Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
496
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.7.1
Dataset results
496 results for “Tibetan Plateau”
New understanding of the spatiotemporal lightning activity over the Tibetan Plateau based on WWLLN data
<p>The submitted data are associated with the figures in the paper titled "New understanding of the spatiotemporal lightning activity over the Tibetan Plateau based on WWLLN data". The following is the abstract of this paper.</p> <p> </p> <p>The spatiotemporal distribution of the lightning activity over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) has been previously studied based on data from the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) aboard the polar-orbit Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite. In this study, using lightning data from the World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN), we reinvestigated the lightning activity over the TP and found that the geographic and seasonal lightning distributions suggested by the WWLLN are somewhat different from those obtained from the LIS. In particular, 1) while the LIS indicates strong lightning activity over the northeastern TP, the WWLLN indicates relatively weak lightning activity over the region; 2) the WWLLN indicates the existence of a center with relatively frequent lightning activity over the south-by-west TP, which is not indicated by the LIS; furthermore, 3) the WWLLN indicates the most frequent lightning in August and September, while the LIS suggests July and June. The black body temperature data from the Fengyun-2E geostationary satellite (as a proxy of deep convection), thunderstorm day data, and local cloud-to-ground lightning data strongly support the lightning spatiotemporal distribution patterns suggested by the WWLLN. The difference between the WWLLN and LIS data is attributed to their very different sample numbers and observation methods, and the situation that lightning tends to occur in the lower part of TP thunderstorms. Owing to the time-continuous nature, the WWLLN data were also used to obtain the ten-day distributions of lightning in space and time and the diurnal variation of lightning. This study may further elucidate our knowledge of the lightning activity over the TP.</p>
Data from: Plants are more likely to be spiny at mid-elevations in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, south-western China
Aim: We tested the elevational herbivory defence hypothesis, which predicts that plants from low elevations are better defended than plants from higher elevations. Location: The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in south-western China - the world's highest plateau. Major taxa studied: Angiosperms. Methods: We collated binary spinescence data for 10,622 angiosperm species ranging from 600 to 6,000 m a.s.l. Logistic regression was used to quantify the elevational pattern in spinescence. Because spinescence is thought to be especially effective against mammalian herbivores, we also quantified the association between spinescence and mammalian herbivore richness. Results: We found a unimodal relationship between elevation and spinescence, with the highest proportion of spinescent species occurring at mid-elevations. This unimodal relationship was present in perennial herbs, shrubs and trees, but not in annual herbs. Herbivorous mammal richness also showed a unimodal elevational pattern. A positive association between herbivorous mammal richness and the incidence of spinescent species suggests that elevational variation in herbivore pressure from mammals might drive elevational variation in spinescence. Main conclusions: Our findings further call into question the elevational herbivory defence hypothesis and shed new light on the potential causes of elevational gradients in plant diversity.
