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Supplementary material and supplementary data files for: Handling logical character dependency in phylogenetic inference: Extensive performance testing of assumptions and solutions using simulated and empirical data
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The dataset for the research "Evaluation of Digital Supply Chain Technology’s Impact on Sustainability Under the Moderate Effect of Supply Chain Dynamism: An Empirical Research in the Chinese Energy Supply Chain"
In recent years, the topic of digitalisation and sustainability of supply chains has become increasingly important. In addition, as the environmental dynamism becomes more complex, it is essential to explore how technologies impacts on sustainability under the supply chain dynamism. Hence, there is a study to explore the relationship between technologies and sustainability under the supply chain dynamism in the energy supply chain. In this study, the author collects quantitative data from two Chinese companies, including China Resources Power Zhejiang Company and Hunan HuaDian Changsha Electric Co., Ltd. This is a questionnaire survey and it has 24 questions, including 3 general questions, 5 technologies dimension questions, 12 sustainability dimension questions and 4 supply chain dynamism questions. The author collected data from 30 May 2024 to 6 June May 2024, and there are totally 316 answers.
Dataset of empirical study on product configuration and traceability in UML-based product-lines
<p>Dataset of empirical study on product configuration and traceability in UML-based product-lines</p>
Empirical Study of Restarted and Flaky Builds on Travis CI
<p>This upload contains the dataset that has been collected for the paper: Empirical Study of Restarted and Flaky Builds on Travis CI.</p> <p>It is composed of four elements:</p> <ul> <li>A dump of the MongoDB database that contains 3286773 TravisCI build and 56522 restarted builds (json.gz files)</li> <li>The Github information for the repositories (repositories.tar.gz)</li> <li>The complete TravisCI build history of the repositories (repository_build_histories.tar.gz)</li> <li>The pull request information including the comments (pull_requests.tar.gz)</li> <li>The complete commit history of the repositories (repository_commits.tar.gz)</li> </ul> <p> </p>
Empirical Study of the Relationship between Design Patterns and Code Smells
<p>Software systems are often developed in such a way that good practices in the object-oriented paradigm are not met, causing the occurrence of specific disharmonies which are sometimes called code smells. Design patterns catalogue best practices for developing object-oriented software systems. Although code smells and design patterns are widely divergent, there might be a co-occurrence relation between them. The objective of this paper is to empirically evaluate if the presence of design patterns is related to the presence of code smells at different granularity levels. We performed an empirical replication study using 20 design patterns and 13 code smells in ten small-size to medium-size, open-source Java-based systems. We applied statistical analysis and association rules. Results confirm that classes participating in design patterns have less smell-proneness and smell frequency than classes not participating in design patterns. We also noticed that every design pattern category act in the same way in terms of smell-proneness in the subject systems. However, we observed, based on the association rules learning and the proposed validation technique, that some patterns may be linked with certain smells in some cases. For instance, Command patterns can co-occur with God Class, Blob and External Duplication smell.</p> <p><strong>The published data set contains the following:</strong></p> <ol> <li>List of the selected systems (source code files)</li> <li>The P-MARt: the design pattern repository as XML for the selected systems. </li> <li>Data of design patterns and code smells: We processed this data by parsing the design pattern XML file and running the smell detection tool (inFusion).</li> <li>The data of the data mining analysis.</li> </ol>
What constitutes software? An Empirical, Descriptive Study of Artifacts - Reproduction Dataset
<p>Dataset for reproducing the numbers, figures, and tables in the results section of the MSR 2020 paper <em>"What constitutes Software? An Empirical, Descriptive Study of Artifacts"</em>.</p> <p>The data is given in this release as extra file (<code>all_repo_files_categorized.csv.bz2</code>) as it is too big to be part of the repository directly.</p>
Dataset - How do you propose your code changes? Empirical Analysis of Affect Metrics of Pull Requests on GitHub
<p>This package contains the raw open data for the study </p> <p>Marco Ortu, Giuseppe Destefanis, Daniel Graziotin, Michele Marchesi, Roberto Tonelli. 2020. How do you propose your code changes? Empirical Analysis of Affect Metrics of Pull Requests on GitHub. Under Review.</p> <p>The dataset is based on GHTorrent dataset:</p> <p>Georgios Gousios. 2013. The GHTorent dataset and tool suite. In Proceedings of the 10th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR ’13). IEEE Press, 233–236</p> <p>And released with the same license (CC BY-SA 4.0).</p>
An Empirical Validation of Cognitive Complexity as a Measure of Source Code Understandability - Data, Code and Documentation
<p>Release version of the data, code and documentation used in and generated by our data analysis and literature search to ensure reproducibility, repeatability, and transparency, to be published alongside our paper "An Empirical Validation of Cognitive Complexity as a Measure of Source Code Understandability".</p>
