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Supporting Information for Article "MarINvaders: A web toolkit of marine species for use in environmental assessments"
<p>An Excel file with the overview of number of species per ecoregion and classes of alien species is available online. The code for querying and harmonizing the databases was published as a separate package (see Lonka et al. (2021))and available with an open source (GPL v3) license at <a href="https://gitlab.com/marinvaders/marinvaders">https://gitlab.com/marinvaders/marinvaders</a>.</p>
Hash data files for "Hashes are not suitable to verify fixity of the public archived web"
<p>This work investigates the fixity of a set of archived webpages, or mementos. We conducted a study on 16,627 mementos from 17 public web archives. We replayed and downloaded the mementos 39 times using a headless browser over a period of 442 days and generated a hash for each memento after each download, resulting in 39 hashes per memento. The hashes were generated by creating Merkle trees to represent hashes at each level of the memento. A hash was generated for each resource used to construct the full webpage and then the hashes were combined to generate an overall hash for the composite memento.</p> <p>There are 39 data files, one for each download. </p> <p>The mementos downloaded come from the dataset at <a href="https://github.com/oduwsdl/mementos-fixity/">https://github.com/oduwsdl/mementos-fixity/</a></p>
Based and confused: Tracing the political connotations of a memetic phrase across the web
<p><em>Datasets and details for the paper "<a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517231163175">Based and confused: Tracing the political connotations of a memetic phrase across the web</a>"</em></p> <p><strong>Datasets</strong></p> <p>Datasets for the case study on the spread of the vernacular term "based" across 4chan/pol/, Reddit, and Twitter. Data was gathered in November 2021. All files are anonymised as much as possible. They contain:</p> <ul> <li>Comments on 4chan and Reddit mentioning "based". False positives were filtered out until the precision was over 0.9. See filtering steps below. <ul> <li>Reddit: Comments mentioning "based" between 2010-01-01 and 2021-11-01. Collected via the Pushshift API. Data from deleted subreddits may be absent in their last month.</li> <li>4chan/pol/: Posts and comments mentioning "based" between 2013-11-28 and 2021-11-01. Data derived from 4plebs and 4CAT.</li> <li><em>Twitter data was not included for ethical reasons, but constitutes: Tweets mentioning "based" between 2010-01-01 and 2021-11-01. Collected via the Twitter v2 API. Retweets or promoted tweets not allowed.</em></li> </ul> </li> <li>Counts per day and month for the datasets above.</li> <li>Sampled and annotated posts from three snapshots. Includes the 200 most-liked or highest-scoring posts from Twitter and Reddit, and a random sample for 4chan/pol/. Annotated with general comments, who was deemed based, and whether the post concerns meta-discussion on the term. Snapshots: <ul> <li>July 2012</li> <li>January 2017</li> <li>September 2021</li> </ul> </li> <li>The most-common words between "based " and "pilled" on all three platforms, used for the ternary plot in the paper.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Queries</strong></p> <p>Table 2 below details the queries we carried out for the collection of the initial datasets. For all platforms, we chose to retain non-English languages since the diffusion of the term in other languages was also deemed relevant.</p> <table> <caption>Initial queries for the datasets</caption> <tbody> <tr> <td>source</td> <td>query</td> <td>query type</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Twitter</td> <td> <p>(#based OR</p> <p>(based (pilled OR pill OR redpilled OR redpill OR chad OR virgin OR cringe OR cringy OR triggered OR trigger OR tbh OR lol OR lmao OR wtf OR swag OR nigga OR finna OR bitch OR rare)</p> <p>)</p> <p>OR " is based" OR "that\'s based" OR "based as fuck" OR "based af" OR "too based" OR "fucking based" "extremely based" OR "totally based" OR "incredibly based" OR "very based" OR "so based" OR "pretty based" OR "quite based" OR "kinda based" OR "kind of based" OR "fairly based" OR "based ngl" OR "as based as" OR "thank you based " OR "stay based" OR "based god")</p> <p>-"based in"-"based off"-"based * off"-"based around"-"based * around"-"based on"-"based * on"-"based out of"-"based upon"-"based * upon"-"based at"-"based from"-"is based by"-"is based of"-"on which * is based"-"upon which * is based"-"which is based there"-"is based all over"-"based more on"-"plant based"-"text based"-"turn based"-"need based"-"evidence based"-"community based" -"web based"</p> <p>-is:retweet -is:nullcast</p> </td> <td>Twitter v2 API</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Reddit</td> <td>based -"based in" -"based off" -"based around" -"based on" -"based them on" -"based it on" -"evidence based"</td> <td>Pushshift API</td> </tr> <tr> <td>4chan/pol/</td> <td>lower(body) LIKE '%based%' AND lower(body) NOT SIMILAR TO '%(-based|debased|based in |based off |based around |based on |based them on|based it on|based her on|based him on|based only on|based completely on|based solely on|based purely on|based entirely on|based not on |based not simply on|based entirely around|based