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10,356 results for “Severity”
California's forest carbon offset buffer pool is severely undercapitalized
<p>A copy of the input, intermediate, and final output data files underlying the analysis and figures of Badgley et al., "California’s forest carbon offset buffer pool is severely undercapitalized."</p>
Radar-based severe thunderstorm classification in Switzerland from 2016-2021
<p>The data is owned by MeteoSwiss and the Laboratoire de Télédétection Environnementale, EPFL. It is linked to the research article: Feldmann et al., 2022, Hailstorms and rainstorms versus supercells - a regional analysis of convective storm types in the Alpine region, submitted to npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. Whenever using the dataset, please include a reference to this article.</p> <p>This dataset contains thunderstorm track data of thunderstorms severe thunderstorms in Switzerland from 2016-2020. Tracked variables include time, position, size, translational speed and several intensity variables.</p> <p>The README.txt file contains a comprehensive list of all included variables and their units. The data is provided as a .txt file. The methods used to obtain this data are described in the corresponding publication (Feldmann et al., 2022).</p>
Optical constants of several multilayer transition metal dichalcogenides measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry in the 300-1700 nm range: high-index, anisotropy, and hyperbolicity
<p># Data and plotting code for "Optical constants of several multilayer transition metal dichalcogenides measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry in the 300-1700 nm range: high-index, anisotropy, and hyperbolicity" by Battulga Munkhbat, Piotr Wróbel, Tomasz J. Antosiewicz, and Timur O. Shegai, ACS Photonics (2022); https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.2c00433</p> <p><br> ## Contents</p> <p>* <TMD-material>: directories with raw and derived data for all 10 TMDs<br> * f3_dataset_*_nm_ex1_ex2_ey1_ey2_ez1_ez2.txt: obtained permittivities<br> * plot_*_v1.m: Matlab scripts for plotting data</p> <p>## Description of the data</p> <p>The raw and derived data stored in directories <TMD> contain the following files:</p> <p>* <TMD>/<date>-<TMD>.SEsnap: binary data file with collected data, CompleteEASE format<br> * <TMD>/<date>-<TMD>-E*.mat: ascii text file with permittivity data separated into individual components as exported from CompleteEASE software<br> * <TMD>/<date>-<TMD>-full.mat: ascii text file with fitted model parameters as exported from CompleteEASE software<br> * <TMD>/<TMD>-data/*.txt: selected raw data and fits for all considered samples (Mueller Matrix or Delta/Psi/depolarization).</p> <p>The structure of the data file names is as follows:<br> <order-number-in-CompleteEASE>-s<sample-name>-<data-type>.txt for general ellipsometry (delta, psi, depolarization) or<br> <order-number-in-CompleteEASE>-s<sample-name>-o<in-plane-sample-rotation-number>-mm.txt for Mueller Matrix measurements.</p> <p>The following two scripts can be used to plot the raw measured data (solig lines) along with corresponding fits (black dotted lines):</p> <p>* plot_mm_v1.m: Matlab script for plotting Mueller Matrix data for WTe2 and ReS2<br> * plot_psi_delta_depol_v1.m: Matlab script for plotting psi, delta, and depolarization data for other TMDs</p> <p>The diagonal permittivity tensor data are saved in the f3_dataset_*_nm_ex1_ex2_ey1_ey2_ez1_ez2.txt files which can be plotted using the plot_permittivity_v1.m Matlab script. The format of this file is as follows:</p> <p>wavelength in nanometers; real part of epsilon_xx; imaginary part of epsilon_xx; real part of epsilon_yy; imaginary part of epsilon_yy; real part of epsilon_zz; imaginary part of epsilon_zz;</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Effects of severe anthropogenic disturbance on the heart rate and body temperature in free-living greylag geese (Anser anser)
<p>Anthropogenic disturbances are a major concern for the welfare and conservation of wildlife. We recorded heart rate and body temperature of 20 free-living greylag geese in response to a major regularly re-occurring anthropogenic disturbance, New Year’s Eve fireworks. Heart rate and body temperature were significantly higher in the first and second hour of the new year, compared to the same hour on the 31<sup>st</sup> of December, the average during December and the average during January. Heart rate and body temperature was not significantly affected by sex or age. From 0200-0300 onwards, 1<sup>st</sup> of January heart rates did not significantly differ from the other periods, however body temperatures were significantly increased until 0300-0400. From 0400-0500, heart rate was not affected by any of the investigated factors, whereas body temperature was significantly increased on the 1<sup>st</sup> of January compared 31<sup>st</sup> of December and the December average but not compared to the January average. To conclude, our results show that New Year’s Eve fireworks cause a substantial physiological response, indicative of a stress response in greylag geese, which is costly in terms of energy expenditure.</p>
Full dataset of several mechanical tests on an S355 steel sheet as reference data for digital representations
