Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
9,798
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
9,798 results for “muscles”
Feats of supercontractile strength: Functional convergence of supercontracting muscle properties among hyoid musculature in chameleons
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Bayesian estimation of muscle mechanisms and therapeutic targets using variational autoencoders
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
CALERIE trial molecular data summary: DNA methylation, mRNA, smRNA for blood, adipose, and muscle
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Tutorial video for: A toolbox for the retrodeformation and muscle reconstruction of fossil specimens in Blender
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Simple muscle-lever systems are not so simple: The need for dynamic analyses to predict lever mechanics that maximize speed
<p><span>Here we argue that quasi-static analyses are insufficient to predict the speed of an organism from its skeletal mechanics alone (i.e. lever arm mechanics). Using a musculoskeletal numerical model we specifically demonstrate that 1) a single lever morphology can produce a range of output velocities, and 2) a single output velocity can be produced by a drastically different set of lever morphologies. These two sets of simulations quantitatively demonstrate that it is incorrect to assume a one-to-one relationship between lever arm morphology and organism maximum velocity. We then use a statistical analysis to quantify what parameters are determining output velocity, and find that muscle physiology, geometry, and limb mass are all extremely important. Lastly we argue that the functional output of a simple lever is dependent on the dynamic interaction of two opposing factors: those decreasing velocity at low mechanical advantage (low torque and muscle work) and those decreasing velocity at high mechanical advantage (muscle force-velocity effects). These dynamic effects are not accounted for in static analyses and are inconsistent with a force-velocity tradeoff in lever systems.</span> <span>Therefore, we advocate for a dynamic, integrative approach that takes these factors into account when analyzing changes in skeletal levers.</span></p>
Metabolic rate data and code for: Intra-specific differences in metabolic rates shape carbon stable isotope trophic discrimination factors of muscle tissue in the common teleost Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis)
<p>Metabolic rate data and code for: Intra-specific differences in metabolic rates shape carbon stable isotope trophic discrimination factors of muscle tissue in the common teleost Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis)</p> <p> </p> <p>The raw data and R-code used to calculate SMR used in the analysis. </p>
Data from: Electroacupuncture mimics exercise-induced changes in skeletal muscle gene expression in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
<p class="1stparatext">Context: Autonomic nervous system activation mediates the increase in whole-body glucose uptake in response to electroacupuncture but the mechanisms are largely unknown.</p> <p class="1stparatext">Objective: To identify the molecular mechanisms underlying electroacupuncture-induced glucose uptake in skeletal muscle in insulin-resistant overweight/obese women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).</p> <p class="1stparatext">Design/Participants: In a case-control study, skeletal muscle biopsies were collected from 15 women with PCOS and 14 controls before and after electroacupuncture. Gene expression and methylation was analyzed using Illumina BeadChips arrays.</p> <p class="1stparatext">Results: A single bout of electroacupuncture restores metabolic and transcriptional alterations and induces epigenetic changes in skeletal muscle. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 180 unique genes (<i>q </i>< 0.05) whose expression was changed by electroacupuncture, with 95% of the changes towards a healthier phenotype. We identified DNA methylation changes at 304 unique sites (<i>q </i>< 0.20), and these changes correlated with altered expression of 101 genes (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Among the 50 most upregulated genes in response to electroacupuncture, 38% were also upregulated in response to<b> </b>exercise. We identified a subset of genes that were selectively altered by electroacupuncture in women with PCOS. For example, <i>MSX1 </i>and <i>SRNX1 </i>were decreased in muscle tissue of women with PCOS and were increased by electroacupuncture and exercise. siRNA-mediated silencing of these two genes in cultured myotubes decreased glycogen synthesis, supporting a role for these genes in glucose homeostasis.</p> <p class="1stparatext">Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence that electroacupuncture normalizes gene expression in skeletal muscle in a manner similar to acute exercise. Electroacupuncture might therefore be a useful way of assisting those who have difficulties performing exercise.</p>