out of|based upon |based at |is based by |is based of|on which it is based|on which this is based|which is based there|is based all over|which it is based|is based of |based firmly on|based off |based solely off|based more on|plant based|text based|turn based|need based|evidence based|community based|home based|internet based|web based|physics based)%'</td> <td>PostgreSQL</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><strong>Data gaps</strong></p> <p>There were some data gaps for 4chan/pol/ and Reddit. /pol/ data was missing because of gaps in the archives (mostly due to outages). The following time periods are incomplete or missing entirely:</p> <ul> <li> <p>15 - 16 April 2019</p> </li> <li> <p>14 - 15 December 2019</p> </li> <li> <p>3 - 10 December 2020</p> </li> <li> <p>29 March 2021</p> </li> <li> <p>10 - 12 April 2021</p> </li> <li> <p>16 - 18 August 2021</p> </li> <li> <p>11 October 2021</p> </li> </ul> <p>The 4plebs archive moreover only started in November 2013, meaning the first two years of /pol/’s existence are missing.</p> <p>The data returned by the Pushshift API did not return posts for certain dates. We somewhat mitigated this by also retrieving data through the new Beta endpoint. However, the following time periods were still missing data:</p> <ul> <li> <p>1 - 30 September 2017</p> </li> <li> <p>1 February - 31 March 2018</p> </li> <li> <p>5 - 6 November 2020</p> </li> <li> <p>23 March 2021 through 27 March 2021</p> </li> <li> <p>10 - 13 April 2021</p> </li> </ul> <p><strong>Filtering</strong></p> <p>Afterward initial data collection, we carried out several rounds of filtering to get rid of remaining false positives. For 4chan/pol/, we only needed to do this filtering once (attaining 0.95 precision), while for Twitter we carried out eight rounds (0.92 precision). For Reddit, we formulated nearly 500 exclusions but failed to generate a precision over 0.9. We thus had to do more rigorous filtering. We observed that longer comments were more likely to be false positives, so we removed all comments over 350 characters long. We settled on this number on the basis of our first sample; almost no true positives were over 350 characters long. Furthermore, we removed all comments except for those wherein <em>based</em> was used as a standalone word (thus excluding e.g. “plant-based”), at the start or end of a sentence, in capitals, or in conjunction with certain keywords or in certain phrases (e.g. “kinda based”). We also deleted posts by bot accounts by (rather crudely) removing posts of usernames including ‘bot’ or ‘auto’. This finally led to a precision of 0.9.</p> <table> <caption>Filters used for the 4chan/pol/ data.</caption> <tbody> <tr> <td>-based|location based</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table> <caption>Filters used for the Twitter data.</caption> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p>@-mentions with “based”</p> <p>"on which <max. 25 characters> is based"</p> <p>"where <max. 25 characters> is based"<br> "kinda based <max. 15 characters> off "</p> <p>"wherever <max. 15 characters> is based"</p> <br> #based #customer| alkaline based| anime based | are based near | astrology based | at the based of| b0Iuip5wnA| based economy| based game | based locally| based my name | based near | based not upon| based points| based purely off| based quite near | based solely off| based soy source| based upstairs| blast based| class based| clearly based of this| combat based| condition based| dos based| emotional based| eth based| fact based| gender based| he based his | he's based in | indian based| is based for fans| is based lies| is based near | is based not around | is based not on | is based once again on | is based there| is based within| issue based| jersey based| listen to 01 we rare| music based| oil based| on which it's based| page based 1000| paper based| park based | pc based| pic based| pill based regimen| puzzle based| sex based | she based her | she's based in | skill based| story based| they based their | they're based in| toronto based| trigger on a new yoga 2| u.s. based| universal press| us based| value based| we're based in | where you based?| you're based in |#alkaline #based|#apps #based|#based #acidic|#flash #based|#home #based|#miami #based|#piano #based|#value #based|american based|australia based|australian based|based my decision|based entirely around|based entirely on|based exactly on |based her announcement|based her decision|based her off|based him off|based his announcement|based his decision|based largely on|based less on|based mostly on|based my guess|based only around|based only on|based partly on|based partly upon|based purely on |based solely around|based solely on|based strictly on|based the announcement|based the decision|based their announcement|based their decision|based, not upon|battery based|behavior based|behaviour based|blockchain based|book based series|canon based|character based|cloud based|commision based|component based|computer based|confusion based|content based|depression based|dev based|dnd based|factually based|faith based|fear based|flash based|flintstones based|flour based|home based|homin based|i based my|interaction based|is based circa|is based competely on|is based entirely off|is based here|is based more on|is based outta|is based totally on |is based up here|is based way more on|live conferences with r3|living based of|london based|luck based|malex based|market based|miami based|needs based|nyc based|on which the film is based|opinion based|piano based|point based|potato based|premise is based|region based|religious based|science based|she is based there|slavery based show|softball based|thanks richard clark|u.k. based|uk based|vendor based|vodka based|volunteer based|water based|where he is based|where the disney film is based|where the military is based|who are based there|who is based there|wordpress cms</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table> <caption>Filters used for the Reddit data.