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183 results for “annual plants”
Data from: Annual ring growth of a widespread high-arctic shrub reflects past fluctuations in community-level plant biomass
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Data from: Complex consequences of herbivory and interplant cues in three annual plants
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Data from: Light availability experienced in the field affects ability of following generations to respond to shading in an annual grassland plant
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Data from: Regional climate and local-scale biotic acceptance explain native-exotic diversity relationships in Australian annual plant communities
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Data from: Fire history and plant community composition outweigh decadal multi‐factor global change as drivers of microbial composition in an annual grassland
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Data from: Pollinator identity and spatial isolation influence multiple paternity in an annual plant
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Climate warming threatens the persistence of a community of disturbance-adapted native annual plants
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Data from: Interannual variation in season length is linked to strong co-gradient plasticity of phenology in a montane annual plant
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How surface rock cover affects water and nutrient availability of Sonoran Desert annual plants -- Honors Thesis
Water and nutrient availability are the primary and secondary drivers of net primary productivity (NPP) in arid ecosystems. Although precipitation regulates water inputs, soil properties influence water availability for plant growth. Aridland soils are often covered with surface rocks, which can increase or decrease water availability by modifying evaporation, infiltration, light levels, and temperature. Due to the complexity of these direct and indirect mechanisms, the relationship between rock cover and NPP is not well understood. In this research we explore the relationship between rock cover, soil nutrient availability, and aboveground growth of desert annual plants over four years across a long-term nutrient enrichment experiment in the Sonoran Desert. We surveyed surface rock cover at fifteen sites in central Arizona that have been fertilized with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), alone and in combination, for seven years. Using ANCOVA, we then explored the relative importance of rock cover, precipitation, and nutrient treatment on peak aboveground biomass of spring herbaceous annual plants that were collected in 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2013. We expected surface rocks to strengthen the positive relationship between precipitation, nutrient additions, and annual plant growth. Precipitation, nutrient additions, and surface rock cover together significantly influence growth of Sonoran Desert annual plants. As expected, nutrients and precipitation were the strongest drivers of annual plant biomass. Plant growth was positively related to N additions across all four years (ANCOVA, p <0.01); P in 2008 and 2010 years (p = 0.01 and 0.005, respectively);and precipitation in three of the four years (p < 0.05). Precipitation was the primary driver of plant biomass in the two driest years, 2009 and 2013 (partial eta2 = 0.51 and 0.52, respectively). Gravel (2-64 mm diameter) was only rock size class that was significantly related to annual plant biomass. Contrary to our expecta
Data from: The triangular seed mass-leaf area relationship holds for annual plants and is determined by habitat productivity
Plant allometries help us to understand resource allocation in plants and provide insight into how communities are structured. For woody species, a triangular allometric relationship between seed size and leaf size occurs in which all combinations are all possible, except for species with big seeds and small leaves (Cornelissen 1999). This relationship is thought to be a consequence of between habitat variation in abiotic conditions. In this study, we tested if the triangular relationship between seed mass and leaf area holds for annual species, and if variation in soil productivity and light (measured as Ellenberg indicator values: EIVs) are driving this relationship. We show that the triangular relationship also holds for annuals, which suggests that the allometric combinations between leaf area and seed mass are conserved across life-forms. The triangular relationship was driven by between-habitat variation in soil productivity. This means that as soil productivity increases, plants with bigger leaves could have either big or small seeds. However, in low soil productivity habitats, plants are constrained in their options, and plants with small leaves can only have small seeds.