Phenological changes offset the warming effects on biomass production in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
<p>1. Phenology is an important indicator of plant response to environmental changes and is closely correlated with biomass production. However, how changes of phenological events affect plant biomass production when exposed to changing temperature and precipitation remains unclear.</p> <p>2. We conducted a four-year manipulative experiment of warming and precipitation addition to explore phenology-biomass interactions under climate change in a dry alpine meadow on the central Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from 2015 to 2018.</p> <p>3. In dry and warm years, warming delayed phenology and precipitation addition advanced them. Warming decreased biomass of Kobresia pygmaea in 2018 and biomass of Poa pratensis in 2015, 2017 and 2018. However, precipitation addition significantly increased the biomass of Poa pratensis and Potentilla multifida in most of the experimental years. Phenological changes regulated the responses of biomass to treatments. Specifically, delay of green up of P. pratensis and delay of withering of K. pygmaea induced by warming can increase biomass production, but it can be offset by the direct negative effects of warming on biomass.</p> <p>4. Synthesis. Here we show how warming induced drought tend to decrease biomass production of graminoids and the negative effects of warming on biomass of P. pratensis and K. pygmaea were partially offset by green up postponement and withering postponement, respectively. Our results highlights phenology is a crucial regulator for biomass production under climate change. Hence, both direct and indirect effects of warming and precipitation addition on phenology and biomass cannot be ignored when predicting biomass responses to climate change.</p>
Data from: Genetic adaptation of Tibetan poplar (Populus szechuanica var. tibetica) to high altitudes on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
<p>Plant adaptation to high altitudes has long been a substantial focus of ecological and evolutionary research. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying such adaptation remain poorly understood. Here, we address this issue by sampling, genotyping, and comparing populations of Tibetan poplar, Populus szechuanica var. tibetica, distributed from low (~2000 m) to high altitudes (~3000 m) of Sejila Mountain on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Population structure analyses allow clear classification of two groups according to their altitudinal distributions. However, in contrast to the genetic variation within each population, differences between the two populations only explain a small portion of the total genetic variation (3.64%). We identified asymmetrical gene flow from high- to low-altitude populations. Integrating population genomic and landscape genomic analyses, we detected two hotspot regions, one containing four genes associated with altitudinal variation, and the other containing ten genes associated with response to solar radiation. These genes participate in abiotic stress resistance and regulation of reproductive processes. Our results provide insight into the genetic mechanisms underlying high-altitude adaptation in Tibetan poplar.</p>
Nitrogen economy of alpine plants on the north Tibetan Plateau: nitrogen conservation by resorption rather than open sources through biological symbiotic fixation
<p>Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important factors limiting plant productivity, and N fixation by legume species is an important source of N input into ecosystems. Meanwhile, N resorption from senescent plant tissues conserves nutrients taken up in the current season, which may alleviate ecosystem N limitation. N fixation was assessed by the <sup>15</sup>N dilution technique in four types of alpine grasslands along the precipitation and soil nutrient gradients. The N resorption efficiency (NRE) was also measured in these alpine grasslands. The aboveground biomass in the alpine meadow was 4–6 times higher than in the alpine meadow-steppe, alpine steppe, and alpine desert-steppe. However, the proportion of legume species to community biomass in the alpine steppe and the alpine desert steppe was significantly higher than the proportion in the alpine meadow. N fixation by the legume plants in the alpine meadow was 0.236 g N m<sup>-2</sup>, which was significantly higher than N fixation in other alpine grasslands (0.041 to 0.089 g N m<sup>-2</sup>). The NRE in the alpine meadows was lower than in the other three alpine grasslands. Both the aboveground biomass and N fixation of the legume plants showed decreasing trends with the decline of precipitation and soil N gradients from east to west, while the NRE of alpine plants showed increasing trends along the gradients, which indicates that alpine plants enhance the NRE to adapt to the increasing droughts and nutrient-poor environments. The opposite trends of N fixation and NRE along the precipitation and soil nutrient gradients indicate that alpine plants adapt to precipitation and soil nutrient limitation by promoting NRE (conservative nutrient use by alpine plants) rather than biological N fixation (open sources by legume plants) on the north Tibetan Plateau.</p>
Fault interaction and its impact on crustal extrusion in southeastern Tibetan Plateau: insights from geodynamical numerical modeling
<p>Files include the data of the numerical model and model results of all cases in the study.</p>
FIGURE 10 in DNA barcodes and morphology reveal two new species of Monodiamesa Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae: Prodiamesinae) in Tibetan Plateau
FIGURE 10. Monodiamesa bathyphila (Japanese population). Photos: (A–B) hypopygium. (Prodiamesa chuzenigra, from NMNS, No: 052:001); (C–D) hypopygium. (illustrated by Masaru Yamamoto). Scale bar: A–D, 100 μm.
FIGURE 9 in DNA barcodes and morphology reveal two new species of Monodiamesa Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae: Prodiamesinae) in Tibetan Plateau
FIGURE 9. Monodiamesa tibetica (Holotype, from Nankai University). Photos: (A–B) hypopygium, dorsal view, ventral view; (C) superior volsella; (D) median volsella; (E) basal median lobe. Scale bar: A–B, 50 μm; C–E, 25 μm.
