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1,173 results for “Pandemics”
Identification of the development of consumer ethnocentrism during a pandemic
<p>The aim of the study was to verify whether the current pandemic situation, which resulted in the so-called economic lockdown, and consequently limiting economic growth, affects consumer attitudes manifested by an increase in the tendency to prefer domestic products and to verify what kind of information campaign affects the change of this propensity. The level of ethnocentrism of the surveyed people was measured using the consumer ethnocentrism scale developed by American behavioral economists, and at the beginning the participants of the study were presented with press articles informing about the effects of buying domestic products. One article was positive, indicating that the choice of domestic products means patriotism and an expression of gratitude for domestic companies and employees, especially those supporting medical’s work during the pandemic. The second article had a negative overtone, indicating that the lack of purchase of domestic product harms the domestic economy and increases the level of unemployment, which especially during the pandemic and economic crisis may lead the country into a deep recession. The third article was neutral, without suggesting any effects or consequences.</p>
Time-to-Event analysis of factors influencing delay in discharge from a subacute Complex Discharge Unit during the first year of the pandemic (2020) in an Irish tertiary centre hospital
<p><strong>Figure S1:</strong> Forest plots 1 and 2 depicting Age and Gender strata associated Hazard ratio (Markers) estimates (95% Confidence Interval demonstrated by horizontal line) exhibited statistically significant results for individuals <65 years of age who had a delay in discharge due to complications from comorbidities; those in 65-75 years of age category, had prolonged LOS due to admission with frailty, falls and/or integrated rehabilitation needs; and 75-85 years of age category showed an association of at least 4 out of the 5 common delaying factors. Strata Gender exhibited a significant delay in discharge due to complications from comorbidities and patient-centred needs; in comparison to the female gender who also experienced a delay in discharge as a result of both factors alongside frailty, falls and/or integrated rehabilitation needs.<strong>[A. </strong>Complications/comorbidities prolonging discharge, <strong>B.</strong> Healthcare-associated infection, <strong>C</strong>. Frailty, falls and/or integrated rehabilitation needs, <strong>D</strong>. Patient-centred needs, <strong>E</strong>. Community services]. </p> <p><strong>Figure S2:</strong> Forest plot 3 depicting Multimorbidity (MM) strata-associated Hazard ratio (Markers) estimates (95% Confidence Interval demonstrated by horizontal line) exhibited a significant delay in discharge due to complications from comorbidities, frailty, falls, and/or integrated rehabilitation and patient-centred needs in patients with ≤4 MM. In contrast patients with >4 MM experienced significant delays in discharge due to complications from comorbidities and patient-centred needs. <strong>[A. </strong>Complications/comorbidities prolonging discharge, <strong>B.</strong> Healthcare-associated infection, <strong>C</strong>. Frailty, falls and/or integrated rehabilitation needs, <strong>D</strong>. Patient-centred needs, <strong>E</strong>. Community Services].</p>
Nature and well-being: The association of nature engagement and well-being during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
<p><span>1. </span><span>Numerous studies have shown the positive association between nature engagement and well-being. During the early phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, nature engagement changed dramatically as mental health and well-being declined across the globe.</span></p> <p><span>2. </span><span>This study examines how psychological connection to nature and engagement with nature in various forms is associated with well-being during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Specifically, we examine which types of nature engagement (i.e., with nearby nature, through nature excursions, and media-based) are more strongly associated with well-being based on measures of loneliness, rumination, pandemic emotional impact, and mental health.</span></p> <p><span>3. </span><span>We employed a cross-sectional online survey of adults (N=3,282) residing in the United States, 25% of whom report seldom spending time in nature.</span></p> <p><span>4. </span><span>Our findings revealed that the psychological construct of connection to nature was associated with less loneliness and greater mental health. Overall, nature engagement was a consistent predictor of well-being, but different types of activities predicted varying outcomes on our four dependent variables. Greater engagement with nearby nature during the pandemic was associated with less rumination, less pandemic emotional impact, and better mental health while nature excursions (e.g., camping, backpacking) and media-based nature engagement were associated with greater loneliness, more emotional impact from the pandemic, and worse mental health. Additionally, nature engagement via media was associated with greater rumination.</span></p> <p><span>5. </span><span>Our findings suggest that promoting opportunities to increase engagement with and access to nearby nature is associated with better human well-being, especially during challenging events, and should be part of a </span>multi-pronged approach for coping with the next public health crisis<span>.</span></p>
