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FIG. 10 in Turonian-Santonian echinoids from Egypt

FIG. 10. — Biometric data on Thylechinus (T.) sinaiensis n. sp. showing the relation between: test diameter and test height (H); test diameter and both of width of ambulacrum (Wa, filled quadrangles, solid line) and width of interambulacrum (Wi, empty quadrangles, dashed line); test diameter and each of number ambulacral tubercles per row (Na, filled quadrangles, solid line) and number of interambulacral tubercles per row (Ni, empty quadrangles, dashed line); test diameter and each of diameter of peristome (Dp, filled quadrangles, solid line) and length of apical system (Ls, empty quadrangles, dashed line).

FIG. 7 in Turonian-Santonian echinoids from Egypt

FIG. 7. — Camera lucida drawings: A, B, plating, tuberculation and poring in Phymosoma baylei (Cotteau, 1864) from the Turonian of Wadi Abu Qaada; A, ambital ambulacral plates; B, ambital interambulacral plate; C, D, plating, tuberculation and poring in Phymosoma beadnelli (Gregory, 1906) from the Coniacian-Santonian of Abu Roash; C, adapical ambulacral plates; D, ambital interambulacral plates; E, F, plating, tuberculation and poring in Phymosoma thevestense (Péron & Gauthier, 1879) from the Coniacian-Santonian of Abu Roash; E, ambital interambulacral plates; F, subambital ambulacral plates; G, plating and tuberculation of ambital interambulacral plates in Rachiosoma irregulare Fourtau, 1921 from the Turonian of Wadi Abu Qaada. Scale bars: A, 0.8 mm; B, 0.9 mm; C, D, 1 mm; E, F, 0.5 mm; G, 0.7 mm.

FIG. 16 in Turonian-Santonian echinoids from Egypt

FIG. 16. — Biometric data on Toxaster dakhlensis n. sp., from the Turonian of Wadi Dakhl, showing the relation between test length (L) and each of test width (W); test height (H); length of petal I or V (LI), and number of pore pairs in petal I or V (NI; filled quadrangles, solid line); and length of petal II or IV (LII), and number of pore pairs in petal II or IV (NII; empty quadrangles, dashed line).

FIG. 6 in Turonian-Santonian echinoids from Egypt

FIG. 6. — Camera lucida drawings: A, B, plating, tuberculation and poring of ambital interambulacral plates (A) and ambital ambulacral plates (B) in Orthopsis miliaris (d'Archiac, 1835) from the Coniacian-Santonian of Abu Roash; C, D, plating, tuberculation and poring of ambital interambulacral plates (C) and ambital ambulacral plates (D) in Orthopsis ovata (Coquand, 1862) from the Turonian of Wadi Abu Qaada; E, F, plating, tuberculation and poring in Phymosoma abbatei (Gauthier, 1898) from the rudist unit of Abu Roash; E, adapical half ambulacrum; F, adoral half interambulacrum and half ambulacrum; G, plating, tuberculation and poring of adapical half ambulacrum in Phymosoma baylei (Cotteau, 1864) from the Turonian of Wadi Abu Qaada. Scale bars: A, 0.4 mm; B, 0.3 mm; C, D, 1 mm; E, F, 0.8 mm; G, 0.4 mm.

FIG. 9 in Turonian-Santonian echinoids from Egypt

FIG. 9. — Camera lucida drawings: A, plating, tuberculation and poring of subambital ambulacrum in Phymosoma thevestense (Péron & Gauthier, 1879) from the Coniacian-Santonian of Abu Roash; B-D, plating, tuberculation and poring in Thylechinus (T.) sinaiensis n. sp. from the Turonian of Wadi Abu Qaada; B, adapical ambulacrum; C, ambital ambulacral plates; D, subambital interambulacral plates; E-G, plating, tuberculation and poring in Thylechinus (O.) quincuncialis Gregory, 1906 from the Turonian of Wadi Abu Qaada; E, ambital interambulacral plate; F, adapical ambulacrum; G, ambital ambulacrum. Scale bars: A, B, 0.5 mm; C, 0.4 mm; D, 0.8 mm; E, 2 mm; F, 0.9 mm; G, 1 mm.

FIG. 13 in Turonian-Santonian echinoids from Egypt

FIG. 13. — Comparison of Petalobrissus djelfensis (Thomas & Gauthier, 1889) from the Coniacian-Santonian of Abu Roash and Wadi Dakhl (filled quadrangles, dashed line) and Petalobrissus waltheri (Gauthier, 1900) from the Coniacian-Santonian of Abu Roash and Wadi Dakhl (empty quadrangles, solid line). The scatter plots show the relation between test length (L) and each of test width (W), test height (H), length of petal I or V (LI), number of pore pairs in petal I or V (NI), length of petal II or IV (LII), number of pore pairs in petal II or IV (NII), length of petal III (LIII), and number of pore pairs in petal III (NIII).

FIG. 1 in Turonian-Santonian echinoids from Egypt

FIG. 1. — Location map showing the localities (�) from which the present material was collected in Egypt.

FIGURE 5 in Lower Jaw of Spathites (Ammonoidea: Acanthoceratoidea) from the Upper Cretaceous (Turonian) of New Mexico

FIGURE 5. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the lower jaw of Spathites puercoensis (NMMNH P-79962) showing A, ventral and B, lateral views.

FIGURE 4 in Lower Jaw of Spathites (Ammonoidea: Acanthoceratoidea) from the Upper Cretaceous (Turonian) of New Mexico

FIGURE 4. Cross section of a piece of the aptychus from the anterior edge of the left plate, with the outer (ventral) surface on top. A. The aptychus is 0.19 mm thick and consists of a very thin outer layer 7.7 µm thick and a thicker inner (dorsal) layer—the rest of the aptychus. B. Close-up of the bottom of the inner layer showing oblique laminations. C. Close-up of the middle of the inner layer showing massive microstructure. D. Close-up of the outer layer showing massive microstructure.