Neural ensemble reactivation in REM and SWS coordinate with muscle activity to promote rapid motor skill learning
<p>Neural activity patterns of recent experiences are reactivated during sleep in structures critical for memory storage, including hippocampus and neocortex. This reactivation process is thought to aid memory consolidation. Although synaptic rearrangement dynamics following learning involve an interplay between slow-wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement sleep (REM), most physiological evidence implicates SWS directly following experience as a preferred window for reactivation. Here we show that reactivation occurs in both REM and SWS, and that coordination of REM and SWS activation on the same day is associated with rapid learning of a motor skill. We performed 6-hour recordings from cells in rats' motor cortex as they were trained daily on a skilled reaching task. In addition to SWS following training, reactivation occurred in REM, primarily during the pre-task rest period, and REM and SWS reactivation occurred on the same day in rats that acquired the skill rapidly. Both pre-task REM and posttask SWS activation were coordinated with muscle activity during sleep, suggesting a functional role for reactivation in skill learning. Our results provide the first demonstration that reactivation in REM sleep occurs during motor skill learning, and that coordinated reactivation in both sleep states on the same day, although at different times, is beneficial for skill learning.</p>
Data from: Effects of a titin mutation on force enhancement and force depression in mouse soleus muscles
The force produced by muscles varies with muscle length. Compared to isometric contractions at the same final length, force increases after lengthening, known as force enhancement, and decreases after shortening, known as force depression. The mechanisms of force enhancement remain unexplained by the sliding-filament and cross-bridge theories of muscle contraction. Although cross-bridge mechanisms have been proposed to account for force depression, so too have other mechanisms. In addition to cross bridges, titin has been suggested to contribute to both force enhancement and depression. Although titin is too compliant in passive muscles to contribute to active stiffness, recent evidence suggests that calcium activation increases titin stiffness. To test the hypothesis that titin plays a role in force enhancement and depression, we investigated muscle force in active and passive wild type and mdm soleus muscles after isovelocity stretching and shortening at three activation levels. Muscles from mdm mice (muscular dystrophy with myositis) have a predicted 83 amino acid deletion in the N2A region of titin and show no increase in stiffness when activated. We found that: 1) force enhancement and depression were reduced in mdm soleus compared to wild type muscles; 2) force enhancement increased with the amplitude of stretch across all activation levels in wild type and mdm muscles, while force depression increased with amplitude in wild type but not in mdm muscles; and 3) maximal shortening velocity of wild type and mdm muscles was similar, although active stress was reduced in mdm compared to wild type muscles. The results of this study suggest a role for titin in force enhancement and depression, which contribute importantly to regulation of muscle force during natural movements.
Data from: History-dependent perturbation response in limb muscle
<p>Muscle mediates movement but movement is typically unsteady and perturbed. Muscle is known to behave non-linearly and with history dependent properties during steady locomotion, but the importance of history dependence in mediating muscles function during perturbations remains less clear. To explore muscle's capacity to mitigate perturbations during locomotion, we constructed a series of perturbations that varied only in kinematic history, keeping instantaneous position, velocity and time from stimulation constant. We find that muscle's perturbation response is profoundly history dependent, varying by four fold as baseline frequency changes, and dissipating energy equivalent to ~6 times the kinetic energy of all the limbs in 5 ms (nearly 2400 W Kg<sup>-1</sup>). Muscle's energy dissipation during a perturbation is predicted primarily by the force at the onset of the perturbation. This relationship holds across different frequencies and timings of stimulation. This history dependence behaves like a viscoelastic memory producing perturbation responses that vary with the frequency of the underlying movement. </p>
Dataset for: Spinal motion and muscle activity during active trunk movements - comparing sheep and humans adopting upright and quadrupedal postures
<p>Datasets used for the manuscript "Spinal motion and muscle activity during active trunk movements - comparing sheep and humans adopting upright and quadrupedal postures", accepted in PLOS ONE</p>
Muscle Wasting in Critical Care
<p>SPSS files of the data collected from patients taking part in the muscle wasting in critical care study.</p>