Raw Data for the article: Impact of the Organizational Model Adopted during the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Perceived Safety of Intensive Care Unit Staff
<p><strong>Background: </strong>The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had a devastating health, social, and economic effect on the population. Organizational, technical and structural operations aimed at protecting staff, outpatients and inpatients were implemented in an Italian hospital with a COVID-19 dedicated intensive care unit. The impact of the organizational model adopted on the perceived safety among staff was evaluated.</p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong>Descriptive, structured and voluntary, anonymous, non-funded, self-administered cross-sectional surveys on the impact of the organizational model adopted during COVID-19 on the perceived safety among staff.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>Response rate to the survey was 67.4% (153 completed surveys). A total of 91 (59%) of respondents had more than three years of ICU experience, while 16 (10%) were employed for less than one year. Group stratification according to profession: 74 nurses (48%); 12 medical-doctors (7%); 11 physiotherapists (7%); 35 nurses-aides (22%); 5 radiology-technicians (3%); 3 housekeeping (1%); 13 other (8%). The organizational model implemented at ISMETT made them feel safe during their workday. A total of 113 (84%) agreed or strongly agreed with the sense of security resulting from the implemented measures. A vast majority of respondents perceived COVID-19 as a dangerous and deadly disease (94%) not only for themselves but even more as vectors towards their families (79%). A total of 55% of staff took isolation measures and moved away from their home by changing personal habits. The organizational model was perceived overall as appropriate (91%) to guarantee their health.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The vast majority of respondents perceived the overall model applied during an unexpected, emergency situation as appropriate.</p>
Narratives on the present and the future in the time of Covid-19 pandemic: Uncertainty, subjective feeling and the role of positive anticipatory states.
<p><strong>Narratives on the present and the future in the time of Covid-19 pandemic: Uncertainty, subjective feeling and the role of positive anticipatory states.</strong></p>
EVALUATION OF EDUCATIONAL POLICIES FOR EMERGENCY REMOTE EDUCATION AND THE POST-PANDEMIC: A STUDY BASED ON THE LEGAL FRAMEWORKS OF THE STATE SCHOOL SYSTEM OF RORAIMA, BRAZIL
<p>This article provides an assessment of the legal framework built during the social isolation phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, by the Federal Government and the State Government of Roraima, regarding the provision of Emergency Remote Teaching (ERE). This is a research with a qualitative approach, developed through document analysis and bibliographical research, with the selection and categorization of all educational regulations issued by the Union and the state of Roraima in the years 2020 and 2021, as well as articles that deal with of the theme of ERE in the Scielo database and in the Capes Catalog of Theses and Dissertations. The normative instruments that sought to guarantee the right to education of children, young people and adults in basic education when school attendance was prohibited were highlighted. Among the main conclusions, it was found that the lack of infrastructure and technological knowledge of school communities were obstacles, as the bibliography shows, even though legally there was a significant effort from the Roraima Government, to guarantee autonomy to schools in offering ERE.</p>
The use of digital technologies among older adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A descriptive study in Turkey
<p>Data set from the article "The use of digital technologies among older adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A descriptive study in Turkey"</p>
The species coalescent indicates possible bat and pangolin origins of the COVID-19 pandemic