<p>The dataset provided in this repository comprises data obtained from a series of characterization tests performed to a sheet of typical S355 (material number: 1.0577) structural steel (designation of steel according to DIN EN 10025-2:2019). The tests include methods for the determination of mechanical properties such as, e.g., tensile test, Charpy test and sonic resonance test. This dataset is intended to be extended by the inclusion of data obtained from further test methods. Therefore, the entire dataset (concept DOI) comprises several parts (versions), each of which is addressed by a unique version DOI.</p> <p>The data were generated in the frame of the digitization project Innovationplatform Material<em>Digital </em>(PMD) which, amongst other activities, aims to store data in a semantically and machine understandable way. Therefore, data structuring and data formats are focused in addition to aspects in the field of material science and engineering (MSE). Hence, this data is supposed to provide reference data as basis for experimental data inclusion, conversion and structuring (data management and processing) that leads to semantical expressivity as well as for MSE experts being generally interested in the material properties and knowledge.</p>
BOKURAD X-band radar data of two severe storms in Vienna, Austria
<p>Polarimetric X-band weather radar data of two severe storms in Vienna, Austria occurring on 26 June 2020 and 21 July 2020. The multicell storm on 26 June 2020 produced large hail with reported hail sizes of up to 5 cm. The storm on 21 July passed Vienna as squall line and produced non-severe (< 2 cm) hail.</p> <p>HDF5 data conforms to the OPERA Data Information Model (ODIM) standard.</p>
Figure 4 Mandible and p4 comparison for several European amphycionids. The red circle indicates the p4 in A new gigantic carnivore (Carnivora, Amphicyonidae) from the late middle Miocene of France
Figure 4 Mandible and p4 comparison for several European amphycionids. The red circle indicates the p4 position on the mandible. Modified from Dehm (1950), Kuss (1965), Bergounioux & Crouzel (1973), Viranta (1996), Peigné & Heizmann (2003), Peigné et al. (2008), Nagel, Stefen & Morlo (2009), Morales et al. (2021a) and Morales et al. (2021b). NMB TD1162 (Heizmannocyon steinheimensis), NMB SO4377 (Megamphicyon giganteus). The scale bar is five cm for the mandibles. The p4 are not to scale. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13457/fig-4
Dataset for Starting at the community: Treatment seeking pathways of children with suspected severe malaria in Uganda
<p>Dataset for the publication <strong>"Starting at the community: Treatment seeking pathways of children with suspected severe malaria in Uganda".</strong></p> <p>Data from the Community Access to Rectal Artesunate for Malaria (CARAMAL) Project, 2018-2021</p> <p>Descriptive analysis of treatment-seeking pathways of and antimalarial treatment provision for children under 5 years with suspected severe malaria in three districts of Northern Uganda. All children first sought treatment from a community health worker before being referred to a higher-level facility.</p>
Data from: Unravelling cucumber resistance to several viruses via genome-wide association studies highlighted resistance hotspots and new QTLs
<p>The mapping and introduction of sustainable resistance to viruses in crops is a major challenge in modern breeding, especially regarding vegetables. We hence assembled a panel of cucumber elite lines and landraces from different horticultural groups for testing with six virus species. We mapped 18 quantitative trait loci (QTL) with a multiloci genome wide association studies (GWAS), some of which have already been described in the literature. We detected two resistance hotspots, one on chromosome 5 for resistance to the cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), cucumber vein yellowing virus (CVYV), cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) and watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), colocalizing with the RDR1 gene, and another on chromosome 6 for resistance to the zucchini yellowing mosaic virus (ZYMV) and papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) close to the putative VPS4 gene location. We observed clear structuring of resistance among horticultural groups due to plant virus coevolution and modern breeding which have impacted linkage disequilibrium (LD) in resistance QTLs. The inclusion of genetic structure in GWAS models enhanced the GWAS accuracy in this study. The dissection of resistance hotspots by local LD and haplotype construction helped gain insight into the panel’s resistance introduction history. ZYMV and CMV resistance were both introduced from different donors in the panel, resulting in multiple resistant haplotypes at same locus for ZYMV, and in multiple resistant QTLs for CMV.</p>
Dataset for: Effectiveness of rectal artesunate as pre-referral treatment for severe malaria in children under 5 years of age: a multi-country observational study
<p>Dataset underlying the publication "<strong>Effectiveness of rectal artesunate as pre-referral treatment for severe malaria in children under 5 years of age: a multi-country observational study</strong>" (BMC Medicine)</p> <p>Data originating from the Community Access to Rectal Artesunate for Malaria (CARAMAL) Project, 2018-2021.</p> <p>Analysis of the health effect of the roll-out and administration of pre-referral rectal artesunate (RAS) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Nigeria and Uganda. Details provided in the publication.</p> <p> </p>
Supplementary material: Does functional redundancy determine the ecological severity of a mass extinction event?