FIGURE 7 in DNA barcodes and morphology reveal two new species of Monodiamesa Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae: Prodiamesinae) in Tibetan Plateau
FIGURE 7. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., female. Photos: (A) hypopygium, ventral view. Illustration. (B) antenna; (C) S VIII; (D) hypopygium, ventral view. Scale bar: A, 50μm; B–E, 100 μm.
FIGURE 8 in DNA barcodes and morphology reveal two new species of Monodiamesa Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae: Prodiamesinae) in Tibetan Plateau
FIGURE 8. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., immatures. Photos: (A–B) pharate, P/M, lateral view, dorsal view; (C) pupa, pedes spurii B; (D) pupa, segment VIII; (E) larva, procercus. (F) larva, head capsule, ventral view. Illustration: (G) larva, mentum. Scale bar: A–B, 50 μm; C–D, 20μm; E–G, 50 μm.
FIGURE 6 in DNA barcodes and morphology reveal two new species of Monodiamesa Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae: Prodiamesinae) in Tibetan Plateau
FIGURE 6. Monodiamesa bonalpicola sp. n., male. Photos: (A) hypopygium; (B) basal median lobe; (C) hind tibial comb. Illustration: (D) hypopygium, dorsal view; (E) hypopygium, ventral view. Scale bar: A–E, 50 μm.
FIGURE 2 in DNA barcodes and morphology reveal two new species of Monodiamesa Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae: Prodiamesinae) in Tibetan Plateau
FIGURE 2. Neighbor-joining tree based on the 146 COI barcodes of Prodiamesinae. Only bootstrap support (1000 replicates)> 70% are shown on the branches.
FIGURE 4 in DNA barcodes and morphology reveal two new species of Monodiamesa Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae: Prodiamesinae) in Tibetan Plateau
FIGURE 4. Monodiamesa secunditibetica sp. n., female. Photos: (A) hypopygium, ventral view. Illustration: (B) antenna; (C) S VIII; (D) dorsomesal lobe, apodeme and ventrolateral lobe; (E) hypopygium, ventral view. Scale bar: A–B, 100 μm; C–E, 50 μm.
FIGURE 3 in DNA barcodes and morphology reveal two new species of Monodiamesa Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae: Prodiamesinae) in Tibetan Plateau
FIGURE 3. Monodiamesa secunditibetica sp. n., male. Photos: (A) hypopygium; (B) clypeus; (C) MVo; (D) basal median lobe. Illustration: (E) hypopygium, dorsal view; (F) hypopygium, ventral view. Scale bar: A–B, 100 μm; C–F, 50 μm.
FIGURE 5 in DNA barcodes and morphology reveal two new species of Monodiamesa Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae: Prodiamesinae) in Tibetan Plateau
FIGURE 5. Monodiamesa secunditibetica sp. n., immatures. Photos: (A–B) pharate, P/M, lateral view, dorsal view; (C) pupa, thoracic horn; (D) pupa, anal lobe; (E) larva, head capsule, ventral view; (F) larva, ventromental plate. Illustration: (G) larva, mandible; (H) larva, mentum; (I) larva, antenna. Scale bar: A–B, 100 μm; C, 200 μm; D–F, 100 μm; G, 20 μm; H, 50 μm; I, 25 μm.