<p>A consensus species tree is reconstructed from 11 gene trees for human, bat, and pangolin beta coronaviruses from samples taken early in the pandemic (prior to April 1, 2020). Using coalescent theory, the shallow (short branches relative to the hosts) consensus species tree provides evidence of recent gene flow events between bat and pangolin beta coronaviruses predating the zoonotic transfer to humans. The consensus species tree was also used to reconstruct the ancestral sequence of human SARS-CoV-2, which was 2 nucleotides different from the Wuhan sequence. The time to most recent common ancestor was estimated to be Dec 8, 2019, with a bat origin. Some human, bat, and pangolin coronavirus lineages found in China are phylogenetically distinct, a rare example of a class II phylogeography pattern (Avise et al. in Ann Rev Eco Syst 18:489–422, 1987). The consensus species tree is a product of evolutionary factors, providing evidence of repeated zoonotic transfers between bat and pangolin as a reservoir for future zoonotic transfers to humans.</p>
Estimated mortality of the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) pandemic on Northern gannets (Morus bassanus) in southwest Ireland
<p><span>The 2022 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) outbreak that occurred in 2022 in many European countries affected several seabird species. Among them, Northern gannets (<em>Morus</em> <em>bassanus</em>), were particularly impacted. We conducted aerial surveys in waters around the two largest gannet colonies in Ireland (Little Skellig and Bull Rock, together representing 87% of the national population) in September 2022. During surveys, 184 dead gannets were recorded on survey effort, representing 3.74% of the total number of gannets recorded. We estimated the abundance of dead gannets in the surveyed area at 1,526 (95% CIs 1,299–1,793) individuals. The percentage of dead gannets observed was used to estimate a minimum local population mortality of 3,118 individuals across both colonies. Aerial surveys proved a reliable methodology providing key information on gannet mortality derived from HPAI at sea. The study provides the first estimate of gannet mortality in the two largest gannetries in Ireland.</span></p>
Exploring the HONO source during the COVID-19 pandemic in a megacity in China
<p>HONO concentrations were measured using an atmospheric HONO online detector (TiH300, Focused Photonics., China). An automatic weather station (QXZ1.0, Yigu Technologies, China) was used to observe temperature, relative humidity, wind direction, and wind speed. PM<sub>2.5</sub> was analyzed using a tapered element oscil-lating microbalance (Model 1400a, Thermo Electron, USA). Ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) was monitored using UV absorption (TE, Model 49i, Waltham, USA), while carbon monoxide (CO) was quantified using a gas filter correlation/non-dispersive infrared analyzer (TE, Model 48i, Waltham,USA). Nitrogen oxides (NO-NO<sub>2</sub>-NO<em><sub>x</sub></em>) were measured using an ammonia analyzer (AQMS-650, Focused Photonics, China). Photolysis rates of HCHO, NO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, NO–3, and HONO were measured using an atmospheric photolysis rate analyzer (PFS-100, Focused Photonics, China). An ambient ion monitor (URG-9000D, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) was used to obtain the hourly mass concentrations of NO–3.</p>
A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Distance Laughter Therapy for Mothers' Level of Depression, Anxiety, and Parental Stress during the COVID-19 Pandemic
<p>Presented here are both quantitative and qualitative datasets from a study titled 'A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Distance Laughter Therapy for Mothers’ Level of Depression, Anxiety, and Parental Stress during the COVID-19 Pandemic.' The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated significant lifestyle modifications globally, leading to heightened psychological stressors, notably depression and anxiety. Concurrently, the exigencies of parental care have escalated, thereby amplifying the risk of caregiver exhaustion and potential child maltreatment. This study sought to assess the efficacy and feasibility of utilizing distance laughter therapy for mothers who are looking after young children during these challenging times. The primary objective was to alleviate symptoms of depression, anxiety, and parental stress.</p>
Data - Positive and Negative Affect Schedule in early COVID-19 pandemic
<p>Data of a Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) study done in early COVID-19 pandemic. The dataset has 4 sheets. The first one and the second one have 334 rows and 45 columns. The third and the fourth have 87 rows and 2 columns. Note that the first sheet includes a comment about the data in column 5, rows 336-341. Sheets 1 and 2 present the same information, but in different language: sheet one is in English and sheet 2 is in Spanish. Sheets 3 and 4 also have the same content, again: sheet 3 in English and sheet 4 in Spanish.</p> <p>SPANISH: Datos de estudio con escala Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) realizado en los inicio de la pandemia COVID-19. El dataset incluye 4 hojas. La primera y la segunda contienen 334 filas y 45 columnas. La tercera y la cuarta tienen 87 filas y 2 columnas. Nótese que la primera hoja incluye un comentario sobre los datos en la columna 5, filas 336-341. Las hojas 1 y 2 contienen la misma información, pero en distinto idioma: la hoja 1 en inglés y la hoja 2 en español. Las hojas 3 y 4 también contienen la misma información, de nuevo: la hoja 3 en inglés y la hoja 4 en español. </p>