<p>Many authors have noted the apparent "decoupling" of the taxonomic and ecological severity of mass extinction events, with no widely accepted mechanistic explanation for this pattern having been offered. Here we test between two key factors that potentially influence ecological severity: biosphere entropy (a measure of functional redundancy), and the degree of functional selectivity (in terms of deviation from a pattern of random extinction with respect to functional entities). While theoretical simulations suggest that the Shannon entropy of a given community prior to an extinction event determines the expected outcome following a perturbation of a given magnitude, actual variation in Shannon entropy between major extinction intervals is insufficient to explain the observed variation in ecological severity. Within this information-theoretic framework, we show that it is the degree of functional selectivity which is expected to primarily determine the ecological impact of a given perturbation when levels of functional redundancy are not substantially different.</p>
The interplay between prior selection, mild intermittent exposure, and acute severe exposure in phenotypic and transcriptional response to hypoxia
<p>Hypoxia has profound and diverse effects on aerobic organisms, disrupting oxidative phosphorylation and activating several protective pathways. Predictions have been made that exposure to mild intermittent hypoxia may be protective against more severe exposure and may extend lifespan. Both effects are likely to depend on prior selection on phenotypic and transcriptional plasticity in response to hypoxia, and may therefore show signs of local adaptation. Here we report the lifespan effects of chronic, mild, intermittent hypoxia (CMIH) and short-term survival in acute severe hypoxia (ASH) in four clones of <em>Daphnia magna</em> originating from either permanent or intermittent habitats, the latter regularly drying up with frequent hypoxic conditions. We show that CMIH extended the lifespan in the two clones originating from intermittent habitats but had the opposite effect in the two clones from permanent habitats, which also showed lower tolerance to ASH. Exposure to CMIH did not protect against ASH; to the contrary, <em>Daphnia</em> from the CMIH treatment had lower ASH tolerance than normoxic controls. Few transcripts changed their abundance in response to the CMIH treatment in any of the clones. After 12 hours of ASH treatment, the transcriptional response was more pronounced, with numerous protein-coding genes with functionality in mitochondrial and respiratory metabolism, oxygen transport, and, unexpectedly, gluconeogenesis showing up-regulation. While clones from intermittent habitats showed somewhat stronger differential expression in response to ASH than those from permanent habitats, there were no significant hypoxia-by-habitat of origin or CMIH-by-ASH interactions. GO enrichment analysis revealed a possible hypoxia tolerance role by accelerating the molting cycle and regulating neuron survival through up-regulation of cuticular proteins and neurotrophins, respectively.</p>
Food Allergy Severity Score Diagram (Spanish)
<p>The Food Allergy Severity Score (FASS) is an instrument developed and validated to score the severity of allergic reactions elicited by foods. FASS has three formats that can be mapped to each other consistently: two ordinal scores with 3 (oFASS-3) or 5 grades (oFASS-5), and a numerical score (nFASS). The development and validation are reported in the manuscript of Fernández-Rivas et al. published in Allergy (https://doi.org/10.1111/all.15165). </p>
Food Allergy Severity Score Diagram (English)
<p>The Food Allergy Severity Score (FASS) is an instrument developed and validated to score the severity of allergic reactions elicited by foods. FASS has three formats that can be mapped to each other consistently: two ordinal scores with 3 (oFASS-3) or 5 grades (oFASS-5), and a numerical score (nFASS). The development and validation are reported in the manuscript of Fernández-Rivas et al. published in Allergy (https://doi.org/10.1111/all.15165). </p>
Text-fig. 8. Scanning electron micrographs (a–f, h) and X-ray microtomographic orthoslices (g) of flowers from Zliv-Řídká Blana locality. a: Taxon 27, epigynous flower, no. NM-F 4504; b: Taxon 30, epigynous flower, remains of two thick sepals, a massive nectary disk (arrowhead) and two styles, no. NM-F 3199; c: Taxon 29, flower with stamens have long filament, calyx (ca) and corolla (co), no. NM-F 3198; d: Taxon 32, flower, no. NM-F 4503; e–h: Taxon 14, e – hypogenous flower, no. NM-F 3196, f – floral bud with a thick pedicel, no. NM-F 3196, g – flower with gynoecium showing central placentation and several seeds, no. NMF 3196, h – flower with gynoecium showing several seeds, no. NM-F 4505. in Plant Mesofossils From The Late Cretaceous Klikov Formation, The Czech Republic
Text-fig. 8. Scanning electron micrographs (a–f, h) and X-ray microtomographic orthoslices (g) of flowers from Zliv-Řídká Blana locality. a: Taxon 27, epigynous flower, no. NM-F 4504; b: Taxon 30, epigynous flower, remains of two thick sepals, a massive nectary disk (arrowhead) and two styles, no. NM-F 3199; c: Taxon 29, flower with stamens have long filament, calyx (ca) and corolla (co), no. NM-F 3198; d: Taxon 32, flower, no. NM-F 4503; e–h: Taxon 14, e – hypogenous flower, no. NM-F 3196, f – floral bud with a thick pedicel, no. NM-F 3196, g – flower with gynoecium showing central placentation and several seeds, no. NMF 3196, h – flower with gynoecium showing several seeds, no. NM-F 4505.