Data on global expression of non-coding RNome in mice gastrocnemius muscle exposed to jararhagin, snake venom metalloproteinase
<p>This study describes the data on the global expression profile of small RNA (smRNAs) molecules in mice gastrocnemius muscle exposed to jararhagin, snake venom metalloproteinase. The data include smRNAs and microRNAs in mice gastrocnemius muscle challenged with Jararhagin (Jar; n=4) in the right paw or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; control; n=4) in the left paw. smRNA-Seq libraries were generated after 24hs of exposure to PBS or jararhagin. </p>
Spatial variation and inconsistency between estimates of onset of muscle activation from EMG and ultrasound
<p>Study abstract: Delayed onset of muscle activation is a descriptor of impaired motor control. Activation<br> onset can be estimated from electromyography (EMG)-registered muscle excitation and<br> from ultrasound-registered muscle motion, which enables non-invasive measurements in<br> deep muscles. However, in voluntary activation, EMG- and ultrasound-detected activation<br> onsets may not correspond. To evaluate this, ten healthy men performed isometric elbow<br> flexion at 20% to 70% of their maximal force. Utilising a multi-channel electrode<br> transparent to ultrasound, EMG and M(otion)-mode ultrasound were recorded<br> simultaneously over the biceps brachii muscle. The time intervals between automated and<br> visually estimated activation onsets were correlated with the regional variation of EMG<br> and muscle motion onset, contraction level and speed. Automated and visual onsets<br> indicated variable time intervals between EMG- and motion onset, median (interquartile<br> range) 96 (121) ms and 48 (72) ms, respectively. In 17% of trials (computed analysis) or<br> 23% (visual analysis), motion onset was detected before local EMG onset. Multi-channel<br> EMG and M-mode ultrasound revealed regional differences in activation onset, which<br> decreased with higher contraction speed (Spearman ρ≥0.45, P<0.001). In voluntary<br> activation the heterogeneous motor unit recruitment together with immediate motion<br> transmission may explain the high variation of the time intervals between local EMG- and<br> ultrasound-detected activation onset.</p> <p>Data description:</p> <p><strong>EMG data:</strong> folder includes the EMG, torque and synchronization signal data as .otb files. The respective program can be downloaded without costs from http://www.otbioelettronica.it/index.php?lang=en. Data consist of two series (Misome2 and Misome3) of isometric trials at different force levels. The first three digits refer to the subject number.</p> <p><strong>M-mode ultrasound data</strong>: folder includes the M-mode clips of all recorded trials in .tvd format. The respective program can be downloaded for free at http://www.telemedultrasound.com/download/software-downloads/?lang=en. In addition, images of activation onset in DICOM format are provided. The data are sorted for subjects and series (Misome2 and Misome3). The following explanation refers to the filenames of the DICOM images. Usually, the M-mode trace started at the left side synchronously with the synch signal. In this case the rightmost frame of the trace is missing to indicate that the left edge represents the start of the trace. If the file name includes “ons50”, the frame includes the 50. frame = the rightmost frame, still starting with the synch signal. If the filename includes on100, the rightmost frame is the 100. frame and the duration of 50 frames must be added to the visible onset time. Filenames that include “basel” refer to frames that represent a proper delineation of the baseline.</p> <p><strong>Excel data sheet</strong>: Data sheet that includes the computed and visual EMG, M-mode ultrasound and torque onsets, the rate of torque development and the differences between the different types of onsets. The column headers explain the data type, most comprehensively in the first computed data sheet. The colors facilitate the orientation with blue columns referring to torque onsets and green columns referring to ultrasound onsets. The violet EMG channels are those in vicinity to the ultrasound beam. In the second version of each sheet the 5% slowest trials are separated.</p>
Dissecting muscle power output: Evidence of multi-scale power amplification in skeletal muscle