</caption> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p>Allowed all posts:</p> <ol> <li> <p>“based” and one of the following keywords:<br> "left", "right", "lib", "trump", "fren", "god", "pill", "chad", "virgin", "cring", "trigger", "tbh", "lol", "lmao", "wtf", "damn", "swag", "nigga", "finna", "bitch", "rare", "department", "amogus"</p> </li> <li> <p>“based” in one of the following collocations:<br> "is based", ">based ", "based and ", "the based ", "that is based", "that's based","this is based","he's based","she's based","they're based","so based","totally based","actually based","too based","very based","incredibly based","totally based","extremely based","fucking based","unfathomably based","based as fuck","based af","unironically based","the most based","super based","ultra based","utterly based","completely based","pretty based","quite based","kinda based","kind of based","fairly based","based ngl","as based as","stay based","keep based","ty based ","thank you based","thanks based","bless you based"</p> </li> <li> <p>Posts were based was used in a certain format:<br> BASED (all caps)<br> Based (capitalised)<br> based (at the start of a comment)<br> based (at the end of a comment)<br> Based.<br> \nBased<br> based.<br> . based<br> #based</p> </li> </ol> <p>Excluded all posts with the following patterns:</p> <ul> <li>based AND system (e.g. “ARM based system)</li> <li>"based <max. 25 characters> on"</li> <li>"based <max. 25 characters> off"</li> <li>"based <max. 25 characters> around"</li> <li>"where <max. 25 characters> is based"</li> <li>"where <max. 25 characters>re based"</li> <li>"where <max. 25 characters> are you based"</li> </ul> <p>Excluded all posts with the following collocations:</p> <p> amd based| animal based| app based| arch based| are based inside| are based near| area based| arm based| asset based| based a bit off| based after | based censor | based chips| based consumer| based definition| based dessert| based device| based diet| based entirely on| based food| based gpu| based harassment| based highly around| based machine| based magic| based mostly in| based not on | based of that| based of whether| based only off | based product| based program| based project| based transaction| based upon| belief based| bell based| bleach based| book based| bp based| br based| bsd based| bt based| card based| caustic based| challenge based| chassis based| cis based| class based| cloud based| coconut based| cream based| creature based| csx based| cube based| cuisine based| dare based| debt based| dex based| driver based| earth based| eu based| event based| fact based| faith based| faith based| fat based| fear based| ffmpeg based| flash based| flipswitch| flour based| food based| foundry based| frog based| gcd based| gel based| gig based| glitch based| glue based| grid based| ground based| hit based| hours based| i based it | incentive based| iota based| is based extensively on| is based extremely on| is based heavily| is based inside| is based per | is based solely on| is primarily based| judgement based| latex based| law based| lead based| light based| lightning based| logic based| loot based| lore based| luck based| mac based| map based| match based| meaning based| melt based| meta based| mib based| mobile based| na based | node based| norfolk based| nyc based| oat based| oil based| pc based| pea based| pg based| power based| price based| project based| projectile based| proof based| race based| race based| rage based| ratio based| reaction based| reality based| result based| rhythm based| rights based| round based| rule based| salt based| samba based| samurai based| sap based| sea based| self based| seo based| sex based| shadow based| sinus based| soy based| soy based| space based| spr based| stack based| stat based| state based| stealth based| strength based| team based| time based| token based| transformer based| trent based| tuna based| tw based| u.s. based| uk based| uk based| us based| usa based| values based| vg based| war based| ward based| water based| where based?