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251 results for “herbicides”
Additional Files for "Standing genetic variation fuels rapid evolution of herbicide resistance in blackgrass"
<p>This dataset contains additional supporting files referenced by the following publication:</p> <p>• Kersten S, Chang J, Huber CD, Voichek Y, Lanz C, Hagmaier T, Lang P, Lutz U, Hirschberg I, Lerchl J, Porri A, Van de Peer Y, Schmid K, Weigel D, Rabanal FA. <strong>Standing genetic variation fuels rapid evolution of herbicide resistance in blackgrass. </strong><em>Proc Natl Acad Sci USA</em>.</p> <p> </p> <p>Directory structure:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Haplotypes_ACCase</strong>: this directory contains the two haplotypes (fasta format) inferred by pbaa (https://github.com/PacificBiosciences/pbAA ) for each of the 1,046 individuals for which it was possible to analyse the ACCase locus. </li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> <li><strong>Haplotypes_ALS</strong>: his directory contains the two haplotypes (fasta format) inferred by pbaa (https://github.com/PacificBiosciences/pbAA ) for each of the 842 individuals for which it was possible to analyse the ALS1 locus. </li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> <li><strong>Reference_genome</strong>: this directory contains the Pacbio CLR+Hi-C based chromosome level assembly (fasta file) of an <em>Alopecurus myosuroides</em> individual from the German herbicide-sensitive population DE01087 (Appels Wilde Samen GmbH, Darmstadt). In addition, it includes annotation files (gff format) for transposable elements and protein-coding genes.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> <li><strong>SNP_matrix</strong>: this directory contains the SNP matrix (vcf format) for the population study carried out with ddRAD-sequencing data.</li> </ul>
Raw data of microcosm assay - impact of herbicides to aquatic microbiome
<p>Raw data of microcosm assay - impact of herbicides to aquatic microbiome</p>
Fig. 5 in Phytotoxic meroterpenoids with herbicidal activities from the phytopathogenic fungus Pseudopestalotiopsis theae
Fig. 5. Phytotoxic effects of different metabolites on seed germination and seedling growth of S. viridis in Petri dishes of experiment: (a) control; (b) 1; (c) 2; (d) 3; (e) 4; (f) 8.
Data from: Herbicide resistance-endowing ACCase gene mutations in hexaploid wild oat (Avena fatua): Insights into resistance evolution in a hexaploid species
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Data from: Comparing biocontrol and herbicide for managing an invasive non-native plant species: efficacy, non-target effects and secondary invasion
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In-depth comparative toxicogenomics of glyphosate and Roundup herbicides: Histopathology, transcriptome and epigenome signatures, and DNA damage
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Data from: Fitness cost due to herbicide resistance may trigger genetic background evolution
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Biomass data to accompany Inter-chromosomal linkage disequilibrium and linked fitness cost loci associated with selection for herbicide resistance
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Genomic characterisation and dissection of the onset of resistance to acetyl CoA carboxylase-inhibiting herbicides in a large collection of Digitaria insularis from Brazil
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Data for: Risk in the circular food economy: Glyphosate-based herbicide residues in manure fertilizers decrease crop yield
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Data from: Genetic diversity and structure of Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum in California vineyards and orchards indicates potential for spread of herbicide resistance via gene flow
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Herbicide effects on the establishment of a native bunchgrass in annual grass invaded areas: Indaziflam vs. imazapic
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Data from: Fitness costs of herbicide resistance across natural populations of the common morning glory, Ipomoea purpurea
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Female preference and adverse developmental effects of glyphosate-based herbicides on ecologically relevant traits in Japanese quail
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Drought exposure leads to rapid acquisition and inheritance of herbicide resistance in the weed Alopecurus myosuroides
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Herbicide, fertilization, and planting density effects on intensively managed loblolly pine early stand development
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Data from: Herbicides and herbivory interact to drive plant community and crop-tree establishment
Land management practices often directly alter vegetation structure and composition, but the degree to which ecological processes such as herbivory interact with management to influence biodiversity is less well understood. We hypothesized that large herbivores compound the effects of intensive forest management on early-seral plant communities and plantation establishment (i.e., tree survival and growth), and the degree of such effects is dependent on the intensity of management practices. We established 225 m2 wild ungulate (deer and elk) exclosures, nested within a manipulated gradient of management intensity (no-herbicide Control, Light herbicide, Moderate herbicide and Intensive herbicide treatments), replicated at the scale of whole harvest units (10-19 ha). Vegetation structure, composition and crop-tree responses to herbivory varied across the gradient of herbicide application during the first two years of stand establishment, with herbivory effects most evident at intermediate herbicide treatments. In the Moderate herbicide treatment – which approximates treatments applied to > 2.5 million hectares in Pacific Northwest U.S.A. – foraging by deer and elk resulted in simplified, low-cover plant communities more closely resembling the Intensive herbicide treatment. Herbivory further suppressed the growth of competing vegetation in the Light herbicide treatment, improving crop-tree survival, and providing early evidence of an ecosystem service. By changing community composition and vegetation structure, intensive forest management alters foraging selectivity and subsequent plant-herbivore interactions; initial shifts in early-seral communities are likely to influence understory plant communities and tree growth in later stages of forest development.