<p class="MsoNormal">Many animals use a combination of skeletal muscle and elastic structures to amplify power output for fast motions. Among vertebrates, tendons in series with skeletal muscle are often implicated as the primary power-amplifying spring, but muscles contain elastic structures at all levels of organization, from the muscle tendon to the extracellular matrix to elastic proteins within sarcomeres. The present study used <em>ex vivo</em> muscle preparations in combination with high-speed video to quantify power output, as the product of force and velocity, at several levels of muscle organization to determine where power amplification occurs. Dynamic ramp shortening contractions in isolated frog flexor digitorum superficialis brevis were compared with isotonic power output to identify power amplification within muscle fibers, the muscle belly, free tendon and elements external to the muscle tendon. Energy accounting revealed that artifacts from compliant structures outside of the muscle–tendon unit contributed significant peak instantaneous power. This compliance included deflection of clamped bone that stored and released energy contributing 195.22±33.19 W kg<sup>−1</sup> (mean±s.e.m.) to the peak power output. In addition, we found that power detected from within the muscle fascicles for dynamic shortening ramps was 338.78 ±16.03 W kg<sup>−1</sup>, or nearly twice the maximum isotonic power output of 195.23±8.82 W kg<sup>−1</sup>. Measurements of muscle belly and muscle–tendon unit also demonstrated significant power amplification. These data suggest that intramuscular tissues, as well as bone, have the capacity to store and release energy to amplify whole-muscle power output.</p>
Blood and muscle O2 storage capacity in North American diving ducks
<p>Breath-hold diving presents air-breathing vertebrates with the challenge of maintaining aerobic respiration while exercising underwater. Adaptive increases in the oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) storage capacity in the lungs, blood, or muscle tissues can enhance these reserves and greatly extend aerobic foraging time underwater. Here, we report blood- and muscle-O<sub>2</sub> storage parameters (blood hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]), hematocrit, and myoglobin concentration ([Mb]) in the pectoralis and gastrocnemius) for 16 species of diving and dabbling ducks found in North America, and investigate which parameters are correlated with the diving behaviors reported in both the sea ducks (<em>Mergini</em>) and the pochards (<em>Aythini</em>). Both [Hb] in the blood and [Mb] in the gastrocnemius, a major leg muscle used in propulsion for these predominantly leg-propelled divers, were significantly higher in the sea ducks compared to the dabblers (<em>Anatini</em>). The pochards also showed a significant increase in [Hb] and were intermediate between the sea ducks and the dabblers in hematocrit and [Mb] in the gastrocnemius. Among these four variables and total body mass, [Mb] in the gastrocnemius was the most significant predictor of mean species dive time, and these two variables were correlated across the phylogeny. Our results indicate that the observed changes in O<sub>2</sub> storage capacity in the blood and muscles are positively correlated with diving behavior in two clades of ducks, such that larger increases are correlated with longer dive times.</p>
Suspected microplastic counts and characteristics in fish muscle and gastrointestinal tissue
<p>Microplastics, or particles <5mm in diameter, comprise a significant portion of marine plastic pollution. These particles can be directly or indirectly taken up by fish and have been detected in multiple fish tissues. Ingestion of plastic particles was recently reported for free-ranging bottlenose dolphins (<em>Tursiops</em> <em>truncatus</em>) inhabiting Sarasota Bay, FL, USA, a community that also has prevalent exposure to plasticizers (i.e., phthalates) at concentrations higher than human reference populations. The sources of these exposures for Sarasota Bay bottlenose dolphins are currently unknown, but plastic-contaminated prey could be a possible vector. To test this hypothesis, muscle and the contents and tissues of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) from prey fish collected in Sarasota Bay were screened for suspected plastic particles, and particle properties (e.g., color, shape, surface texture) were compared to those observed in gastric samples from bottlenose dolphins. In total, 29 fish across four species (hardhead catfish, <em>Ariopsis</em> <em>felis</em> (n=2); pigfish, <em>Orthopristis</em> <em>chrysoptera</em> (n=12); pinfish, <em>Lagodon</em> <em>rhomboides</em> (n=10); and Gulf toadfish, <em>Opsanus</em> <em>beta</em> (n=5)) were collected from two sampling stations in Sarasota Bay, FL during September 2022. Suspected plastic particles were observed in 97% of fish (n=28), and particle abundance was higher for GIT tissue than muscle. Fish and dolphin samples contained fibers and films; however, foams were most abundant in dolphin samples and not observed in fish. Fragments, including tire wear particles (TWP), were not observed in dolphin samples, TWP fragments were not observed in bottlenose dolphin gastric samples, but 23.1% and 32.0% of fish muscle and GIT samples, respectively, contained at least one TWP fragment. While some similarities in particle properties were shared between dolphins and fish, small sample sizes and incongruent findings for foams and TWP particles suggest that further investigation is warranted to understand the potential for trophic transfer.</p>
Extraocular muscle stem cells exhibit distinct cellular properties associated with non-muscle molecular signatures
