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349 results for “Viability”
Data from: Egg viability, mating frequency and male mating ability evolve in populations of Drosophila melanogaster selected for resistance to cold shock
Background: Ability to resist temperature shock is an important component of fitness of insects and other ectotherms. Increased resistance to temperature shock is known to affect life-history traits. Temperature shock is also known to affect reproductive traits such as mating ability and viability of gametes. Therefore selection for increased temperature shock resistance can affect the evolution of reproductive traits. Methods: We selected replicate populations of Drosophila melanogaster for resistance to cold shock. We then investigated the evolution of reproductive behavior along with other components of fitness- larval survivorship, adult mortality, fecundity, egg viability in these populations. Results: We found that larval survivorship, adult mortality and fecundity post cold shock were not significantly different between selected and control populations. However, compared to the control populations, the selected populations laid significantly higher percentage of fertile eggs (egg viability) 24 hours post cold shock. The selected populations had higher mating frequency both with and without cold shock. After being subjected to cold shock, males from the selected populations successfully mated with significantly more non-virgin females and sired significantly more progeny compared to control males. Conclusions: A number of studies have reported the evolution of survivorship in response to selection for temperature shock resistance. Our results clearly indicate that adaptation to cold shock can involve changes in components of reproductive fitness. Our results have important implications for our understanding of how reproductive behavior can evolve in response to thermal stress.
Data from: Assessing the contributions of reduced immigrant viability and fecundity to reproductive isolation
Reduced fitness of immigrants from alternative environments is thought to be an important reproductive isolating barrier. Most studies evaluating the importance of the relative fitness of immigrants to speciation have focused on reduced survival of immigrants (i.e., immigrant inviability). However, variation in fecundity appears to have a greater impact on variation in fitness than does variation in viability, suggesting that reduced fecundity of immigrants could act as an important yet largely overlooked reproductive isolating barrier. Using a model and a survey of studies of local adaptation, we evaluate the relative strength of reduced immigrant viability and fecundity as potential causes of reproductive isolation. We found that reduced fecundity as compared to reduced viability as a reproductive isolating barrier should increase in importance as the relative costs of reproduction increase. Consistent with the elevated demands of reproduction reported in the literature, we found that reproductive isolation from reduced immigrant fecundity was of similar magnitude or greater than that from reduced immigrant viability, particularly in the early stages of speciation. These results suggest that the important role of differential fecundity in local adaptation extends to speciation.
Data from: Impact of genetic reduction of NMNAT2 on chemotherapy-induced losses in cell viability in vitro and peripheral neuropathy in vivo
Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyl transferases (NMNATs) are essential neuronal maintenance factors postulated to preserve neuronal function and protect against axonal degeneration in various neurodegenerative disease states. We used in vitro and in vivo approaches to assess the impact of NMNAT2 reduction on cellular and physiological functions induced by treatment with a vinca alkaloid (vincristine) and a taxane-based (paclitaxel) chemotherapeutic agent. NMNAT2 null (NMNAT2-/-) mutant mice die at birth and cannot be used to probe functions of NMNAT2 in adult animals. Nonetheless, primary cortical cultures derived from NMNAT2-/- embryos showed reduced cell viability in response to either vincristine or paclitaxel treatment whereas those derived from NMNAT2 heterozygous (NMNAT2+/-) mice were preferentially sensitive to vincristine-induced degeneration. Adult NMNAT2+/- mice, which survive to adulthood, exhibited a 50% reduction of NMNAT2 protein levels in dorsal root ganglia relative to wildtype (WT) mice with no change in levels of other NMNAT isoforms (NMNAT1 or NMNAT3), NMNAT enzyme activity (i.e. NAD/NADH levels) or microtubule associated protein-2 (MAP2) or neurofilament protein levels. We therefore compared the impact of NMNAT2 knockdown on the development and maintenance of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy induced by vincristine and paclitaxel treatment using NMNAT2+/- and WT mice. NMNAT2+/- did not differ from WT mice in either the development or maintenance of either mechanical or cold allodynia induced by either vincristine or paclitaxel treatment. Intradermal injection of capsaicin, the pungent ingredient in hot chili peppers, produced equivalent hypersensitivity in NMNAT2+/- and WT mice receiving vehicle in lieu of paclitaxel. Capsaicin-evoked hypersensitivity was enhanced by prior paclitaxel treatment but did not differ in either NMNAT2+/- or WT mice. Thus, capsaicin failed to unmask differences in nociceptive behaviors in either paclitaxel-treated or paclitaxel-untreated NMNAT2+/- and WT mice. Moreover, no differences in motor behavior were detected between genotypes in the rotarod test. Our studies do not preclude the possibility that complete knockout of NMNAT2 in a conditional knockout animal could unmask a role for NMNAT2 in protection against detrimental effects of chemotherapeutic treatment.