Replication Package for the paper: Evaluating the Agreement among Technical Debt Measurement Tools: Building an Empirical Benchmark of Technical Debt Liabilities
<p>This is the replication package for the Archetypal Analysis conducted in the paper "Evaluating the Agreement among Technical Debt Measurement Tools: Building an Empirical Benchmark of Technical Debt Liabilities" accepted at Springer's EMSE Journal.</p> <p>It contains:</p> <ul> <li>The dataset with TD measurements from three TD tools for 25 Java projects</li> <li>The dataset with TD measurements from three TD tools for 25 JS projects</li> <li>The script to run the Archetypal Analysis on the two datasets</li> </ul>
Assessing confidence in root placement on phylogenies: an empirical study using non-reversible models for Mammals
<p>Using time-reversible Markov models is a very common practice in phylogenetic analysis, because although we expect many of their assumptions to be violated by empirical data, they provide high computational efficiency. However, these models lack the ability to infer the root placement of the estimated phylogeny. In order to compensate for the inability of these models to root the tree, many researchers use external information such as using outgroup taxa or additional assumptions such as molecular-clocks. In this study, we investigate the utility of non-reversible models to root empirical phylogenies and introduce a new bootstrap measure, the <i>rootstrap</i>, which provides information on the statistical support for any given root position.</p> <p>Availability and implementation: rootstrap support is implemented in IQ-TREE 2 and a tutorial is available at the iqtree webpage <a href="http://www.iqtree.org/doc/Rootstrap">http://www.iqtree.org/doc/Rootstrap</a>. In addition, a python script is available at <a href="https://github.com/suhanaser/Rootstrap">https://github.com/suhanaser/Rootstrap</a></p>
Empirical shapes for the publication "Modifications of the K-Profile parameterization with nondiffusive fluxes for wave effects"
<p>This dataset contains data for the reproduction of the empirical shape functions G_l and g_s introduced in the publication "Modifications of the K-Profile parameterization with nondiffusive fluxes for wave effects".</p>
An Empirical Evaluation about Using Models to Improve Preliminary Safety Analysis
<p>Video presentation of the paper "<em>An Empirical Evaluation about Using Models to Improve Preliminary Safety Analysis</em>" to appear at <strong>II Workshop de Modelagem e Simulação de sistemas intensivos em Software (II MSSiS) </strong>2020 co-located with CBSOFT 2020.</p> <p><strong>Abstract.</strong> <strong>Context</strong>: Safety analysis is an activity of fundamental importance in the development of safety-critical systems (SCS) to ensure that hazardous situations are properly found and mitigated. Such analysis is performed after a system requirements specification is available. Therefore, it is then worthwhile to investigate specification techniques to detect their strengths and weaknesses with respect to discovering hazards early in the development process. <strong>Objective</strong>: In this paper, we investigate similarities and differences in the results of a preliminary safety analysis from requirements specified using models in Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) and Textual Use Cases (TUC). <strong>Method</strong>: We adopted a controlled experiment as research method using computer engineering students as subjects. <strong>Results</strong>: The subjects of BPMN group found more accidents, hazards as well as more causes of hazards. Moreover, they have a higher preference for the template used for safety analysis documentation. <strong>Conclusions</strong>: The use of BPMN to represent the interactions among actors in a system probably lead to the discovery of more accidents and hazards, but more experiments are necessary to test this hypothesis since the results are not statistically significant.</p>
Replication code and data for: Recalculating ... How Uncertainty in Local Labor Market Definitions Affects Empirical Findings
<p>This repository contains the code and data to replicate all the analyses in our paper "Recalculating ... : How Uncertainty in Local Labor Market Definitions Affects Empirical Findings." Some of the data can also be used in other researchers' analyses to investigate the robustness of their results when they use commuting zones to aggregate or collect data.</p>
An Empirical Evaluation about Using Models to Improve Preliminary Safety Analysis - MSSIS 2020
<p>Video presentation of the paper "<em>An Empirical Evaluation about Using Models to Improve Preliminary Safety Analysis</em>" to appear at <strong>II Workshop de Modelagem e Simulação de sistemas intensivos em Software (II MSSiS) </strong>2020 co-located with CBSOFT 2020.</p> <p><strong>Abstract.</strong> <strong>Context</strong>: Safety analysis is an activity of fundamental importance in the development of safety-critical systems (SCS) to ensure that hazardous situations are properly found and mitigated. Such analysis is performed after a system requirements specification is available. Therefore, it is then worthwhile to investigate specification techniques to detect their strengths and weaknesses with respect to discovering hazards early in the development process. <strong>Objective</strong>: In this paper, we investigate similarities and differences in the results of a preliminary safety analysis from requirements specified using models in Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) and Textual Use Cases (TUC). <strong>Method</strong>: We adopted a controlled experiment as research method using computer engineering students as subjects. <strong>Results</strong>: The subjects of BPMN group found more accidents, hazards as well as more causes of hazards. Moreover, they have a higher preference for the template used for safety analysis documentation. <strong>Conclusions</strong>: The use of BPMN to represent the interactions among actors in a system probably lead to the discovery of more accidents and hazards, but more experiments are necessary to test this hypothesis since the results are not statistically significant.</p>