Data from: Herbivory and competition of Tibetan steppe vegetation in winter pasture: effects of livestock exclosure and plateau pika reduction
Rangeland degradation has been identified as a serious concern in alpine regions of western China on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau (QTP). Numerous government-sponsored programs have been initiated, including many that feature long-term grazing prohibitions and some that call for eliminating pastoralism altogether. As well, government programs have long favored eliminating plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae), assumed to contribute to degraded conditions. However, vegetation on the QTP evolved in the presence of herbivory, suggesting that deleterious effects from grazing are, to some extent, compensated for by reduced plant-plant competition. We examined the dynamics of common steppe ecosystem species as well as physical indicators of rangeland stress by excluding livestock and reducing pika abundance on experimental plots, and following responses for 4 years. We established 12 fenced livestock exclosures within pastures grazed during winter by local pastoralists, and removed pikas on half of these. We established paired, permanent vegetation plots within and outside exclosures and measured indices of erosion and biomass of common plant species. We observed modest restoration of physical site conditions (reduced bare soil, erosion, greater vegetation cover) with both livestock exclusion and pika reduction. As expected in areas protected from grazing, we observed a reduction in annual productivity of plant species avoided by livestock and assumed to compete poorly when protected from grazing. Contrary to expectation, we observed similar reductions in annual productivity among palatable, perennial graminoids under livestock exclusion. The dominant grass, Stipa purpurea, displayed evidence of density-dependent growth, suggesting that intra-specific competition exerted a regulatory effect on annual production in the absence of grazing. Complete grazing bans on winter pastures in steppe habitats on the QTP may assist in the recovery of highly eroded pastures, but may not increase annual vegetative production.
Data from: Influence of environmental factors on the genetic variation of the aquatic macrophyte Ranunculus subrigidus on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
<p><b>Background: </b>Due to the environmental heterogeneity along elevation gradients, alpine ecosystems are ideal study objects for investigating how ecological variables shape the genetic patterns of natural species. The highest region in the world, the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, is a hotspot for the studies of evolutionary processes in plants. Many large rivers spring from the plateau, providing abundant habitats for aquatic and amphibious organisms. In the present study, we examined the genetic diversity of 13 <i>Ranunculus subrigidus</i> populations distributed throughout the plateau in order to elucidate the relative contribution of geographic distance and environmental dissimilarity to the spatial genetic pattern. </p> <p><b>Results: </b>A relatively low level of genetic diversity within populations was found. No spatial genetic structure was suggested by the analyses of molecular variance, Bayesian clustering analysis and Mantel tests. Partial Mantel tests and multiple matrix regression analysis showed a significant influence of the environment on the genetic divergence of the species. Both climatic and water quality variables contribute to the habitat heterogeneity of <i>R. subrigidus </i>populations. </p> <p><b>Conclusions: </b>Our results suggest that historical processes involving long-distance dispersal and local adaptation may account for the genetic patterns of <i>R. subrigidus</i> and current environmental factors play an important role in the genetic differentiation and local adaptation of aquatic plants in alpine landscapes.</p>
Data from: Phylogeography and evolution of a fungal-insect association on the Tibetan Plateau
Parasitoidism refers to a major form of inter-species interactions where parasitoids sterilize and/or kill their hosts typically before hosts reach reproductive age. However, relatively little is known about the evolutionary dynamics of parasitoidism. Here we investigate the spatial patterns of genetic variation of Chinese cordyceps, including both the parasitoidal fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis and its host insects. We sampled broadly from alpine regions on the Tibetan Plateau and obtained sequences on seven fungal and three insect DNA fragments from each of the 125 samples. Seven and five divergent lineages/cryptic species were identified within the fungus and host insects respectively. Our analyses suggested that O. sinensis and host insects originated at similar geographic regions in southern Tibet/Yunnan, followed by range expansion to their current distributions. Cophylogenetic analyses revealed a complex evolutionary relationship between O. sinensis and its host insects. Significant congruence was found between host and parasite phylogenies and the time estimates of divergence were similar, raising the possibility of the occurrence of cospeciation events, but the incongruences suggested that host shifts were also prevalent. Interestingly, one fungal genotype was broadly distributed, consistent with recent gene flow. In contrast, the high-frequency insect genotypes showed limited geographic distributions. The dominant genotypes from both the fungus and the insect hosts may represent ideal materials from which to develop artificial cultivation of this important Chinese traditional medicine. Our results demonstrate that both historical and contemporary events have played important roles in the phylogeography and evolution of the O. sinensis-ghost moth parasitoidism on the Tibetan Plateau.