| whiplash based| wine based| wis based| xp based| you based your | zone based|-based|ability based|achievement based|acoustic based|alcohol based|american based|amphetamine based|android based|armor based|artifact based|asia based|assumption based|athletically based|attack based|barter based|based a bit on|based almost entirely on|based and referenced|based around |based at |based entirely around|based entirely off|based entirely on|based exclusively on|based from her |based from my |based from our |based from their |based from your |based her decision|based her opinion|based his decision|based his opinion|based in |based it off |based just around |based just off |based just on |based just outside|based mostly on|based my decision|based my opinion|based of a |based of an |based of of |based of what|based off |based on |based our decision|based our opinion|based out of|based outside|based purely on|based salad|based solely around|based solely on|based strictly on |based their decision|based their opinion|based upon |battery based|bean based|bitcoin based|blockchain based|blueberry based|box based|browser based|camera based|canada based|carbon based|caste based|causality based|cellulose based|chance based|character based|charisma based|chicago based|chrome based|chromium based|church based|city based|classroom based|clinically based|combo based|commision based|commission based|community based|compassion based|computer based|concept based|connection based|consensus based|consumer based|consumption based|cookie based|corn based|cornstarch based|corporate based|country based|crypto based|customer based|cutthroath based|cypher based|dairy based|debian based|defence based|democracy based|desktop based|detective based|diamond based|dioxide based|discussion based|domestic based|donation based|element based|elemental based|emotion based|empathy based|employment based|enchantment based|energy based|english based|error based|espresso based|estonia based|europe based|european based|evasion based|evidence based|evidenced based|exploration based|explosive based|factually based|faith based|fetish based|fiction based|fire based|firefox based|frantic based|fundamental based|gender based|github based|gps based|grappling based|gravity based|greed based|ground based|group based|he based his|heat based|home based|horizon based|hotkey based|houston based|i based my |income based|input based|inquiry based|intel based|interest based|internet based|is based all over|is based by |is based of|is based of |israeli based|issue based|japan based|java based|javascript based|jelly based|kent based|knowledge based|land based|latin based|lecture based|level based|linux based|liverpool based|location based|london based|magic based|market based|melee based|merit based|mexico based|military based|mission based|momentum based|monetary based|monster based|movement based|music based|mustard based|myth based|mythology based|méxico based|narrative based|nature based|need based|neelix based|neutral based|number based|objective based|on which it is based|on which this is based|opinion based|outcome based|oxide based|pagan based|party based|pattern based|pcr based|penalty based|percentage based|performance based|peroxide based|personality based|petroleum based|phonk based|physics based|picture based|plant based|pornographic based|potato based|product based|protocol based|ptsd based|recovery based|religion based|religions based|religious based|results based|revenue based|reward based|rfid based|ribbon based|rng based|road based|role-playing based|rpg based|ryzen based|sample based|sativa based|sci fi based|science based|scientific based|server based|service based|sexually based|she based her|shellac based|silicone based|simulation based|sketch based|skill based|smear based|snapshot based|source based|spider based|sprite based|sql based|story based|strategically based|strategy based|subscription based|sword based|tech based|text based|they are based there|they based their|thunder based|tomato based|tower based|transaction based|transformation based|triplet based|turn based|u.k. based|uk based|unix based|usa based|usd based|vagina based|vector based|vinegar based|water based|we based our|wealth based|web based|where are you based|where i'm based|where they are based|where they were based|where you based?|which is based there|which it is based|windows based|x4 based|yeast based</p> <p>Excluded all posts with “bot” or “auto” in the username</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p>
Figure 5 in A New Species of Australian Funnel-web Spider (Mygalomorphae, Atracidae, Hadronyche) Redefines the Family Atracidae
Figure 5. Hadronyche nadgee sp. nov., male (A, H, AMS KS.131059; B, F, G, AMS KS.131063; C, AMS KS.131061; D, AMS KS.131064; E, holotype AMS KS.131058): (A) tarsus I, right leg, dorsal; (B) distal tarsus II, ventral; (C) femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, left leg II, prolateral; (D) tibia II, right leg, retrolateral; (E) patella, tibia, metatarsus III, left leg, prolateral; (F) distal metatarsus and tarsus III, left leg, ventral; (G) distal metatarsus and tarsus IV, left leg, prolateral; (H) tarsus IV, right leg, dorsal. Scale lines = 0.5 mm
Figure 2 in A New Species of Australian Funnel-web Spider (Mygalomorphae, Atracidae, Hadronyche) Redefines the Family Atracidae
Figure 2. Hadronyche nadgee sp. nov., male (A, B, D, holotype AMS KS.131058; C, AMS KS.131062): (A) cephalothorax, chelicerae, proximal segments of palps and legs I–III, dorsal; (B) sternum, leg bases, ventral mouthparts, palps, and chelicerae, ventral; (C) abdomen, fovea, femora legs III–IV, dorsal; (D) carapace, caput, eye group and clypeus, lateral. Scale lines A–C =1 mm, D = 0.5 mm
Figure 1 in A New Species of Australian Funnel-web Spider (Mygalomorphae, Atracidae, Hadronyche) Redefines the Family Atracidae
Figure 1. Hadronyche nadgee sp. nov., male (A, holotype AMS KS.131058; B, C, D, AMS KS.131064): (A) live, dorsal; (B) live and in "play dead" pose, ventral; (C) live, lateral; (D) live and in defensive pose, anterior.