Text-fig. 3. Scanning electron micrographs of Normapolles flowers/fruits from Zliv-Řídká Blana locality. a: Budvaricarpus serialis, aggregation of laterally fused fruits supported by a common bract (br – bract, hp – hypanthium), no. NM-F 3160; b: Budvaricarpus sp., aggregation of laterally fused fruits supported by several bracts, no. NM-F 3619; c: Caryanthus trebecnsis, reproductive unit consists of three bisexual, epigynous flowers/young fruits, no. NM-F 3286; d: Dahlergeniantus sp., hypogynous flower with radial symmetry, no. NM-F 4495; e: Calathiocarpus sp., epigynous flower with radial symmetry, no. NM-F 4631; f: Caryanthus sp. 1, ribbed fruit–nut of deltoid shape, no. NM-F 3208; g: Zlivifructus vachae, bisymmetrical flower with four tepals and four stamens, no. NM-F 3172; h: Taxon 3, ribbed fruit of Normapolles affinity, no. NM-F 3724. in Plant Mesofossils From The Late Cretaceous Klikov Formation, The Czech Republic
Text-fig. 3. Scanning electron micrographs of Normapolles flowers/fruits from Zliv-Řídká Blana locality. a: Budvaricarpus serialis, aggregation of laterally fused fruits supported by a common bract (br – bract, hp – hypanthium), no. NM-F 3160; b: Budvaricarpus sp., aggregation of laterally fused fruits supported by several bracts, no. NM-F 3619; c: Caryanthus trebecnsis, reproductive unit consists of three bisexual, epigynous flowers/young fruits, no. NM-F 3286; d: Dahlergeniantus sp., hypogynous flower with radial symmetry, no. NM-F 4495; e: Calathiocarpus sp., epigynous flower with radial symmetry, no. NM-F 4631; f: Caryanthus sp. 1, ribbed fruit–nut of deltoid shape, no. NM-F 3208; g: Zlivifructus vachae, bisymmetrical flower with four tepals and four stamens, no. NM-F 3172; h: Taxon 3, ribbed fruit of Normapolles affinity, no. NM-F 3724.
Text-fig. 5. Several trace fossil types found within turbidite facies in Majalengka area (Muljana 2012). (a) Chondrites, (b) Planolites, (c–e) Thalassinoides, (f) Cruziana?. Scale bar 5 cm. in Lithofacies And Ichnofacies Of Turbidite Deposits, West Java, Indonesia
Text-fig. 5. Several trace fossil types found within turbidite facies in Majalengka area (Muljana 2012). (a) Chondrites, (b) Planolites, (c–e) Thalassinoides, (f) Cruziana?. Scale bar 5 cm.
Text-fig. 4. Charred grass from diatomite of Saint-Bauzile. a: Overview of diatomite slab with one larger specimen of charred grass (left) and several smaller, lath-shaped charcoal fragments; SM.B 22260; scale bar = 1 cm. b: Detail of vein exhibited on split grass blade, with stomata oriented parallel to vein. c: Stomata oriented in rows and bands parallel to veins exposed on split grass blade. d: Surface of grass leaf with rectangular, elongated cells with strongly undulating margins in an intercostal area. in Evidence For Wildfires During Deposition Of The Late Miocene Diatomites Of The Konservat-Lagerstätte Lake Saint-Bauzile (Ardèche, France) - Preliminary Results
Text-fig. 4. Charred grass from diatomite of Saint-Bauzile. a: Overview of diatomite slab with one larger specimen of charred grass (left) and several smaller, lath-shaped charcoal fragments; SM.B 22260; scale bar = 1 cm. b: Detail of vein exhibited on split grass blade, with stomata oriented parallel to vein. c: Stomata oriented in rows and bands parallel to veins exposed on split grass blade. d: Surface of grass leaf with rectangular, elongated cells with strongly undulating margins in an intercostal area.
