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220 results for “Island Ecology”
FIGURE 3 in Reappraisal of the parrots (Aves: Psittacidae) from the Mascarene Islands, with comments on their ecology, morphology, and affinities
FIGURE 3. Author's reconstruction of the head of the Mauritian parrot Lophopsittacus mauritianus (below), compared with that of the largest living parrot Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus (above) from South America. Scale bar = 10mm.
FIGURE 2 in Reappraisal of the parrots (Aves: Psittacidae) from the Mascarene Islands, with comments on their ecology, morphology, and affinities
FIGURE 2. Crania of Mascarene parrots, ventral aspect. A, UMZC578 Lophopsittacus mauritianus (mis-identified as Necropsittacus rodericanus); B, UMZC1551 Lophopsittacus mauritianus. In 1., the fonticuli orbitocraniales form deep pits and are not connected to the cranial cavity by large openings and 2., the two triangular processes projecting ventroanteriorly. Both of these structures are particularly diagnostic in Lophopsittacus; C, UMZC562 Necropsittacus rodericanus. Scale bar = 10mm.
FIGURE 1 in Reappraisal of the parrots (Aves: Psittacidae) from the Mascarene Islands, with comments on their ecology, morphology, and affinities
FIGURE 1. The Mascarene Islands of Réunion, Mauritius and Rodrigues with the distribution of Mascarene species of parrots (boxed).
Data from: Molecular detection of invertebrate prey in vertebrate diets: trophic ecology of Caribbean island lizards
Understanding community assembly and population dynamics frequently requires detailed knowledge of food web structure. For many consumers, obtaining precise information about diet composition has traditionally required sacrificing animals or other highly invasive procedures, generating tension between maintaining intact study populations and knowing what they eat. We developed 16S mitochondrial DNA sequencing methods to identify arthropods in the diets of generalist vertebrate predators without requiring a blocking primer. We demonstrate the utility of these methods for a common Caribbean lizard that has been intensively studied in the context of small island food webs: Anolis sagrei (a semi-arboreal 'trunk-ground' anole ecomorph). Novel PCR primers were identified in silico and tested in vitro. Illumina sequencing successfully characterized the arthropod component of 168 faecal DNA samples collected during three field trips spanning 12 months, revealing 217 molecular operational taxonomic units (mOTUs) from at least nine arthropod orders (including Araneae, Blattodea, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Lepidoptera and Orthoptera). Three mOTUs (one beetle, one cockroach and one ant) were particularly frequent, occurring in ≥50% of samples, but the majority of mOTUs were infrequent (180, or 83%, occurred in ≤5% of samples). Species accumulation curves showed that dietary richness and composition were similar between size-dimorphic sexes; however, female lizards had greater per-sample dietary richness than males. Overall diet composition (but not richness) was significantly different across seasons, and we found more pronounced interindividual variation in December than in May. These methods will be generally useful in characterizing the diets of diverse insectivorous vertebrates.
Figure 3 in Reproductive characteristics of Elaphe quadrivirgata (Serpentes: Colubridae) from ecologically dissimilar main island and island populations
Figure 3. Relationships between (A) maternal snout-vent length (SVL) and clutch size; (B) maternal SVL and egg length (ln-transformed) and (C) clutch size and egg length in Elaphe quadrivirgata from Shiga (open circles) and Yakushima Island (closed triangles).
Figure 2 in Reproductive characteristics of Elaphe quadrivirgata (Serpentes: Colubridae) from ecologically dissimilar main island and island populations
Figure 2. Oviposition dates in Elaphe quadrivirgata from Shiga (open circles) and Yakushima Island (closed triangles).
Figure 1 in Reproductive characteristics of Elaphe quadrivirgata (Serpentes: Colubridae) from ecologically dissimilar main island and island populations
Figure 1. Geographic locations of two study sites: Shiga, in the central western area of the main island of Japan, and Yakushima Island, southwestern Japan. Two other localities (Kyoto and the Izu Islands), which are compared to the present study sites, are also shown.
Enhancing ecological integrity while preserving ecosystem services: constructing soft-sediment islands in a shallow lake
<p>1. Ecosystems are increasingly managed to provide multiple benefits to humans, which often degrades their ecological integrity. This strongly applies to aquatic ecosystems, in which engineering can enhance flood protection, drinking water supply, fisheries and recreation. Although these activities typically increase ecosystem functionality to humans, they often impair key aspects of biodiversity and natural functioning.</p> <p>2. Classical restoration of such degrading freshwater ecosystems can lead to societal opposition, if returning to a former ecosystem state affects previously acquired ecosystem services. Innovative nature-based solutions are therefore needed that enhance natural values in ecosystems, without affecting existing services.</p> <p>3. We present a large-scale project aiming to increase the ecological integrity of a human-modified freshwater lake, while maintaining its services to humans. The freshwater lake Markermeer in the Netherlands was formed by closing off an estuary for flood protection. The ecological integrity of this lake diminished over time, likely because a declining primary productivity impaired biodiversity at higher trophic levels. This decline is associated with a lack of gradual land-water transitions, strong resuspension of fine sediments, a low nutrient availability and lack of dynamics typically to be expected in a natural temperate freshwater lake. Restoring the lake to its former marine state would conflict with current ecosystem services.</p> <p>4. A nature-based solution was initiated in 2016, consisting of constructing a five-island archipelago from the lake's own soft-sediments called the "Marker Wadden". The project aims to increase the lake's primary production by creating gradual land-water transitions, more heterogeneity in water depths, and decreasing turbidity by creating shelter and deep sinks reducing fine-sediment resuspension by wind – thus introducing currently missing elements that are typical for natural lakes. We present the underlying ecological framework and first scientific results of this innovative on-going project.</p> <p>5. Within four years, the Marker Wadden project shows how forward-looking sustainable development of lake ecosystems using a rewilding approach can enhance natural processes and attract birds and fish, without conflicting with existing ecosystem services. This inspires new directions for halting and reversing the degradation of other vital ecosystems worldwide.</p>
Data from: Ecological, evolutionary and human-mediated determinants of poeciliid species richness on Caribbean islands
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Enhancing ecological integrity while preserving ecosystem services: constructing soft-sediment islands in a shallow lake
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Data from: Feed or fight: testing the impact of food availability and intraspecific aggression on the functional ecology of an island lizard
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Data from: Tracking the history and ecological changes of rising double-crested cormorant populations using pond sediments from islands in eastern Lake Ontario
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Data from: Diversification rates of the “Old Endemic” murine rodents of Luzon Island, Philippines are inconsistent with incumbency effects and ecological opportunity
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Data from: Ecological speciation in an island snail: evidence for the parallel evolution of a novel ecotype and maintenance by ecologically dependent postzygotic isolation
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Data from: Polar lakes may act as ecological islands to aquatic protists
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Data from: Ecological and environmental predictors of escape among birds on a large tropical island
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Data from: Ecological divergence combined with ancient allopatry in lizard populations from a small volcanic island
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Data from: Predicting community structure in snakes on Eastern Nearctic islands using ecological neutral theory and phylogenetic methods
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Data from: Molecular detection of invertebrate prey in vertebrate diets: trophic ecology of Caribbean island lizards
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Data from: Islands in the desert for cavity-nesting bees and wasps: ecology, patterns of diversity, and conservation at oases of Baja California peninsula
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.