Figure 4 in A New Species of Australian Funnel-web Spider (Mygalomorphae, Atracidae, Hadronyche) Redefines the Family Atracidae
Figure 4. Hadronyche nadgee sp. nov., male (A, holotype AMS KS.131058; B, AMS KS.131059; C, AMS KS.131062; D, AMS KS.131061): (A) palpal cymbium and bulb, left, anterodorsal; (B) palpal tibia, cymbium and bulb, right retrolateral; (C) palpal femur and patella, right, dorsal; (D) bulb removed from left palp, inset shows distal tip of embolus. Scale lines = 0.5mm, except D and D inset = 0.2 mm.
Figure 3 in A New Species of Australian Funnel-web Spider (Mygalomorphae, Atracidae, Hadronyche) Redefines the Family Atracidae
Figure 3. Hadronyche nadgee sp. nov., male (all holotype AMS KS.131058): (A) cheliceral groove teeth, fangs and apical lobes of maxillae, ventral; (B) eyes and clypeus, dorsal; (C) sternum, ventral; (D) labium and base of maxillae, ventral; (E) spinnerets, posteroventral. Scale lines = 0.5 mm.
Data from: Functional diversity buffers the effects of a pulse perturbation on the dynamics of tritrophic food webs
<p>Biodiversity decline causes a loss of functional diversity, which threatens ecosystems through a dangerous feedback loop: this loss may hamper ecosystems' ability to buffer environmental changes, leading to further biodiversity losses. In this context, the increasing frequency of human-induced excessive loading of nutrients causes major problems in aquatic systems. Previous studies investigating how functional diversity influences the response of food webs to disturbances have mainly considered systems with at most two functionally diverse trophic levels. We investigated the effects of functional diversity on the robustness, i.e. resistance, resilience and elasticity, using a tritrophic ---and thus more realistic---plankton food web model. We compared a non-adaptive food chain with no diversity within the individual trophic levels to a more diverse food web with three adaptive trophic levels. The species fitness differences were balanced through trade-offs between defense/growth rate for prey and selectivity/half-saturation constant for predators. We showed that the resistance, resilience and elasticity of tritrophic food webs decreased with larger perturbation sizes and depended on the state of the system when the perturbation occurred. Importantly, we found that a more diverse food web was generally more resistant and resilient but its elasticity was context-dependent. Particularly, functional diversity reduced the probability of a regime shift towards a non-desirable alternative state. The basal-intermediate interaction consistently determined the robustness against a nutrient pulse despite the complex influence of the shape and type of the dynamical attractors. This relationship was strongly influenced by the diversity present and the third trophic level. Overall, using a food web model of realistic complexity, this study confirms the destructive potential of the positive feedback loop between biodiversity loss and robustness, by uncovering mechanisms leading to a decrease in resistance, resilience and potentially elasticity as functional diversity declines.</p>
Supplementary Data for: Shifts in food webs and niche stability shaped survivorship and extinction at the end-Cretaceous
<p>This compendium of files includes a list of statistical routines (Data S1) and cleaned fossil datasets from the Paleobiology Database (Data S2 to S3) for the <em>Science Avances</em> paper "<em>Shifts in food webs and niche stability shaped survivorship and extinction at the end-Cretaceous</em>". Data S1 and Data S2 can be opened in Microsoft Office and Data S3 can be imported in R using the <em>load()</em> command. Data S2 and S3 contain the same information (i.e., cleaned fossil datasets) but in different formats (<em>xlsx</em> vs. <em>RData</em>).</p> <p>Please, feel free to send an email to the maintainer Dr. Jorge García Girón (jogarg@unileon.es) if you face any trouble downloading, opening or using these files.</p>
Credibility Corpus with several datasets (Twitter, Web database) in French and English
