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759 results for “crab spiders”
Figs 10–13 in A revision of the crab spider genus Heriaeus Simon, 1875 (Araneae: Thomisidae) in the Afrotropical Region
Figs 10–13. Heriaeus spp., habitus: (10) H. peterwebbi sp. n. female; (11) H. transvaalicus Simon, 1895 female; (12) H. xanderi sp. n. female; (13) H. zanii sp. n. female.
Figs 37–44 in A revision of the crab spider genus Heriaeus Simon, 1875 (Araneae: Thomisidae) in the Afrotropical Region
Figs 37–44. (37, 38) Heriaeus muizenberg sp. n.: (37) male palp, ventral view; (38) male palp, lateral view; (39–42) Heriaeus peterwebbi sp. n.: (39) male palp, ventral view; (40) male palp, lateral view; (41) epigyne, ventral view; (42) epigyne, dorsal view; (43, 44) Heriaeus sossusvlei sp. n.: (43) epigyne, ventral view; (44) epigyne, dorsal view.
Figs 1–9 in A revision of the crab spider genus Heriaeus Simon, 1875 (Araneae: Thomisidae) in the Afrotropical Region
Figs 1–9. Heriaeus spp., habitus: (1) Heriaeus sp. long spiniform abdominal setae; (2) H. allenjonesi antoni sp. n. female; (3) H. antoni sp. n. female; (4) H. copricola sp. n. male; (5) H. crassispinus Lawrence, 1942 male; (6) H. foordi sp. n. male; (7) H. latifrons Lessert, 1919 female; (8) H. madagascar sp. n. male; (9) H. muizenberg sp. n. female.
Figs 30–36 in A revision of the crab spider genus Heriaeus Simon, 1875 (Araneae: Thomisidae) in the Afrotropical Region
Figs 30–36. (30–33) Heriaeus foordi sp. n.: (30) male palp, ventral view; (31) male palp, lateral view; (32) epigyne, ventral view; (33) epigyne, dorsal view; (34) Heriaeus latifrons Lessert, 1919, epigyne, ventral view; (35, 36) Heriaeus madagascar sp. n.: (35) male palp, ventral view; (36) male palp, lateral view.
Figs 22–29 in A revision of the crab spider genus Heriaeus Simon, 1875 (Araneae: Thomisidae) in the Afrotropical Region
Figs 22–29. (22–25) Heriaeus copricola sp. n.: (22) male palp, ventral view; (23) male palp, lateral view; (24) epigyne, ventral view; (25) epigyne, dorsal view; (26–29) Heriaeus crassispinus Lawrence, 1942: (26) male palp, ventral view; (27) male palp, lateral view; (28) epigyne, ventral view; (29) epigyne, dorsal view.
Figs 45–52 in A revision of the crab spider genus Heriaeus Simon, 1875 (Araneae: Thomisidae) in the Afrotropical Region
Figs 45–52. (45–48) Heriaeus transvaalicus Simon, 1875: (45) male palp, ventral view; (46) male palp, lateral view; (47) epigyne, ventral view; (48) epigyne, dorsal view; (49–52) Heriaeus xanderi sp. n.: (49) male palp, ventral view; (50) male palp, lateral, view; (51) epigyne, ventral view; (52) epigyne, dorsal view.
First record of the crab spider Thomisus ghesquierei Lessert, 1943 from South Africa (Araneae: Thomisidae)
<p>The crab spider <i>Thomisus ghesquierei</i> Lessert, 1943 was described from the Democratic Republic of the Congo from a female specimen. In South Africa, it was previously wrongly identified as <i>Thomisus citrinellus</i> and is now recognised for the first time in South Africa. The differences between <i>T. citrinellus</i> and <i>T. ghesquierei</i> are discussed and photographs of live specimens are provided. The general morphology of <i>T. ghesquierei</i> is discussed with notes on their behaviour, distribution in South Africa, and conservation status.</p>
Fig. 9 in Kryptochroma: a new genus of bark-dwelling crab spiders (Araneae, Thomisidae)
Fig. 9. Distribution records of species of Kryptochroma Machado gen. nov.
Fig. 18 in Kryptochroma: a new genus of bark-dwelling crab spiders (Araneae, Thomisidae)
Fig. 18. Distribution records of species of Kryptochroma Machado gen. nov.