Text-fig. 4: Pterigophycos sp., details of specimen in Text-fig. 3a. a: Blades B5–7; b: Close-up of (a), focusing on attachment of small blades B5–7 to holdfast structure; c: Detail of holdfast with several linear elements extending from proximal portion; d: Detail of blade B2, showing midrib and spathulate lamina segments; e: Detail of blade B1, showing lowermost, smallest lamina segments; f: tiny bivalve shell on stipe of blade B1, scale bar = 5 mm; g: Detail of blade B2, showing proximal beginning of lamina segmentation. Scale bars = 1 cm unless otherwise stated. in A Whole-Plant Specimen Of The Marine Macroalga Pterigophycos From The Eocene Of Bolca (Veneto, N-Italy)
Text-fig. 4: Pterigophycos sp., details of specimen in Text-fig. 3a. a: Blades B5–7; b: Close-up of (a), focusing on attachment of small blades B5–7 to holdfast structure; c: Detail of holdfast with several linear elements extending from proximal portion; d: Detail of blade B2, showing midrib and spathulate lamina segments; e: Detail of blade B1, showing lowermost, smallest lamina segments; f: tiny bivalve shell on stipe of blade B1, scale bar = 5 mm; g: Detail of blade B2, showing proximal beginning of lamina segmentation. Scale bars = 1 cm unless otherwise stated.
Credibility Corpus with several datasets (Twitter, Web database) in French and English
<p>please cite this dataset by :</p> <p>Nicolas Turenne. The rumour spectrum. <em>PLoS ONE</em>, Public Library of Science, 2018, 13 (1), pp.e0189080.1-27. <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189080">⟨10.1371/journal.pone.0189080⟩</a>. <a href="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01691934">⟨hal-01691934⟩</a></p> <p> </p> <p>The set of these datasets are made to analyze information credibility in general (rumor and disinformation for English and French documents), and occuring on the social web. Target databases about rumor, hoax and disinformation helped to collect obviously misinformation. Some topic (with keywords) helps us to made corpora from the micrroblogging platform Twitter, great provider of rumors and disinformation.</p> <p>1 corpus describes Texts from the web database about rumors and disinformation. 4 corpora from Social Media Twitter about specific rumors (2 in English, 2 in French). 4 corpora from Social Media Twitter randomly built (2 in English, 2 in French). 4 corpora from Social Media Twitter about specific rumors (2 in English, 2 in French).</p> <p>Size of different corpora :</p> <p>Social Web Rumorous corpus: 1,612</p> <p>French Hollande Rumorous corpus (Twitter): 371 French Lemon Rumorous corpus (Twitter): 270 English Pin Rumorous corpus (Twitter): 679 English Swine Rumorous corpus (Twitter): 1024</p> <p>French 1st Random corpus (Twitter): 1000 French 2st Random corpus (Twitter): 1000 English 3st Random corpus (Twitter): 1000 English 4st Random corpus (Twitter): 1000</p> <p>French Rihanna Event corpus (Twitter): 543 English Rihanna Event corpus (Twitter): 1000 French Euro2016 Event corpus (Twitter): 1000 English Euro2016 Event corpus (Twitter): 1000</p> <p>A matrix links tweets with most 50 frequent words</p> <p>Text data :</p> <p>_id : message id body text : string text data</p> <p>Matrix data :</p> <p>52 columns (first column is id, second column is rumor indicator 1 or -1, other columns are words value is 1 contain or 0 does not contain) 11,102 lines (each line is a message)</p> <p>Hidalgo corpus: lines range 1:75 Lemon corpus : lines range 76:467 Pin rumor : lines range 468:656 swine : lines range 657:1311</p> <p>random messages : lines range 1312:11103</p> <p>Sample contains : French Pin Rumorous corpus (Twitter): 679 Matrix data :</p> <p>52 columns (first column is id, second column is rumor indicator 1 or -1, other columns are words value is 1 contain or 0 does not contain) 189 lines (each line is a message)</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.