<p>please cite this dataset by :</p> <p>Nicolas Turenne. The rumour spectrum. <em>PLoS ONE</em>, Public Library of Science, 2018, 13 (1), pp.e0189080.1-27. <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189080">⟨10.1371/journal.pone.0189080⟩</a>. <a href="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01691934">⟨hal-01691934⟩</a></p> <p> </p> <p>The set of these datasets are made to analyze information credibility in general (rumor and disinformation for English and French documents), and occuring on the social web. Target databases about rumor, hoax and disinformation helped to collect obviously misinformation. Some topic (with keywords) helps us to made corpora from the micrroblogging platform Twitter, great provider of rumors and disinformation.</p> <p>1 corpus describes Texts from the web database about rumors and disinformation. 4 corpora from Social Media Twitter about specific rumors (2 in English, 2 in French). 4 corpora from Social Media Twitter randomly built (2 in English, 2 in French). 4 corpora from Social Media Twitter about specific rumors (2 in English, 2 in French).</p> <p>Size of different corpora :</p> <p>Social Web Rumorous corpus: 1,612</p> <p>French Hollande Rumorous corpus (Twitter): 371 French Lemon Rumorous corpus (Twitter): 270 English Pin Rumorous corpus (Twitter): 679 English Swine Rumorous corpus (Twitter): 1024</p> <p>French 1st Random corpus (Twitter): 1000 French 2st Random corpus (Twitter): 1000 English 3st Random corpus (Twitter): 1000 English 4st Random corpus (Twitter): 1000</p> <p>French Rihanna Event corpus (Twitter): 543 English Rihanna Event corpus (Twitter): 1000 French Euro2016 Event corpus (Twitter): 1000 English Euro2016 Event corpus (Twitter): 1000</p> <p>A matrix links tweets with most 50 frequent words</p> <p>Text data :</p> <p>_id : message id body text : string text data</p> <p>Matrix data :</p> <p>52 columns (first column is id, second column is rumor indicator 1 or -1, other columns are words value is 1 contain or 0 does not contain) 11,102 lines (each line is a message)</p> <p>Hidalgo corpus: lines range 1:75 Lemon corpus : lines range 76:467 Pin rumor : lines range 468:656 swine : lines range 657:1311</p> <p>random messages : lines range 1312:11103</p> <p>Sample contains : French Pin Rumorous corpus (Twitter): 679 Matrix data :</p> <p>52 columns (first column is id, second column is rumor indicator 1 or -1, other columns are words value is 1 contain or 0 does not contain) 189 lines (each line is a message)</p>
Data from: Open access levels: a quantitative exploration using Web of Science and oaDOI data
<p>This is the raw data behind the publication (on PeerJ Preprints):</p> <p><strong>Open access levels: a quantitative exploration using Web of Science and oaDOI data</strong></p> <p>Across the world there is growing interest in open access publishing among researchers, institutions, funders and publishers alike. It is assumed that open access levels are growing, but hitherto the exact levels and patterns of open access have been hard to determine and detailed quantitative studies are scarce. Using newly available open access status data from oaDOI in Web of Science we are now able to explore year-on-year open access levels across research fields, languages, countries, institutions, funders and topics, and try to relate the resulting patterns to disciplinary, national and institutional contexts. With data from the oaDOI API we also look at the detailed breakdown of open access by types of gold open access (pure gold, hybrid and bronze), using universities in the Netherlands as an example. There is huge diversity in open access levels on all dimensions, with unexpected levels for e.g. Portuguese as language, Astronomy & Astrophysics as research field, countries like Tanzania, Peru and Latvia, and Zika as topic. We explore methodological issues and offer suggestions to improve conditions for tracking open access status of research output. Finally, we suggest potential future applications for research and policy development. We have shared all data and code openly.</p>
Disentangling Web Search on Debated Topics - User Study Data
<p>Data of an exploratory, open-ended user study (N = 255) to advance knowledge and uncover relations between the different facets of web search on debated topics. We explored the relations between factors inherent to the searcher and search system (user characteristics, exposure bias), search intercations (confirmation bias, position bias, search effort), and post-search epistemic states (attitude change, knowledge gain). This data set contains the following variables for each of the 255 participants: SERP ranking bias, prior knowledge, attitude strength, receptiveness to opposing views, attitude-confirming clicks, click rank deviation, number of clicks, time on SERP, hover depth, attitude change, knowledge gain.</p>
Dados da avaliação de acessibilidade Web nos portais das Instituições de Ensino Superior no Brasil