Empirical Analysis
<p>This folder contains a representative sample of HPC (Cray) data used for reliability study of node failures.</p> <p>If you are using these logs, please cite the following paper in which it was first released:</p> <p>"Systemic Assessment of Node Failures in HPC Production Platforms" in IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS), 2021.</p> <pre>@inproceedings{DBLP:conf/ipps/Das0R21, author = {Anwesha Das and Frank Mueller and Barry Rountree}, title = {Systemic Assessment of Node Failures in {HPC} Production Platforms}, booktitle = {35th {IEEE} International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, {IPDPS}}, pages = {267--276}, publisher = {{IEEE}}, year = {2021} }</pre>
Replication Package for the Paper: "An Empirical Analysis of the Manual Detection of Code Smells via Code Review"
<p>This repository contains the data and results from the paper "An Empirical Analysis of the Manual Detection of Code Smells via Code Review" submitted to SANER 2021.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>1. "data.zip" file contains the following three folders: </strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>1). data folder</strong></p> <p>The data folder contains the retrieved 1,174 reviews that discuss code smells. Each review includes four parts: Code Change URL, Code Smell, Code Smell Discussion, and Source Code URL.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>2). scripts folder</strong></p> <p>The scripts folder contains the Python script that was used to search for code smell terms and the list of code smell terms.</p> <ul> <li><em>keywords.txt</em> contains the keywords keywords asociated with code smells, such as "smell, duplication, and dead".</li> <li><em>get_changes.py</em> is used for getting code changes from OpenStack.</li> <li><em>get_comments.py</em> is used for getting review comments for each code change.</li> <li><em>keywords_search.py</em> is used for searching review comments that contain at least one keyword.</li> <li>keywords_improve.py is used for improving the keyword-based mining approach.</li> <li>tools.py is used for supporting the process of keywords improving.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><strong>3). project folder</strong></p> <p>The project folder contains the MAXQDA project files. The files can be opened by MAXQDA 12 or higher versions, which are available at https://www.maxqda.com/ for download. You may also use the free 14-day trial version of MAXQDA 2018, which is available at https://www.maxqda.com/trial for download.</p> <ul> <li><em>Data Labeling & Encoding for RQ2.mx12</em> is the results of data labeling and encoding for RQ2, which were analyzed by the MAXQDA tool.</li> <li><em>Data Labeling & Encoding for RQ3.mx12</em> is the results of data labeling and encoding for RQ3, which were analyzed by the MAXQDA tool.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><strong>2. Keywords associated with code smells.pdf</strong></p> <p>This file contains the final set of keywords asociated with code smells that we identified by following the systematic approach proposed by Bosu and his colleagues in their paper: Identifying the Characteristics of Vulnerable Code Changes: An Empirical Study, FSE 2014.</p>
Fine-scale empirical data on niche divergence and homeolog expression patterns in an allopolyploid and its diploid progenitor species
<ul> <li>Polyploidization is pervasive in plants, but little is known about the niche divergence of wild allopolyploids (species that harbor polyploid genomes originating from different diploid species) relative to their diploid progenitor species and the gene expression patterns that may underlie such ecological divergence. We conducted a fine-scale empirical study on habitat and gene expression of an allopolyploid and its diploid progenitors.</li> <li> We quantified soil properties and light availability of habitats of an allotetraploid <i>Cardamine flexuosa</i> and its diploid progenitors <i>C. amara</i> and <i>C. hirsuta</i> in two seasons. We analyzed expression patterns of genes and homeologs (homeologous gene copies in allopolyploids) using RNA-seq.</li> <li>We detected niche divergence between the allopolyploid and its diploid progenitors along water availability gradient at a fine scale: the diploids in opposite extremes and the allopolyploid in a broader range between diploids, with limited overlap with diploids at both ends. Most of the genes whose homeolog expression ratio changed among habitats in <i>C. flexuosa</i> varied spatially and temporally. </li> <li>These findings provide empirical evidence for niche divergence between an allopolyploid and its diploid progenitor species at a fine scale and suggest that divergent expression patterns of homeologs in an allopolyploid may underlie its persistence in diverse habitats.</li> </ul>
FIG. 2. — Profil taphonomique des principaux assemblages fauniques d in Exploitation animale à l'Ancien Empire en Égypte: les apports d'Ayn Asil (oasis de Dakhla)
FIG. 2. — Profil taphonomique des principaux assemblages fauniques d'Ayn Asil.
FIG. 1. — Localisation d in Exploitation animale à l'Ancien Empire en Égypte: les apports d'Ayn Asil (oasis de Dakhla)
FIG. 1. — Localisation d'Ayn Asil, plan du site et des secteurs fouillés. Échelle: 1/2000.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.