Data from: Effects of biochar on fate and toxicity of herbicide fenoxaprop-ethyl in soil
The biochar as soil amendment in agriculture has attracted considerable attention. In the study, the fate and toxicity of the herbicide fenoxaprop-ethyl were evaluated in soils with and without 5% rice husk biochar amendment. Fenoxaprop-ethyl and metabolite fenoxaprop degraded followed first-order kinetics in the two soils. Fenoxaprop-ethyl decreased fast with half-lives less than 2 days. Large amounts of fenoxaprop formed and remained in control soil. However, fenoxaprop was much lower in biochar-amended soil with reduction over 85% at the 35th day. The estimated half-lives of fenoxaprop were 56.9 and 1.5 days in control and biochar-amended soils, respectively. Biochar restrained the formation and promoted the dissipation of fenoxaprop. Biological indicator earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were used in a 14-day acute toxicity test. Fenoxaprop-ethyl shown low toxic to earthworms with LC50 value of 322.9 μg/g. Biochar amendment was nontoxic to earthworms and effectively reduced the toxicity. The results suggested that the application of biochar may reduce the risks of fenoxaprop-ethyl in the soil environment.
Data from: The geographic mosaic of herbicide resistance evolution in the common morning glory, Ipomoea purpurea: evidence for resistance hotspots and low genetic differentiation across the landscape
Strong human-mediated selection via herbicide application in agroecosystems has repeatedly led to the evolution of resistance in weedy plants. Although resistance can occur among separate populations of a species across the landscape, the spatial scale of resistance in many weeds is often left unexamined. We assessed the potential that resistance to the herbicide glyphosate in the agricultural weed Ipomoea purpurea has evolved independently multiple times across its North American range. We examined both adaptive and neutral genetic variations in 44 populations of I. purpurea by pairing a replicated dose–response greenhouse experiment with SSR genotyping of experimental individuals. We uncovered a mosaic pattern of resistance across the landscape, with some populations exhibiting high-survival postherbicide and other populations showing high death. SSR genotyping revealed little evidence of isolation by distance and very little neutral genetic structure associated with geography. An approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) analysis uncovered evidence for migration and admixture among populations before the widespread use of glyphosate rather than the very recent contemporary gene flow. The pattern of adaptive and neutral genetic variations indicates that resistance in this mixed-mating weed species appears to have evolved in independent hotspots rather than through transmission of resistance alleles across the landscape.
Figure 2. Limnocoris submontandoni testis with atrazine 125 in Ecotoxicological effects of commercial herbicides on the reproductive system of aquatic arthropod Limnocoris submontandoni (Hemiptera: Naucoridae)
Figure 2. Limnocoris submontandoni testis with atrazine 125 mg/L, (A) Hyalinization of cytoplasm, nuclear vacuoles (arrows) in spermatocyte (SPTO) and spermatid degeneration (SPTI), (B) spermatid degeneration (SPTI) altered morphology and large number of cellular remains (*) observed in the outer layers next to the sperms. Dye: Toluidine Blue.
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