<p>The muscle stem cell (MuSC) population is recognized as functionally heterogeneous. Cranial muscle stem cells, which originate from head mesoderm, can have greater proliferative capacity in culture and higher regenerative potential in transplantation assays when compared to those in the limb. The existence of such functional differences in phenotypic outputs remain unresolved as a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms is lacking. We addressed this issue using a combination of clonal analysis, live imaging, and scRNA-seq, identifying critical biological features that distinguish extraocular (EOM) and limb (Tibialis anterior, TA) MuSC populations. Time-lapse studies using a MyogenintdTomato reporter showed that the increased proliferation capacity of EOM MuSCs is accompanied by a differentiation delay in vitro. Unexpectedly, in vitro activated EOM MuSCs expressed a large array of distinct extracellular matrix (ECM) components, growth factors, and signaling molecules that are typically associated with mesenchymal non-muscle cells. These unique features are regulated by a specific set of transcription factors that constitute a coregulating module. This transcription factor network, which includes Foxc1 as one of the major players, appears to be hardwired to EOM identity as it is present in quiescent adult MuSCs, in the activated counterparts during growth and retained upon passages in vitro. These findings provide insights into how high-performing MuSCs regulate myogenic commitment by active remodeling of their local environment.</p>
Bulk Carbon and Amino Acid nitrogen isotope data from Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) and European flounder (Platichthys flesus) muscle tissue samples from the western and central Baltic Sea
<p><span>Eutrophication, increased temperatures and stratification can lead <span>to massive, filamentous, N<sub>2</sub>-fixing cyanobacterial (FNC) blooms in coastal ecosystems with largely unresolved consequences for the mass and energy supply in pelagic and benthic food webs. Mesozooplankton adapt to not top-down controlled FNC blooms by switching diets from phytoplankton to microzooplankton, resulting in a directly quantifiable increase in its trophic position (TP) from 2.0 (herbivore) to as high as 3.0 (carnivore). If this process in mesozooplankton, we call trophic lengthening, was transferred up to higher trophic levels of a food web, a large loss of energy could result in massive declines of fish biomass. </span></span><span>We used compound-specific nitrogen stable isotope data of amino acids (CSIA) to estimate and compare </span><span>the nitrogen (N) sources and TPs of cod and flounder (mesopredators) from areas</span><span> </span><span>with influence of FNC blooms (central Baltic Sea) and without it (western Baltic Sea)</span><span>. We tested if FNC-caused </span><span>trophic lengthening in mesozooplankton is carried over to fish.</span><span> The TP of cod from the western Baltic, feeding mainly on decapods, was equal to the global mean value (4.1, secondary carnivore). Only cod from the central Baltic, mainly feeding on zooplanktivorous pelagics, had a higher TP (4.8, near-tertiary carnivore), indicating a strong carry-over effect of </span><span>FNC-</span><span>caused trophic lengthening from mesozooplankton. In contrast, the TP of molluscivorous flounder (3.2 ± 0.2 in both areas), associated with the benthic food web, was unaffected by trophic lengthening. This suggests that FNC blooms cause a large loss of energy in zooplanktivorous but not in molluscivorous mesopredators. If FNC blooms continue to detour energy at the base of the pelagic food web, the TP of cod will not return to global mean values and the fish stock not recover. Monitoring the TP of key species can identify fundamental changes in ecosystems and provide useful information for resource management.</span></p>
Drp1 controls Complex II assembly and skeletal muscle metabolism by Sdhaf2 action on mitochondria
<p>The Dynamin-related GTPase, Drp1 (encoded by <em>Dnm1l</em>) plays a central role in mitochondrial fission and is requisite for numerous cellular processes however its role in muscle metabolism remains unclear. Herein, we show that among human tissues, the highest number of gene correlations with <em>DNM1L </em> are in skeletal muscle. Knockdown of Drp1 (Drp1-KD) promoted mitochondrial hyperfusion in the muscle of male mice. Reduced fatty acid oxidation and impaired insulin action along with increased muscle succinate was observed in Drp1-KD muscle. Muscle Drp1-KD reduced Complex II assembly and activity as a consequence of diminished mitochondrial translocation of succinate dehydrogenase assembly factor 2 (Sdhaf2). Restoration of Sdhaf2 normalized Complex II activity, lipid oxidation, and insulin action in Drp1-KD myocytes. Drp1 is critical in maintaining mitochondrial Complex II assembly, lipid oxidation, and insulin sensitivity, suggesting a mechanistic link between mitochondrial morphology and skeletal muscle metabolism, which is clinically relevant in combatting metabolic-related diseases.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.