FIGURE 2. A in Lower Jaw of Spathites (Ammonoidea: Acanthoceratoidea) from the Upper Cretaceous (Turonian) of New Mexico

FIGURE 2. A. Overview of New Mexico Museum of Natural History P-79962 showing the specimen of Spathites puercoensis (upper arrow) and the associated jaw (lower arrow). B. Close-up of the umbilical nodes (arrows) surrounding the umbilicus, which is a characteristic of this species. C. Whorl cross section at the base of the body chamber with the last septum of the phragmocone on top. D. Fragment of the apertural margin (arrow) of another specimen of S. puercoensis next to the aptychus. E. Close-up of the inflated apertural margin (arrow) and part of the shell covered with growth lines. Scale bar = 1 cm.

FIGURE 1 in Lower Jaw of Spathites (Ammonoidea: Acanthoceratoidea) from the Upper Cretaceous (Turonian) of New Mexico

FIGURE 1. Map and stratigraphic section showing the locality of Spathites puercoensis (Herrick and Johnson, 1900) and its aptychus.

FIGURE 3. A in Lower Jaw of Spathites (Ammonoidea: Acanthoceratoidea) from the Upper Cretaceous (Turonian) of New Mexico

FIGURE 3. A. Ventral view of the lower jaw (arrows) comprising two calcareous plates (= the aptychus). B. Close-up of the median hinge (arrow) between the two calcareous plates. C. Close-up of the broadly concave anterior margin (arrow) of the left plate. D. Close-up of the posterior margin (arrow) of the left plate near the median hinge showing the comarginal ribs. Scale bar = 1 cm.

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Text-fig. 2. Latest Albian – Late Cretaceous palaeobotanical-palaeogeographical subregions of the North Pacific Region (a); modern outline of North-eastern Asia is shown for the Coniacian (after Smith et al. 1981): 1 – the Verkhoyansk-Chukotka Subregion, 2 – the Okhotsk-Chukotka Subregion, 3 – the Anadyr-Koryak Subregion (modified from Herman 2013) and geographical and geological position of the Turonian – Coniacian floras (b) (present-day map, modified from Shczepetov and Herman 2013). in On The Likely Palaeoelevation Of The Turonian - Coniacian Arman Flora Site (North-Eastern Asia)

Text-fig. 2. Latest Albian – Late Cretaceous palaeobotanical-palaeogeographical subregions of the North Pacific Region (a); modern outline of North-eastern Asia is shown for the Coniacian (after Smith et al. 1981): 1 – the Verkhoyansk-Chukotka Subregion, 2 – the Okhotsk-Chukotka Subregion, 3 – the Anadyr-Koryak Subregion (modified from Herman 2013) and geographical and geological position of the Turonian – Coniacian floras (b) (present-day map, modified from Shczepetov and Herman 2013).

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Text-fig. 1. Palaeogeographical scheme (distribution of land and sea basins) in part of Eurasia at the beginning of the Late Cretaceous (modified from Spicer et al. 2008). The green leaf symbol indicates the site of the Arman Flora. Asterisks indicate the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanogenic belt. Dashdotted line indicates the boundary between the Siberian- Canadian and Euro-Sinian palaeofloristic regions (modified from Vakhrameev 1991). in On The Likely Palaeoelevation Of The Turonian - Coniacian Arman Flora Site (North-Eastern Asia)

Text-fig. 1. Palaeogeographical scheme (distribution of land and sea basins) in part of Eurasia at the beginning of the Late Cretaceous (modified from Spicer et al. 2008). The green leaf symbol indicates the site of the Arman Flora. Asterisks indicate the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanogenic belt. Dashdotted line indicates the boundary between the Siberian- Canadian and Euro-Sinian palaeofloristic regions (modified from Vakhrameev 1991).

Fig. 10 in New Araripesuchus Remains from the Early Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) of Patagonia

Fig. 10. Reduced strict consensus of the six most parsimonious trees obtained in the cladistic analysis using TNT (Goloboff et al., 2003). The specimen MPCAPV 236 is excluded from the consensus (small solid circles show its alternative positions within the Araripesuchus clade).

Fig. 8 in New Araripesuchus Remains from the Early Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) of Patagonia

Fig. 8. Lower jaw of Araripesuchus sp. MPCAPV 236 in right lateral view. See appendix 4 for abbreviations.

Fig. 7 in New Araripesuchus Remains from the Early Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) of Patagonia

Fig. 7. Lower jaw of Araripesuchus sp. MPCAPV 236 in ventral view. See appendix 4 for abbreviations.

Fig. 6 in New Araripesuchus Remains from the Early Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) of Patagonia

Fig. 6. Lower jaw of Araripesuchus sp. MPCAPV 236 in dorsal view. See appendix 4 for abbreviations.

Fig. 4 in New Araripesuchus Remains from the Early Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) of Patagonia

Fig. 4. Choanal opening of Araripesuchus in ventral view. Left. Araripesuchus buitreraensis MPCA PV 235. Middle. Araripesuchus gomesii AMNH 24450. Right. Araripesuchus patagonicus MUCPV 269 (after Ortega et al., 2000). Scale bar 5 1 cm. See appendix 4 for abbreviations.

Fig. 2 in New Araripesuchus Remains from the Early Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) of Patagonia

Fig. 2. Holotype of Araripesuchus buitreraensis MPCAPV 235 in ventral view. See appendix 4 for abbreviations.