Toxicity Dataset for "Efficient solar disinfection (SODIS) using polypropylene based transparent jerrycans: An investigation into its effectiveness, viability, and water sample toxicity"
<p>Toxicity data including abosrbance and percentage viability obtainbed from research for three TJC Verison 1</p> <p> </p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Hall RM, Urban B, Skalova H, Moravcová L, Sölter U, Starfinger U, Kazinczi G, van Valkenburg J, Fenesi A, Konstantinovic B, Uludag A, Lommen S, Karrer G (2021) Seed viability of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) is affected by seed origin and age, but also by testing method and laboratory. NeoBiota 70: 193-221. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.70.66915
Supporting tables and figures
Pathogenic LRRK2 causes age-dependent and region-specific deficits in ciliation, innervation and viability of cholinergic neurons_2
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Fig 2 from: Mckean NE, Trewick SA, Griffin MJ, Dowle EJ, Morgan-Richards M (2018) Viability and fertility of hybrid New Zealand tree wētā Hemideina spp. (Orthoptera: Anostostomatidae). Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(2): 97-106. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.14963
Fig 2 A. Tibia length of adult female F1 hybrids compared with adult females from the two parent species, showing no significant difference; B. Tibia length of F1 hybrid males compared with males of the two parent species, showing a significant difference: p-value = 0.0001.
Fig 1 from: Mckean NE, Trewick SA, Griffin MJ, Dowle EJ, Morgan-Richards M (2018) Viability and fertility of hybrid New Zealand tree wētā Hemideina spp. (Orthoptera: Anostostomatidae). Journal of Orthoptera Research 27(2): 97-106. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.14963
Fig 1 Distribution of the three North Island New Zealand species of tree wētā (Hemideina) and an H. thoracica × H. crassidens F1 hybrid. The distributions of the species were taken from Morgan-Richards and Wallis (2003) and Morgan-Richards (2000).
An integrated population model to project viability of a northern bobwhite population in Ohio [DATA]
<p>Increased variation in interannual weather due to climate change can exert a powerful influence on the population dynamics of a species. Understanding the influence of severe weather is important for managing weather-sensitive species. While best management practices target vital rates that are affected by weather, focusing on a single vital rate may not be sufficient if other vital rates are secondarily limiting. A comprehensive modeling framework to forecast future population dynamics while incorporating weather scenarios and vital rate variation within observed ranges that can be affected by management actions are necessary. A potential approach is to combine an integrated population model (IPM) with a population viability analysis (PVA) to generate novel insights about population dynamics. We used the northern bobwhite (<i>Colinus virginianus</i>), a rapidly declining gamebird sensitive to snowfall along the northern extents of the species' range, to demonstrate the utility of a coupled IPM-PVA framework for projecting the response of a population to weather, management, and changes in vital rates. We created an IPM using two sources of count data spanning seven years, five years of winter survival data, and two years of breeding season demographics for a declining bobwhite population in southwestern Ohio during 2007–2015. Quasi-extinction probability at the end of the decadal projection during 2019–2029 was 0.384–0.410 for mild, average, and severe winter weather scenarios. Quasi-extinction probability declined to 0.326 with 20% improvement in nest success and summer survival rates. A concurrent 20% increase in winter survival further reduced quasi-extinction probability to 0.263, which is a ~36% reduction in quasi-extinction probability compared to the baseline scenario with no changes in vital rates. These results suggest that long-term viability of this population may depend on extensive management of winter habitat to improve survival but will also require management actions to improve fecundity after severe winters. Our modeling approach demonstrated how IPMs can be used to project population responses to future weather conditions and overcome some of the pitfalls of traditional PVA. The coupled framework presented here can serve as a tool for managers to make climate informed management decisions.</p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Horváth E, Martvoňová M, Danko S, Havaš P, Kaňuch P, Uhrin M (2021) Distribution range and population viability of Emys orbicularis in Slovakia: a review with conservation implications. Nature Conservation 44: 141-161. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.44.69644
Dataset of presence data and fossil records of Emys orbicularis in Slovakia
Microwell-Based Flow Culture Increases Viability and Restores Drug Response in Prostate Cancer Spheroids
<p>Data files for main manuscript figures.</p>
Figure 2 A in Effect of soil class and moisture on the depth of pupation and pupal viability of Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Hancock (1994)
Figure 2 A) Scheme of the moisture levels (0%, 30%, 60% and 90%) and classes of soils tested (S1 – sandy, S2 - sandy clay loam, and S3 - clay loam), for a total of 12 treatments; B) Polystyrene foam containers, divided into stacked 1 cm rings.
The Impact of Delflex on Mesothelial Cell Viability and Peritoneal Transport
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01292863. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 0. Publications: 14.
Coronary Revascularization Based on CMR Viability Study Vs Direct Revascularization in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05194865. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 0. Publications: 4.
Removable GORE VIABIL® Biliary Endoprosthesis for Treatment of Benign Biliary Strictures
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01343160. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
ACTIVATE: AI-driven Clinical-trial Trial-Information and Viability Assessment Tool for EHRs
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07232043. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
The Success of Opening Single CTO Lesions to Improve Myocardial Viability Study (SOS-comedy)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02767401. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 0. Publications: 3.
Viability of an Educational Program for Lifestyle Changes and an Algorithm for the Derivation of Exercise Programs in Older People at Risk of Dependency at Primary Care.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05772910. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 0. Publications: 38.
The Viability of Short Stems in Total Hip Arthroplasty
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02577822. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Factors That Influence Adipose Derived Regenerative Cells' Yield and Viability
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02651233. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 3.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.