<p>Vale ressaltar que as universidades estão cada vez mais acessíveis e preocupadas com a inclusão de seus alunos. Portanto, é fundamental que essa acessibilidade também esteja presente no ambiente web. Apesar do uso generalizado de conteúdo web, avaliá-lo nesses ambientes continua desafiador e caro, tarefa atribuída a desenvolvedores e designers. Assim, este conjunto de dados consolida dados públicos de diferentes ferramentas e avaliadores sobre acessibilidade nas homepages de 166 universidades brasileiras.</p> <p>A coleta de dados ocorreu em janeiro de 2024 e seguiu as orientações de <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340919313691">Acosta-Vargas e outros</a> , começando com o conjunto de dados inicial do <a href="https://ruf.folha.uol.com.br/2023/ranking-de-universidades/principal/">Ranking RUF 2023</a> . Além da coleta de dados do Webometrics e WAVE, o conjunto de dados inclui informações da <a href="https://asesweb.governoeletronico.gov.br/">ASES</a> , <a href="https://emec.mec.gov.br/emec/nova">eMEC</a> , <a href="http://www.atlasbrasil.org.br/ranking">IBGE</a> e <a href="https://www.undp.org/pt/brazil/desenvolvimento-humano/painel-idhm">PNUD</a> , totalizando 107 colunas. Essas colunas incluem:</p> <ul> <li> <p><strong>RUF:</strong> "nome", "estado", "tipo", "ruf_ranking", "ruf_teaching_position", "ruf_teaching_score", "ruf_search_position", "ruf_search_score", "ruf_market_position", "ruf_market_score", "ruf_innovation_position", "ruf_innovation_score", "ruf_internalization_position", "ruf_internalization_score", "ruf_score";</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Webometria:</strong> "webo_world_ranking", "webo_continetal_ranking", "webo_country_ranking", "webo_impact", "webo_opening", "webo_excellence";</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>WAVE:</strong> "wave_errors", "wave_alerts", "wave_structural_elements", "wave_features", "wave_aria", "wave_contrast_errors";</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>ASES:</strong> "ases_size_kb", "ases_pct","ases_err_behavior"; "ases_err_form", "ases_err_information", "ases_err_mark", "ases_err_multimedia", "ases_err_presentation", "ases_err_total", "ases_warn_behavior", "ases_warn_form" "ases_warn_information", "ases_warn_mark", "ases_warn_multimedia", "ases_warn_presentation", "ases_warn_total " , "ases_rec1.1", "ases_rec1.2", "ases_rec1.3", "ases_rec1.4", "ases_rec1.5", "ases_rec1.6", "ases_rec1.7", "ases_rec1.8", " ases_rec1.9", "ases_rec2.1", "ases_rec2.2", "ases_rec2.6", "ases_rec3.1", "ases_rec3.2", "ases_rec3.3", "ases_rec3.5", "ases_rec3. 6", "ases_rec3.7", "ases_rec3.9", "ases_rec4.1", "ases_rec4.4", "ases_rec5.1", "ases_rec5.2", "ases_rec5.3", "ases_rec5.4" , "ases_rec6.1", "ases_rec6.2", "ases_rec6.3", "ases_rec6.4", "ases_rec6.7";</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>eMEC:</strong> "emec_ies_code", "emec_legal_nature", "emec_zip_code", "emec_county", "emec_adm_cat", "emec_accreditation_type", "emec_ci", "emec_ci_year", "emec_dist_learn_ci", "emec_dist_learn_ci_year", "emec_igc", "emec_igc_year", "emec_continuous_igc", "emec_continuous_igc_year", "emec_n_campi", "emec_n_courses", "emec_n_dist_learn_courses", "emec_n_unq_dist_learn_courses", "emec_is_hybrid", "emec_legal_nat_gp1";</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>IBGE:</strong> "ibge_state_idhm_income, "ibge_state_idhm_education", "ibge_state_idhm_longevity", "ibge_county_idhm", "ibge_county_idhm_income", "ibge_county_idhm_education", "ibge_county_longevity";</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>PNUD:</strong> "pnud_state_idhm", "pnud_state_rdpc", "pnud_state_gini", "pnud_state_theil";</p> </li> </ul> <div> <div> <div> <p>As colunas “acrônimo”, “região” e “url” foram coletadas por meio de buscas no Google.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div> </div>
FIGURE 62 in The Lace Web Spider Genus Vytfutia Deeleman-Reinhold (Araneae, Phyxelididae) in the Indo-Pacific Region
FIGURE 62. Vytfutia spp. Distributions on map of Eurasia and Australasia. Filled circle. Vytfutia bedel Deeleman-Reinhold, 1986, Holotype male from Gunung Leuser, border of National Park at Bohorok in primary rainforest, N. Sumatra, Indonesia. Triangle. Vytfutia labalaba new species, Holotype male from the wall of a building at 1550m elevation on Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah-Borneo, Malaysia. Diamond. Vytfutia halandrefana new species, Madagascar. Star. Vytfutia pallens Deeleman-Reinhold, 1989, male paratype from Niah Cave, Sarawak, Malaysia.
