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306 results for “bird communities”
Figure 2 in Differences in the bird community between a regenerating area and a native forest in Southeastern Brazil
Figure 2. Relative richness of species pooled for each foraging strata (left) and feeding guilds (right). For the foraging strata, we considered ground (GRO), understory (UND), midstory (MID), canopy (CAN), forest generalist (FOR), mixed (MIX), aerial (AER), and aquatic (AQU) species. For the feeding guilds, we considered invertebrate predator (INV), vertebrate predator (VER), generalist predator (PRE), scavenger (SCA), frugivore (FRU), granivore (GRA), nectarivore (NEC), generalist herbivore (HER), and omnivore (OMN).
Figure 1 in Differences in the bird community between a regenerating area and a native forest in Southeastern Brazil
Figure 1. Map of the Jardim Botânico Municipal de Bauru (JBMB). We highlighted the FOREST (green) and the REGEN (yellow) sites. We also delimited the point counts used to assess the bird community.
Ecomorphological relationships and invasion history of non-native terrestrial bird species on O'ahu, Hawai'i suggests ecological fitting during community assembly
The widespread introduction of species has created novel communities in many areas of the world. Since introduced species tend to have generalized ecologies and often lack shared evolutionary history with other species in their communities, it would be expected that the relationship between form and function (i.e. ecomorphology) may change in novel communities. We tested this expectation in a subset of the novel bird community on O'ahu, Hawai'i. By relating foraging behavior observations to morphology obtained from live birds at four sites across the island, we found many relationships between species' morphology and foraging ecology that mirrored relationships found in the literature for native dominated bird communities. Both movement and certain foraging behaviors were related to a species' tarsus to wing ratio. Further, bill morphology was related to gleaning, frugivory, and flycatching behaviors. The commonness of significant ecomorphological relationships suggests that, within O'ahu's novel bird community, form is strongly related to function. We hypothesize that ecological fitting likely played a major role in the assembly of this novel community conserving the relationships between form and function found in many other bird communities. To further support this hypothesis, we used niche data from EltonTraits 1.0 to determine if the establishment of bird species introduced to O'ahu was related to the distinctiveness of their ecological niche from the incumbent community. Introduced species were more likely to establish on O'ahu if their diets were less similar to the bird species already present on the island. Our results support the idea that ecological fitting is an important mechanism in shaping ecological communities, especially in the Anthropocene, thereby influencing novel community assembly and functioning.
Seasonal variation in community composition and distributional ranges of birds along a subtropical elevation gradient in China
<p><strong>Aim</strong><br> Seasonal variation in community composition and species distributional ranges along elevational gradients remain poorly known but are essential to inform conservation. In this study, we aim to understand how species richness, community composition, and elevational ranges of montane birds change between the breeding and the non-breeding season.</p> <p><strong>Location</strong><br> The east slope of the southern Gaoligong Mountains, Yunnan, southwestern China, elevational range: 700 - 3400 m a.s.l.; latitudinal range: 24°56´- 26°09´ N.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong><br> We compared bird species richness and community composition in nine 300-m elevational bands in the breeding (April - May) and non-breeding (December - January) seasons. We also calculated seasonal elevational shifts of 97 species with sufficient data recorded in both seasons and assessed how species' traits influenced these shifts.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong><br> Species richness declined in high and low elevations between the breeding and non-breeding season. The temporal beta diversity shift from the breeding to the non-breeding season was mainly caused by species losses rather than species gains in high- and low- elevation communities. Communities in middle elevations showed a contrasting pattern, with seasonal composition change resulting mainly from species gains. We also found that species' seasonal distribution shifts were mainly associated with breeding elevation and diet. Notably, high- and middle-elevation breeders and insectivores significantly shifted their elevational ranges downslope in the non-breeding season. In addition, species that participate in mixed-species flocks and that rely on forests also showed significant downslope shifts in the non-breeding season.</p> <p><strong>Main Conclusions</strong><br> These results show complex patterns of the interconnectedness of bird communities along the elevational gradient. Keeping forests at middle elevations intact appears especially important as they are used in winter by species that breed at both high and middle elevations. Furthermore, our results suggested conservation actions maintaining connectedness in low and middle elevations are urgently needed to conserve regional biodiversity and highlight the importance of seasonality in montane ecosystem research.</p>
Timing is everything: Acoustic niche partitioning in two tropical wet forest bird communities
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>When acoustic signals sent from individuals overlap in frequency and time, acoustic interference and signal masking may occur. Under the acoustic niche hypothesis (ANH), signaling behavior has evolved to partition acoustic space and minimize overlap with other calling individuals through selection on signal structure and/or the sender's ability to adjust the timing of signals. Alternately, under the acoustic clustering hypothesis, there is potential benefit to convergence and synchronization of the structural or temporal characteristics of signals in the avian community, and organisms produce signals that overlap more than would be expected by chance. Interactive communication networks may also occur, where species living together are more likely to have songs with convergent spectral and or temporal characteristics. In this study, we examine the fine-scale use of acoustic space in montane tropical wet forest bird communities in Costa Rica and Hawai'i. At multiple recording stations in each community, we identified the species associated with each recorded signal, measured observed signal overlap, and used null models to generate random distributions of expected signal overlap. We then compared observed vs. expected signal overlap to test predictions of the acoustic niche and acoustic clustering hypotheses. We found a high degree of overlap in the signal characteristics (frequency range) of species in both Costa Rica and Hawai'i, however, as predicted under ANH, species significantly reduced observed overlap relative to the random distribution through temporal partitioning. There was little support for acoustic clustering or the prediction of the network hypothesis that species segregate across the landscape based on the frequency range of their vocalizations. These findings constitute strong support that there is competition for acoustic space in these signaling communities, and this has resulted primarily in temporal partitioning of the soundscape.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Data for: Organic management and landscape heterogeneity combine to sustain multifunctional bird communities in European vineyards
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Data from: Sensitivity of the farmland bird community to crop diversification in Sweden: does the CAP fit?
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Data from: Functional traits, flocking propensity and perceived predation risk in an Amazonian understory bird community
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Data from: Multidimensional stable isotope analysis illuminates resource partitioning in a sub-Antarctic island bird community
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Data from: Thresholds in forest bird communities along woody vegetation gradients in the South American Dry Chaco
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Ecomorphological relationships and invasion history of non-native terrestrial bird species on O‘ahu, Hawai‘i suggests ecological fitting during community assembly
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Data from: Reciprocal specialization in multihost malaria parasite communities of birds: a temperate-tropical comparison
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Data from: Annual temperature variation influences the vulnerability of montane bird communities to land-use change
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Data from: Use of classical bird census transects as spatial replicates for hierarchical modeling of an avian community
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Data from: Urban nectarivorous bird communities in Cape Town, South Africa, are structured by ecological generalisation and resource distribution
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Data from: A taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic perspective on the community assembly of passerine birds along an elevational gradient in southwest China
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Bird communities in the Swiss Alps, 1999-2018, abundance data
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Data from: Microbial communities in hummingbird feeders are distinct from floral nectar and influenced by bird visitation
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Data from: Fire and mechanical forest management treatments support different portions of the bird community in fire-suppressed forests
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Data from: Comparative demographics of a Hawaiian forest bird community
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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