Evaluation of oxidative stress markers in Rwanda during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
<p>SARS-CoV-2 is mainly described as endothelial dysfunction, and due to the bidirectional link between oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, we initiated a program directed to the evaluation of the oxidative status of the population of Rwanda by measuring spectrophotometrically their plasma Reactive Oxygen Metabolites (dROMs) and Plasma Antioxidant Potential (PAT). The reference population was chosen to reflect the absence of actual or past SARS-CoV-2 infections as well as other clinically established infective status and reference intervals for d-ROM and PAT were identified.</p> <p>The average d-ROM was 378.6 UCARR with a standard deviation of 105.2. The average PAT value was 2853.6, with a standard deviation of 635.7 UCOR. On the basis of the published values for the Caucasian and East Asian populations, the average value of d-ROM obtained in Rwanda was significantly higher than expected. Conversely, the average PAT value was at the upper limit according to the averaged values for healthy Caucasian populations. The results of this study, the first so far reported on a sub-Saharan population, can effectively be used as a baseline value for clinical management of inflammatory conditions, for the stratification of at-risk individuals and to inform recommendations for effective use of public health resources.</p>
Adverse childhood events and clinical manifestation of anxiety symptoms in Greek adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are linked to the development of Anxiety in Adolescence. According to recent studies, the pandemic COVID-19 is a novel ACE that has increased Anxiety among adolescents. This study aims to investigate the relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and COVID-19 in the development of Anxiety in Adolescence. <strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study with a community sample of 248 boys and girls aged 12 to 15 years (Mean: 13.50 years) from five High Schools in Eastern Attica were conducted. A total of four questionnaires were used: 1) Demographic Questionnaire, 2) State-Trait-Anxiety-Inventory for Children – STAIC, 3) Adverse Childhood Experiences Scale, and 4) COVID-19 Impact Scale. <strong>Results: </strong>The results demonstrated a strong correlation between the total number of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and Anxiety (Trait and State) in adolescence (Trait Anxiety: rho=.37, p0.001; State Anxiety: rho=.29, p0.001). Girls scored substantially higher on Trait Anxiety (U = 4353, p 0.001) and State Anxiety (U = 5822.5, p = 0.014) than boys. Girls also demonstrated more significant Anxiety than boys. The number of adverse childhood experiences was found to be significantly related to the impact of COVID-19 (=0.025, p 0.001). <strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study's findings can be used to design and implement future effective, preventive, and therapeutic programs for adolescents with anxiety symptoms who were exposed to a variety of Adverse Childhood Experiences and the COVID-19 pandemic during their adolescence.</p>
Factors associated with work engagement of nurses during the fifth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: Web-based cross-sectional study
<p>A cross-sectional survey using Google Form was conducted in a target population of 400 nurses working in acute care and psychiatric institutions in Chiba and Tokyo prefectures, Japan. A total of 209 nurses participated in the study. Of these participants, 25 participants with missing survey items were excluded, resulting in a final sample of 184 participants (valid response rate: 46.0%). The survey was conducted from August 8 to September 30, 2021, during the “fifth wave” of the COVID-19 pandemic, when the number of positive cases was increasing. </p>
Implementing and Evaluating a Social-Emotional Learning Program for Refugee Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04931888. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Pandemic Triage Score in Patients With Known or Suspected Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) CoronaVirus (CoV) 2 Infection
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04371471. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 7.
Feasibility of Non-contact Magnetically-controlled Capsule Endoscopy During COVID-19 Pandemic
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04389333. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Immunogenicity of GSK Biologicals' Pandemic Influenza Vaccine (GSK1562902A) at Different Boosting Vaccination Schedules
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00652743. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 4. Publications: 1.
Interventions to Manage Food Insecurity and Inappropriate Feeding Practices Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04801134. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 8.
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