FIGURES 50–55 in The Lace Web Spider Genus Vytfutia Deeleman-Reinhold (Araneae, Phyxelididae) in the Indo-Pacific Region
FIGURES 50–55. Vytfutia halandrefana new species, Berenty, CASENT9012420, female legs and palps, SEM. 50. Metatarsus IV, retrolateral, showing calamistrum. 51. Metatarsus IV, retrolateral, showing calamistral setae. 52. Tarsus IV, apical, showing STC and ITC. 53. Palpal femur, anterolateral, showing thorns (arrow). 54. Palpal femur, anterolateral thorn, close up. 55. Tarsus IV, retrolateral showing STC and ITC. Scale bars: 50, 300 µm; 51, 20 µm, 52, 55, 50 µm, 53, 200 µm, 54, 30 µm.
FIGURES 45–49 in The Lace Web Spider Genus Vytfutia Deeleman-Reinhold (Araneae, Phyxelididae) in the Indo-Pacific Region
FIGURES 45–49. Vytfutia pallens Deeleman-Reinhold, 1989, genitalia-drawings, male and female paratypes from Niah Cave, Sarawak, Malaysia. 45–47. Male left palp, tibia and tarsus. 45. Ventral. 46. Retrolateral. 47. Dorsal. 48. 49. Female genitalia. 48. Epigynum, ventral. 49. Vulva, dorsal. C: conductor, D: dorsal tibial apophysis, MA: median apophysis, PC: paracymbium, RL: retrolateral lobe of tibial apex. Grey arrow to tibial apical spine.
FIGURES 56–61. Vytfutia spp., male leg I in The Lace Web Spider Genus Vytfutia Deeleman-Reinhold (Araneae, Phyxelididae) in the Indo-Pacific Region
FIGURES 56–61. Vytfutia spp., male leg I with clasping modification of metatarsus. 56, 58, 61. Dorsal. 57, 59, 60. Retrolateral. 56, 57. Vytfutia bedel Deeleman-Reinhold, 1986, Holotype male from Gunung Leuser, border of National Park at Bohorok in primary rainforest, N. Sumatra, Indonesia, left. 58, 59. Vytfutia labalaba new species, Holotype male from the wall of a building at 1550m elevation on Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah-Borneo, Malaysia, CASENT9023842, right. 60, 61. Vytfutia pallens Deeleman-Reinhold, 1989, male paratype from Niah Cave, Sarawak, Malaysia, right. Scale bar = 1mm.
FIGURES 41–44 in The Lace Web Spider Genus Vytfutia Deeleman-Reinhold (Araneae, Phyxelididae) in the Indo-Pacific Region
FIGURES 41–44. Vytfutia labalaba new species, Mt. Kinabalu, Borneo, CASENT9023842, female genitalia, scanning electron micrographs (SEM). 41. Epigynum, ventral. 42. Vulva, dorsal. 43. Bennet's gland pore (BG), left. 44. Pores of spermathecal head (HS), left. Scale bars, 41 = 100µm, 42 = 30µm, 43, 44 = 10µm.
FIGURES 15–19 in The Lace Web Spider Genus Vytfutia Deeleman-Reinhold (Araneae, Phyxelididae) in the Indo-Pacific Region
FIGURES 15–19. Vytfutia bedel Deeleman-Reinhold, 1986, genitalia-drawings, Holotype male and paratype female collected from Gunung Leuser, border of National Park at Bohorok in primary rainforest, N. Sumatra, Indonesia. 15–17. Male left palp. 15. Tibia and tarsus, ventral. 16. Tibia, dorsal. 17. Tibia and tarsus, retrolateral. 18, 19. Female genitalia. 18. Epigynum, ventral. 19. Vulva, dorsal. C = conductor; D = Dorsal tibial apophysis; E = embolus; MA = median apophysis; RL = retrolateral tibial apophysis.
ScienceDex guides
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.