Data from: Colonization of the Tibetan Plateau by the homoploid hybrid pine Pinus densata
Pinus densata is an intriguingly successful homoploid hybrid species that occupies vast areas of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau in which neither of its parental species are present, but the colonization processes involved are poorly understood. To shed light on how this species colonized and became established on the plateau, we surveyed paternally inherited chloroplast (cp) and maternally inherited mitochondrial (mt) DNA variation within and among 54 populations of P. densata and its putative parental species throughout their respective ranges. Strong spatial genetic structure of both cp and mtDNA were detected in P. densata populations. Mitotypes specific to P. densata were likely generated by complex recombination events. A putative ancestral hybrid zone in the northeastern periphery of P. densata was identified, and we propose that the species then colonized the plateau by migrating westwards. Along the colonization route, consecutive bottlenecks and surfing of rare alleles caused a significant reduction of genetic diversity and strong population differentiation. The direction and intensity of introgression from parental species varied among geographic regions. In western parts of its range the species seems to have been isolated from seed and pollen flow from its parent species for a long time. The observed spatial distribution of genetic diversity in P. densata also appears to reflect the persistence of this species on the plateau during the last glaciation. Our results indicate that both ancient and contemporary population dynamics have contributed to the spatial distribution of genetic diversity in P. densata, which accordingly reflects its evolutionary history.
The incorporated GNSS velocity solution of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau by Rui Xu from Sichuan University
<p>This repository saves the latest incorporated GNSS velocity solution (following GAMIT/GLOBK format) of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau by Rui Xu from Sichuan University. </p> <p>The velocity sources are from,</p> <p><span>Wang, M., & Shen, Z.</span><span>‐</span><span>K. (2020). Present</span><span>‐</span><span>day crustal deformation of continental China derived from GPS and its tectonic implications. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 125, e2019JB018774. </span><span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JB018774"><span>https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JB018774</span></a></span></p> <p><span>Dai, C., Gan, W., Li, Z., Liang, S., Xiao, G., Zhang, K., & Zhang, L. (2023). Characteristics of Regional GPS Crustal Deformation before the 2021 Yunnan Yangbi Ms 6.4 Earthquake and Its Implications for Determining Potential Areas of Future Strong Earthquakes. Remote Sensing, 15(12), 3195.</span></p> <p><span>Huang, Y., Meng, G.J., Cheng, X., Wu, W.W., Yang, Y.X. Present–day crustal deformation in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau: Insights from three–dimensional finite–element modeling. Tectonophysics, 2023, 863, 229983.</span></p> <p><span>Li, Y., Song, S., Hao, M., Zhuang, W., Cui, D., Yang, F., & Wang, Q., 2023.Present-day crustal deformation across the Daliang Shan,southeastern Tibetan Plateau constrained by a dense GPS network. Geophys. J. Int., 232, 1619–1638. doi: 10.1093/gji/ggac412.</span></p> <p><span>Li, Z., Wang, Y., Gan, W., Fang, L., Zhou, R., Seagren, E.G., et al.Diffuse deformation in the SE Tibetan Plateau: New insights from geodetic observations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2020, 125, e2020JB019383.</span></p> <p><span>Rui, X., Lindsey, E. O., & Wu, J. P. (2024). Geodetic slip rate partitioning in the central Anninghe and Daliangshan faults: Effects of fault geometry, elastic heterogeneity, and viscoelastic rheology. Tectonophysics, 230174.</span></p> <p><span>Rui, X., & Stamps, D. S. (2019). Strain accommodation in the Daliangshan Mountain area, southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 124. </span><span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JB017614"><span>https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JB017614</span></a></span></p> <p><span>Zhang, L., Liang, S.M., Yang, X.P., Gan, W.J., Dai C.L. Geometric and kinematic evolution of the Jiali fault, eastern Himalayan Syntaxis. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2021, 212, 104722.</span></p> <p><span>Zhou, Y.; Xu, L.; Pan, Z.; Hao, M.; Li, C. A Potential Earthquake with Magnitude Mw 7.2 on the Northern Xiaojiang Fault Revealed by GNSS Measurement. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 944. </span><span><a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15040944"><span>https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15040944</span></a></span></p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.