Data from: Cyclic population dynamics and density-dependent intransitivity as pathways to coexistence between co-occurring annual plants
1. Recent studies have brought renewed attention to the importance of complex species interactions - notably intransitive interactions - to patterns of plant community diversity. One underappreciated avenue through which intransitivity can occur is through cyclic population dynamics. Though such cyclic intransitive relationships have been extensively studied in predator-prey systems, evidence of their importance in competitive communities, notably plant communities, is more limited. Most studies of coexistence in plant communities assume fixed-point coexistence even while utilizing models that allow for cyclic population dynamics. 2. In this paper, we explore the potential for density-dependent, cyclic population dynamics and intransitivity in a model for annual plants. We then examine how these density-dependent cycles impact mutual invasibility and ultimately stable coexistence between plant species pairs. We do this using data collected from four co-occurring annual plant species living in natural wildflower communities in SW Western Australia. To maximize the number of biologically plausible pathways by which coexistence mediated by density-dependent cyclic intransitivity can occur, we use an annual plant model that allows for competitive direct interactions, facilitative direct interactions, and higher-order interactions between species. 3. Results from our empirically-parameterized model suggest that monocultures of all four focal species can have cyclic solutions with periodicity greater than 1 under sunny ("open") or shaded field conditions. Cyclic patterns drive variation in annual abundance patterns, with stable solutions for persistent monocultures and invasibility potential (the capacity of one population to invade another) common. Mutual invasibility in the face of cyclic population dynamics was found for just one of six species pairs, only under open environmental conditions. Our results illustrate the potential for cyclic intransitivity to both drive and prevent stable coexistence in environmentally heterogeneous biological communities. 4. Synthesis. We provide analytical and empirical evidence that coexistence in competitive communities (annual plants) can be achieved under non-equilibrium circumstances, through density-dependent cyclic intransitivity. Our results suggest that cyclic population dynamics may be common and important for coexistence dynamics in some types of communities. In such communities, the exploration of stable coexistence should therefore include consideration of cyclic as well as fixed-point equilibria for maximal accuracy.
Data from: Habitat diversification associated with urban development has a little effect on genetic structure in the annual native plant Commelina communis in an East Asian megacity
<p>Basic statistics for each population and genetic and landscape data between populations.</p>
Do annual and perennial populations of an insect-pollinated plant species differ in mating system?
<p><strong>Background and Aims</strong> Theory predicts that outcrossing should be more prevalent among perennials than annuals, a pattern confirmed by comparative evidence from diverse angiosperm families. However, intraspecific comparisons between annual and perennial populations are few because such variation is uncommon among flowering plants. Here, we test the hypothesis that perennial populations outcross more than annual populations by investigating Incarvillea sinensis, a wide-ranging insect-pollinated herb native to China. The occurrence of both allopatric and sympatric populations allows us to examine the stability of mating system differences between life histories under varying ecological conditions.</p> <p><strong>Methods </strong>We estimated outcrossing rates and biparental inbreeding in 16 allopatric and five sympatric popula- tions in which both life histories coexisted using 20 microsatellite loci. In each population we measured height, branch number, corolla size, tube length and herkogamy for ~30 individuals. In a sympatric population, we re- corded daily flower number, pollinator visitation and the fruit and seed set of annual and perennial plants.</p> <p><strong>Key Results </strong>As predicted, outcrossing rates (t) were considerably higher in perennial (mean = 0.76) than annual (mean = 0.09) populations. This difference in mating system was also maintained at sympatric sites where plants grew intermixed. In both allopatric and sympatric populations the degree of herkogamy was consistently larger in outcrossing than selfing plants. Perennials were more branched, with more and larger flowers than in annuals. In a sympatric population, annuals had a significantly higher fruit and seed set than perennials.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions </strong> Genetically based differences in herkogamy between annuals and perennials appear to play a key role in governing outcrossing rates in populations, regardless of variation in local ecological conditions. The maintenance of mating system and life history trait differentiation between perennial and annual populations of I. sinensis probably results from correlated evolution in response to local environmental conditions.</p>
Data from: Two dimensions define the variation of fine root traits across plant communities under the joint influence of ecological succession and annual mowing
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Data from: The genetics of intra- and interspecific competitive response and effect in a local population of an annual plant species
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Do annual and perennial populations of an insect-pollinated plant species differ in mating system?
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Data from: Cyclic population dynamics and density-dependent intransitivity as pathways to coexistence between co-occurring annual plants
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Data from: Reciprocal facilitation between annual plants and burrowing crabs: implications for the restoration of degraded salt marshes
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Data from: The triangular seed mass-leaf area relationship holds for annual plants and is determined by habitat productivity
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Data from: Fitness consequences of indirect plant defence in the annual weed, Sinapis arvensis
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.