From crypsis to masquerade: ontogeny changes the colour defences of a crab spider hiding as bird droppings
<p><span>Selection imposed by visually-hunting predators has driven the evolution of colour-based antipredator defence strategies such as crypsis, masquerade, mimicry and aposematism. Individuals of many animals are generally considered to rely on a single type of defence strategy, but individuals of some species use multiple colour-based defences. Many animals switch between colour-based defences against visually-hunting predators during ontogeny. However, why this occurs remains poorly understood. </span></p> <p><span>The crab spider<i> Phrynarachne ceylonica</i> is an often-cited example of a bird dropping masquerade. It has recently been demonstrated that <i>P. ceylonica</i> crab spiders gain protection from their predators by being misidentified as bird droppings by their predators. <i>P. ceylonica</i> females show an ontogenetic shift in colour defences: early instars possess a dark and cryptic form, while at later instars and as adults, the spiders resemble bird droppings. We hypothesised that this shift may be driven by differential changes in predation risk of two defence strategies with increasing body size due to ontogeny. </span></p> <p><span>We tested this hypothesis by presenting naïve domestic chicks with 3D printed artificial spiders of two different sizes (small, large) and two colours (dark, bird dropping-like), and determined if larger bird dropping-like spiders are more readily found and attacked than cryptic forms by chicks. We found that small cryptic spiders were more difficult to detect than small bird dropping masquerading spiders, but large cryptic spiders were attacked much more quickly and more frequently than large bird dropping masquerading spiders. </span></p> <p><span>Increasing predation pressure on larger, cryptic spiders during ontogeny suggests that switching to bird dropping masquerade may be a more effective defence as spiders increase in size. We thus conclude that the ontogenetic shift from crypsis to masquerade is adaptive. </span></p>
OBSERVATION ON THREE FLOWER CRAB SPIDERS (ARANEAE: THOMISIDAE: THOMISUS) FROM SOUTH AFRICA
<p>The general behaviour of three crab spider species <em>Thomisus citrinellus</em> Simon, 1875, <em>T. daradioides</em> Simon, 1890 and <em>T. stenningi</em> Pocock, 1900 are discussed. They are common flower dwellers found in gardens. With their strong front legs, prey are grabbed, and overpowered by their strong venom enabling them to kill prey that are frequently 2-4 times their size. They prey on seven insect orders and flies were the most commonly caught prey followed by bees. Most of the prey (79%) are caught in the neck region. They can change colour but only 53% of the spider were found on flowers of the same colour.</p>
FIGURE 4 in Spider crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Majoidea) from the upper Eocene of south Pyrenees (Huesca, Spain)
FIGURE 4. Idealized reconstruction of Eoparanaxia eocenica n. gen. n. sp. carapace.
Figure 1 in Structure and distribution of carapace setae in British spider crabs
Figure 1. Diagram of a hamate seta and its various regions.
Figs 57–59 in A revision of the crab spider genus Heriaeus Simon, 1875 (Araneae: Thomisidae) in the Afrotropical Region
Figs 57–59. Distribution of Heriaeus spp. in the Afrotropical Region.
From crypsis to masquerade: ontogeny changes the colour defences of a crab spider hiding as bird droppings
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FIGURE 2. Crocydocinus saravananei n in Description of a new species of deep-sea spider crab from the genus Crocydocinus Lee, Richer de Forges & Ng, 2019, from the south-eastern Arabian Sea (Crustacea Decapoda: Majoidea: Epialtidae)
FIGURE 2. Crocydocinus saravananei n. sp., holotype, male (30.8 × 26.7 mm) (IO/SS/BRC/00180), Arabian Sea. A, overall dorsal view of carapace; B, lateral view of carapace, C, overall ventral view; D, dorsal view of anterior portion of carapace; E, ventral frontal view; F, right cheliped; G, ventral view of right cheliped; H, P2 dactylus; I, P3 dactylus, J, P4 dactylus; K, male pleon.
FIGURE 3. Crocydocinus saravananei n in Description of a new species of deep-sea spider crab from the genus Crocydocinus Lee, Richer de Forges & Ng, 2019, from the south-eastern Arabian Sea (Crustacea Decapoda: Majoidea: Epialtidae)
FIGURE 3. Crocydocinus saravananei n. sp., holotype male (30.8 × 26.7 mm) (IO/SS/BRC/00180), Arabian Sea, left G1 and G2. A, ventral view; B, ventral view of distal portion; C, dorsal view; D, dorsal view of distal portion; E, ventral view of G2; F, dorsal view of G2.
FIGURES 31–32. 31 in Revision of the Afrotropical crab-spider genus Parabomis Kulczyński, 1901 (Araneae: Thomisidae)
FIGURES 31–32. 31 Records of the previously known Parabomis species, P. levanderi Kulczyński, 1901 (red circles) and P. martini Lessert, 1919 (blue triangles); 32 Records of new Parabomis species in the Afrotropical Region.
FIGURES 26–30 in Revision of the Afrotropical crab-spider genus Parabomis Kulczyński, 1901 (Araneae: Thomisidae)
FIGURES 26–30. Parabomis wandae sp. nov. 26 Male habitus, dorsal view; 27 Female habitus, dorsal view; 28 Left palp, ventral view; 29 Epigyne, ventral view; 30 Epigyne, dorsal view. Scales: 1 mm.
FIGURES 21–25 in Revision of the Afrotropical crab-spider genus Parabomis Kulczyński, 1901 (Araneae: Thomisidae)
FIGURES 21–25. Parabomis pilosus sp. nov. 21 Male habitus, dorsal view; 22 Female habitus, dorsal view; 23 Left palp, ventral view; 24 Epigyne, ventral view; 25 Epigyne, dorsal view. Scales: 1 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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OpenNeuro
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